education purposes

1. Basketball

2. Basketball is a game played
between two teams of five
players each on a rectangular
court, usually indoors. Each team
tries to score by tossing
the ball through the opponent’s
goal, an elevated horizontal hoop
and net called a basket.

3. The only major sport strictly
of U.S. origin, basketball was
invented by James Naismith (1861–
1939) on or about December 1, 1891,
at the International Young Men’s
Christian Association (YMCA) Training
School (now Springfield
College), Springfield, Massachusetts,
where Naismith was an instructor
in physical education.

4. For that first game of basketball in
1891, Naismith used as goals two
half-bushel peach baskets, which
gave the sport its name. The students
were enthusiastic. After
much running and shooting, William
R. Chase made a midcourt shot—the
only score in that historic contest.

5. In the early years the number of players
on a team varied according to the number
in the class and the size of the playing
area. In 1894 teams began to play with
five on a side when the playing area was
less than 1,800 square feet (167.2 square
metres); the number rose to seven when
the gymnasium measured from 1,800 to
3,600 square feet (334.5 square metres)
and up to nine when the playing area
exceeded that.

7. Backboard- It is a raised
vertical board with an
attached basket consisting
of a net suspended from a
hoop. It is made of a flat,
rigid piece of, often
Plexiglas or tempered glass
which also has the
properties of safety glass
when accidentally
shattered.

8. Basketball hoop- is a
backboard and rim
attached to a pole
stemming from a wide,
sturdy base that has
wheels on the bottom.

9. Basketball net- It is
essential in basketball. While
they are not required if being
played recreationally, almost
every basketball rim will have
a net attached to it.

10. A double rim is a large
type of rim, different from
the usual single rim, used
on many basketball
hoops. The double rim is
thicker and slightly taller
than the single rim,
approximately double its
thickness.

11. Ball- A basketball is
a spherical ball used in games
of the same name. Basketballs
usually range in size from very
small promotional items that are
only a few inches (some
centimeters) in diameter to extra
large balls nearly 2 feet (60 cm) in
diameter used in training exercises.

12. For example, a youth basketball
could be 27 inches (69 cm) in
circumference, while a National
Collegiate Athletic
Association (NCAA) men's ball
would be a maximum of 30 inches
(76 cm) and an NCAA women's
ball would be a maximum of 29
inches (74 cm

13. The standard for a basketball in
the National Basketball
Association (NBA) is 29.5 inches
(75 cm) in circumference and for
the Women's National Basketball
Association (WNBA), a maximum
circumference of 29 inches
(74 cm). High school and junior
leagues normally use NCAA, NBA
or WNBA sized balls.[1][2]

14. Old style basketball

15. Basketball Gears

16. 1. Basketball jersey - These
days, the ultra lightweight
fabric available are durable
and they should allow
players’ skin to “breathe,”
providing ventilation to
help players stay cool and
prevent overheating.

17. 2.Basketball shorts-
Basketball shorts should sit at
the waist, or just below the
waist. They should not be too
loose or too tight. The proper
training and wearing of
basketball shorts can help
you achieve a higher level of
performance.

18. 3. Basketball shoes-
Basketball shoes should
fit snugly to your feet, with no
space in between the shoe and
your foot. The width of the
shoe should also be consistent
from toe to heel; too wide a
difference can cause
discomfort and instability on
court.

19. Knee pads-Knee pads provide
basketball players with a cushion to
absorb impact from the high-speed
collisions on the court that can
result in bruises, abrasions.
Elbow pads- Elbow pads: Because
basketball is a contact sport, elbow
pads can protect others and reduce
the chance of them getting hurt.

21. basketball, Court game
between two teams of five
players. They score by tossing,
or “shooting,” an inflated ball
through a raised hoop, or
“basket,” located in their
opponent’s end of the court.

22. A goal is worth two points,
three if shot from outside a
specified limit. A player who is
fouled (through unwarranted
physical contact) by another is
awarded one to three free-
throw attempts (depending on
the circumstances of the foul).
A successful free throw is worth
one point.

23. What Are the Rules of Basketball?
Dr. James Naismith invented the game of
basketball in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1891.
The objective of today's game stems directly
from Naismith's original rules that are based
around shooting a ball through a metal hoop
suspended above the ground, which is called a
basket. These rules include;

24. 1. Only five players per team on the court. In the
NBA, WNBA, and NCAA basketball, each team can
play a maximum number of five players on the court.
If a team breaks this main rule, they will lose
possession of the ball. Sometimes this inadvertently
happens, particularly at low levels of the game, when
substitute players check into the game and others
don't leave the court in time.

25. 2. Score more than your opponent to win. To win the
game, a team must score more field goals than the
other team. A field goal refers to any basket a player
scores during gameplay. Field goals can be worth two
or three points. Field goals shot from inside the arc
that designates the three-point line on the court are
worth two points. Field goals shot from outside the
arc are worth three points. Field goals can take the
form of jump shots, layups, slam dunks, and tip-ins.

26. 3. Score within the shot clock. Teams have a limited
amount of time to shoot the ball during a given
possession. In the NBA and WNBA, teams are allowed
24 seconds of possession before they must shoot,
while NCAA teams are allowed 30 seconds. A shot
clock mounted above the hoop on each side of the
court displays and counts down the time allotted. If
the shot clock elapses, the opposing team forfeits the
ball and becomes the defensive team.

27. 4. Dribbling advances the ball. Basketball players may
only advance the ball by passing or dribbling
(bouncing the ball on the floor) as they move up and
down the court. If a player stops dribbling, they may
not resume; instead, they must pass the ball or shoot
it. If an offensive player with possession of the ball
stops then continues dribbling before passing or
shooting, the referee will call a “double dribble,” and
the opposing team gets the ball.

28. Additionally, players may only advance the ball
by dribbling it. If they run while holding the ball,
they are traveling. Referees will issue a traveling
call, and possession of the ball will go to the
opposing team.

29. 5. The offense has five seconds to inbound the ball.
After the offense scores a basket, the opposing team
receives possession of the ball. One of their players
has to inbound the ball from a designated spot on the
sidelines of the court to resume gameplay. The player
has five seconds to pass the ball to another player on
his team, or else the team loses possession. The
defender cannot contact the ball when the offensive
player is trying to inbound it, or the referee can issue
a technical foul.

30. 6. The offense must advance the ball. Once an
offensive team advances the ball past the half-
court line, the ballhandler may not cross that
line again, or a referee will award possession of
the ball to the opposing team.

31. 7. Ball and ballhandler must remain inbounds. During
gameplay, the player with possession of the ball must
stay within the designated inbounds lines marked on
the court. If a player steps out of bounds or touches
this line with their foot while holding the ball, the
referee will award possession to the opposing team.
Additionally, if a player shoots the ball while their foot
is touching the line and the shot is successful, it will
not count.

32. 8. Defenders can’t interfere with a shot on a
downward trajectory. After the offensive player
shoots the ball, it is illegal for a defensive player
to interfere with it once it begins its descent
toward the rim. This interference is called a
goaltend and will result in an automatic field
goal for the offense.

33. 9. Defenders can legally block or steal the ball.
The defending team’s goal is to prevent the
offensive team from scoring by either stealing
the ball, blocking the ball from entering the
basket, or using defensive tactics to prevent an
offensive player from shooting and scoring.

34. 10. Defenders must leave the paint after three
seconds. The area directly in front of the basket
is sometimes referred to as "the paint" or
"inside the key." Offensive players may not
camp out in this area waiting for the ball or an
offensive rebound. Any individual player can
spend a maximum of three seconds at a time in
the space before they have to move.

35. Once they step out of the paint, they can return.
If the referee notices a player hovering in the
paint for over three seconds, the team will
receive a three-second violation.

36. 11. Each team is allotted a certain number of fouls.
The NBA allows each team a total of five fouls per
quarter. Once a team surpasses this allotment, they
go “into the bonus,” which means the officials will
award the opposing team with free throws for every
additional foul that a player commits in that quarter
of play. In the NCAA, these foul shots are known as
"one and one" shots, which means that if a player
makes the first free throw, they receive a second free
throw.

37. If they miss the first free throw, either team can
rebound the errant shot and claim possession.
After 10 team fouls, the opposing team gets a
"double bonus," which means they get to take
two foul shots.

38. 12. Illegal contact results in a foul. When a basketball
player commits illegal physical contact against an opposing
player, the referees will call a personal foul. Most player
fouls involve contact that impedes an opposing player's
gameplay. When a player fouls another player on an
opposing team in the act of shooting, the referee rewards
the fouled player with unguarded free throws from the foul
line. Each successfully made free throw counts for one
point. Referees can assess coaches with fouls for
unsportsmanlike acts, such as using profanity to dispute a
missed call.

39. 13. Illegal contact results in a personal foul. A personal
foul is an infraction that violates the rules of the game.
Players can incur personal fouls by pushing, blocking, or
striking another player in the act of shooting. Shooting fouls
result in free throw attempts for the fouled player. If a
defender fouls a shooter attempting a two-point shot, the
shooter will receive two free throws. If a shooter is fouled
during a three-point shot attempt, they will receive three free
throws. If the player makes the shot they were attempting at
the time of illegal contact, the basket counts, and the shooter
will receive one free throw.

40. 14. Excessive contact results in a flagrant foul. Flagrant fouls
refer to a personal foul that can potentially injure the
opponent. These fouls carry heavier penalties, such as fines,
immediate ejection, and even suspension. There are two
types of flagrant fouls: flagrant foul—penalty (1) and flagrant
foul—penalty (2). Flagrant 1 refers to fouls involving
unnecessary contact. The penalty for this foul type is a free
throw for the opponent and possession of the ball. Flagrant 2
refers to any foul involving unnecessary and excessive
contact.

41. Officials perform an instant-play review to determine if an act
qualifies for the flagrant 2 penalty. If it does, the player at
fault is assessed a fine and an automatic ejection from the
game, and the opposing team receives free throws and
possession of the ball.

42. 15. Charges and illegal screens result in an offensive foul. An
offensive foul is a personal foul that offensive players commit
when their team possesses the ball. The two most common
offensive fouls are charging and illegal ball screens. Charging
is when an offensive player makes contact with a defensive
player who has planted their feet in a locked position. An
illegal screen is when a non-ball-handling offensive player
moves while setting a screen for their teammate to prevent
the defender from moving about the court.

43. 16. Certain rule violations result in technical fouls. A
technical foul is a penalty for violating the game’s
administrative rules. Officials commonly assess technical fouls
for fighting and verbal abuse, often assessing coaches with
this penalty if they are too abrasive when disputing a call.
Technical fouls result in a free throw and a change of
possession. If a player or coach receives two technical fouls in
the same game, the referee will eject them. Players with a
long history of technical fouls risk suspension from the regular
season and even playoff games.

44. A foul is committed whenever a player makes such contact
with an opponent as to put him at a disadvantage; for the
2001–02 season the NBA approved a rule change that
eliminated touch fouls, meaning brief contact initiated by a
defensive player is allowable if it does not impede the
progress of the offensive player. If a player is fouled
while shooting and the shot is good, the basket counts and he
is awarded one free throw (an unhindered throw for a goal
from behind the free throw, or foul, line, which is 15 feet [4.6
metres] from the backboard);

45. If a player is fouled while shooting and the shot is good, the
basket counts and he is awarded one free throw (an
unhindered throw for a goal from behind the free throw, or
foul, line, which is 15 feet [4.6 metres] from the backboard); if
the shot misses, he gets a second free throw. If a foul is
committed against a player who is not shooting, then his
team is awarded either the possession of the ball or a free
throw if the other team is in a penalty situation.

46. Overly violent fouls are called flagrant fouls and also result in
free throws and possession for the opposition. Players are
allowed a set number of personal fouls per game (six in the
NBA, five in most other competitions) and are removed from
the game when the foul limit is reached.

48. Referees
Referees are the main officials of the game. They are the
ones who are actually responsible for enforcing rules and
regulations and calling fouls and violations. The number of
referees officiating a game depends on the level of play. In
NBA, a crew chief and two referees are assigned to conduct
a game and there official uniform is gray shirt and black
pant. In international basketball or NCAA game, it can be
either one referee and one umpire or one referee and two
umpires officiate a game. They wear typical black and white
stripped shirts and black pants.

49. Lead Referee
Lead referee (also known as crew chief in NBA)
is the in charge of the game. Normally, all two or
three referees are independent in terms of making
their decisions but in case of a dispute, it’s the lead
referee whose verdict is considered final.

50. Scorers
,Scorer play supportive role in the game of the basketball.
There can be one or two scorers in a game depending on
the rules of the league and their job is to write down the
stats relevant to the game. They keep a running summary
of points scored, notify field goals and free throws made
and missed. They also record the fouls called on each
player and informs a referee if sixth fouls is called against
a player (to eject him from game). Also notes the
timeouts and let the referee knows if all timeouts have
been used up by a team.

51. Timers
Timer assists referee in recording time. Generally, two
timers are appointed by the league. One is official timer
who operates the game clock and the other is shot clock
operator who operates 24 second clock. Official timer
alerts referee when each half is going to start and stops
the clock when any kind of interruption occurs during a
game (fouls, out of bounds, timeouts etc) while shot clock
timer informs referee when a player takes 24 or more
seconds to shoot a ball (keeping the ball in possession for
24 seconds or more is a violation)

52. A basketball coach – Basketball coach prepares
players to perform in competitive arenas such as
college, league games, and professional basketball
leagues. Basketball coaches instruct players during
practice and games.

53. Basketball Coach Job Description Template
We are looking for a basketball coach to be
responsible for instructing players during practice
and games. The responsibilities of a basketball
coach include creating strategies for the team,
instructing the players, and providing mentorship.

54. The basketball starts with tips and thricks
“At the end of the game, whichever team has
accumulated a higher point total is declared the
winner.”