Calicut University 1st year B. Com Module 1

1. MOTIVATION
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 1.8

2. • Based on Latin word movere  to move
• An act of stimulating an individual for action  Top level management  Inspire and
stimulate
• Definition  Motivation means a process of stimulating people to action to accomplish desired
goals [William G Scott]
• Characteristics:
1. Continuous process
2. A psychological phenomenon
3. Dynamic
4. Based on needs
5. Related with individual
6. Goal oriented process
7. Complex process
8. Influenced by social and cultural norms
9. Positive or negative

3. TYPES OF NEEDS
• Primary needs
• Secondary needs
• General needs  Grey area
- Need for competence, curiosity, manipulation, effection

4. IMPORTANCE
1. Motives is restlessness, a lack, a yen, a force  reduce, remedy, alleviate, mitigate
2. Effective utilization of human resources
3. Make employees quality oriented
4. Maintains good human relations
5. Basis of good co-operation
6. Better image
7. Less absenteeism and turnover
8. Improvement of skill and knowledge
9. Induces workers to work
Motive Needs in individuals
Motivating  Activating needs and providing need satisfaction environment
Motivation  Engagement in work behaviour

5. MOTIVATION PROCESS
Need Deficiency
Selection of a course of action
Assessment of employee’s performance
Reward/Punishment
Need Fulfillment

6. CONSEQUENCES OF NON-FULFILMENT OF
NEED
• Flight
• Apathy
• Aggression

7. • Prepositions
• Merits
• Demerits

8. • Merits
• Demerits

9. Indices:
• Moderate risks
• Sudden feedback
• Accomplishment
• Pre occupation with
tasks

10. • Assumption
• Comparison
• Criticism

11. • 1981- Japanese management practice
• Soft management style
• Features:
1. Trust
2. Strong bond between organisations and
employees
3. Employee’s involvement
4. No formal Structure
5. Role of managers