4. WATER POLLUTION
Contamination of water
bodies
Lakes, rivers, oceans,
aquifers, ground water
Human activities
Pollutants
Particles or Chemicals
that pollute
5. Water Pollution is the second most
imperative environmental concern
after Air Pollution
Any change or modification in the
physical, chemical or biological
properties of water that have
detrimental consequences--pollution
6. POINT SOURCE
NON-POINT
SOURCE
Pollutants that belong
to a single source
Discrete conveyance
Emissions from factories
Sewage treatment plant
Pollutants emitted from
multiple sources
Diffused contamination
Contaminated water
after rain through
different regions
Leaching of nitrogen
compounds from an
SOURCE
S
8. NUTRIENTS pollution
Fertilizers, wastewater, sewage
Algae, weed growth
SURFACE WATER pollution
Dissolve on the surface
OXYGEN DEPLETING
pollution
Aerobic and anaerobic organisms
Biodegradable matter
GROUND WATER pollution
Pesticides and other chemicals which seep
TYPE
S
13. Effects
• Health problems
• Blue baby syndrome
• Pesticides and other toxins kill
aquatic life
• Cause health problems when
they get into drinking water.
• Bacteria and parasites can cause
illness and death
14. Solutions
Soil Test
Don't fertilize before a rain
storm.
Use organic fertilizers
Substitute biological methods.
Recycle oil, antifreeze,
batteries, fertilizer, pesticides
15. Control runoff
Keep barnyards and feedlots
clean
Routinely pick up of livestock
waste
Maintain proper storage
monitor containers for leaks
20. Lack of capital
Water is not treated
adequately before
discharging
Leaching of
resources from
mines
Make land
useless for
agricultural
activities
Wastes generated
during mining
22. Effects on the Ecosystem
• The water used in industries comes in contact with
toxic chemicals, heavy metals, organic sludge, and
even radioactive sludge.
• When such polluted water is thrown into the
ocean or other water bodies without any
treatment.
• They become unfit for any human and agricultural
use.
23. Thermal Pollution
• The radioactive sludge remain in water
body for many decades and pose serious
health risks for people.
• Nuclear reactors are also a major
source of thermal pollution along with
power plants.
• Thermal pollution refers to an increase
in ambient water temperature.
• It can have an adverse effect on
aquatic or marine life, as some
24. Effect of Eutrophication
• When the nutrient content of water increases,
which is known as eutrophication, it can
promote algal bloom.
• Algal bloom can deplete the oxygen content of
water.
• Algal bloom is often followed by the death of
large quantity algae, which are decomposed by
bacteria by using oxygen.
25. • The entire process of algal bloom, and the bacterial
decomposition of algae deplete the amount of
dissolved oxygen in water.
• Sometimes, this process can reduce the oxygen
content of water to such an extent that it can no
longer support aquatic life.
• Such hypoxic areas of ocean, where marine life
cannot survive are known as dead zones.
26. Effect of Chemicals
Sulphur
Asbestos
Lead and
Mercury
Nitrates and
phosphates
Oils
28. Domestic pollution
•Sewage waste water containing
human, animal, and laundry
waste
•Sewage disposal, a major problem
•Untreated sewage water may result in
out break of several
diseases
Domestic Pollution
is the pollution
caused to the earth
by domestic use.
29. Sources:
• Domestic sewage
• Waste from food preparation,
dishwashing, garbage, toilets, baths,
showers etc.
• Dissolved and suspended pollutants
• Organic materials( food and vegetable
wastes)
• Sewage originating primarily from kitchen,
bathroom, and laundry sources
• Detergents and washing powders
containing phosphates > soften water