Sustainable Agriculture Development and Food Production

1. SUSTAINABLE FOOD
PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Submitted To: Dr. Asma.
Submitted By: Hijaab Fatima.

2. GROUP MEMBERS:

3. We will try to explain factors contributing to sustainable
food production and processing.

4. Agriculture
• Climate, geography and geology influence how
the land is used to grow food and farm animals.
• Some regions can use almost all the land for
agriculture.
• Other regions have a harsh climate, lots of forest or
high mountains which means that very little land can
be used.

5. Sustainable agriculture
What is it?
Sustainable agriculture has been defined as an integrated
system of plant and animal production that will last
over the long time, to satisfy human food needs and
enhance natural resources.
It is the practice of farming using
principles that:
 respect ecology and
 conserve natural resources.

6. There are many ways to improve the sustainability of
farming. These vary from country to country, region to
region.
These include:
• pest management – reduces health and environmental
risks;
• rotational grazing – animals are moved regularly to
new pasture to allow fields to regenerate

7. • soil conservation – helps prevent loss of soil due to
wind and water erosion;
• water conservation –helps improve water quality
and protects wetlands;
• cover crops – growing plants like clover after
harvesting helps weed and erosion control and
improves soil nutrients and soil quality;
Sustainable farming

8.  nutrient management - improves
the soil and protects the
environment;
 marketing – raises the profile of
sustainable farming practices and
increases consumer awareness;
Sustainable farming

9. • crop/landscape diversity - growing a variety of
crops reduces risks from extremes in weather or crop
pests; it also helps with soil conservation, wildlife
habitat and increases the number of good insects.
Sustainable farming

10. Aquaculture
Aquaculture is the farming of fish, shellfish and aquatic
plants like algae.
It is one of the world's fastest growing food sectors.
In Europe, aquaculture
accounts for almost 20%
of fish production.

11. There is now increasing evidence about
climate change. Concerns for European
agriculture and farming are:
• decreasing average annual and seasonal
rainfall will be a serious problem in many
regions;
• causing more sudden heat waves,
droughts, storms and floods across the
EU.

12. Food security is one of the major
challenges worldwide in the years
ahead.
Global food demand forecast
to rise by 70% by 2050 (FAO).
Food production will have to be
maintained and capacity
increased to help meet demand.
Food security

13. What is food security?
There are different ways to define food security.
It means that you:
 have food on your plate today;
 have confidence that there will be food on your
plate tomorrow, next week, month and in a year.

14. Food security includes:
• availability: is there enough to go around?
• access: can it be reached efficiently?
• affordability: can it be bought at a fair price?
• quality: is the food edible?
• nutrition: is the food part of a balanced diet?
• safety: could it harm health?
Therefore, food security is about having access to
affordable, safe and nutritious food, today and tomorrow.

15. The main challenge in the future is not
only to produce more, but also to do
this in a sustainable way.

17. Food security
A comprehensive policy and investment agenda for
achieving suitable for security is needed to
 improve small holder productivity and market
access
 keep trade open
 promote productive social safety nets
 integrate climate change strategies
 harmonize food security and sustainability policy.
For these to happen, tested and proven
innovations in agriculture must be put into use.

22. By; Fatima saleem

23. 1-Maximize organic
matter production
Plant productivity is linked closely to organic matter.
Consequently, landscapes with variable organic matter usually
show variations in productivity. Plants growing in well-aerated
soils are less stressed by drought or excess water. In soils with
less compaction, plant roots can penetrate and flourish more
readily. High organic matter increases productivity and, in
turn, high productivity increases organic matter.

24. 2. Keep the soil covered
One of the easiest things to do is to leave at least 50% of the soil surface
covered with crop residues in the fall. A minimum of 50% cover of corn
and cereal residue will protect the soil in most situations. Lighter residues
such as those from soybeans and edible beans, generally require a higher
per cent residue cover to provide adequate soil protection. To achieve this
goal, do as little tillage as possible where residues have not been spread
evenly. It goes without saying that leaving all crop residues on the soil
surface will provide the most protection

25. 3. Zero tillage
No-till farming (also called zero tillage or direct drilling) is a way of growing
crops or pasture from year to year without disturbing the soil through tillage.
Control of weeds is the main problem in zero tillage.
Incomplete weed control is the main abstoute to the further
adoption. Zero tillage a widely used in humid areas.
i. Soils are subject to wind and water erosion eg. in sloppy
bare compacted soils with high gilt fine sand.
ii. Timing of tillage operation 15 foods difficult.
iii. Conventional tillage to not yield more.
iv. Requirement of energy and labour too high.
v. In medium to fine textured soils use of heavy implements
can result in formation of hard puncturing wet conditions.
Much more research information is needed on cartilage.

26. 4. Maintain biological
diversity
consumption of resources is a root cause of biodiversity loss, we can
consume less and be more mindful about what we consume. We need
to leverage our purchasing power to help protect biodiversity by
consuming products that do not harm the environment. Ecolabels
enable consumers to determine which products are green, safe, and
environmentally sustainable. But because so many ecolabels have
sprung up—in 2010, there were 400 different sustainability
certifications available around the world—they can be
confusing. Here are some of the most reliable and respected
ecolabels to look for.

27. 5. Feed plants through
the mulch
Organic mulches help to improve the soil as they rot down. Mulches provide a great habitat
for beneficial garden predators, such as spiders and ground beetles. Use trimmings from
the garden as mulch. Thin layers of grass clippings can be used on your vegetable beds
Mulch is a material that you shred up and put on top of your soil. Compost is
decomposed organic matter. Mulch does a number of things for your soil. It will
hold the moisture in, improve the structure, help prevent weeds, and if organic,
breaks down over time adding nutrients to your soil.

28. How do we improvethe sustainabilityof foodproductionsystemswithoutclearingmoreforestsand
depletingecosystems
BY:Awishta safdar

29. Sustainability
Sustainability is the process of maintaining change in
a balanced fashion, in which the exploitation of
resources, the direction of investments, the
orientation of technological development and
institutional change are all in harmony and enhance
both current and future potential to meet human
needs and aspirations

30. How do we improve the sustainability of food production systems
Sustainable farming focuses on raising food that is
healthy for consumers. Industrially raised food is grown
with many pesticides and chemicals and is processed with
additives and preservatives. ... Industrial food is also
refrigerated and shipped from long distances, decreasing
its nutritional value.

31. How do we improve the sustainability of food production
systems without clearing more forests and depleting
ecosystems?
 Massive loss of forests and land , 75% of
which is attributable to agriculture.
 This deforestation for agricultural
expansion comes with a hefty climate cost
too
 GHG emissions from deforestation and
forest degradation account for 10-11% of
total global emissions.
 The livestock sector is also a major GHG
emitter.

32.  Reducing this current trend in deforestation and land degradation will
require economic incentives,
 changing management practices, adopting climate-smart restoration
and management approaches
 Tree-based agricultural systems provide both production and
provisional services and are key to food security through supporting
the availability, access and use of foods – both farmed and wild.

33. Carbon, food and forests
 We know that forests serve as natural storage for carbon and
are essential in mitigating climate change
 According to FAO, global agriculture production will increase
by 60% whereas the meat production will increase by 76%.
Meeting this growing global demand for food, either through
agricultural expansion or agricultural intensification, without
taking environmental risks will be very challenging.

34. CONCLUSION

35. Pakistan need to adopt a
comprehensive approach
towards increasing
productivity of all Food.

36. Increase
Research in
Plant
Breeding
Adopt
Genetically
Modified
Crops.
Boost
Irrigation
Set up
Integration into
Agriculture
Value Chain

37. • For Implementation of Sustainable Food Technologies
Food Security Management is very Important.

38. SUGGESTION FOR BETTER FOOD SECURITY
Balance food and nutritional security.
Embrace new technology for knowledge transfer
Take a balanced ‘landscape’ approach to agriculture.
Stop the spread of non-native invasive species.