Useful for 1. Students from Class 12 to M. A. level 2. Academicians 3. Planners and Policymakers for general understanding

2. Basic introduction to
GIS softwares; (QGIS, ArcGIS, etc.),
Dr. Kuldip Singh Kait
Associate Professor in Geography,
Govt. College for Girls, Sector-14,
Gurugram

11. भौगोलिक सूचना प्रणािी सोफ्टवेअसस
Geographical Information System Softawares
• Open source software
– 1.1 Desktop GIS
• The following open-source desktop GIS projects are reviewed in Steiniger and Bocher
(2008/9):
• GRASS GIS – Geospatial data management, vector and raster manipulation - developed by
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
• gvSIG – Mapping and geoprocessing with a 3D rendering plugin
• ILWIS (Integrated Land and Water Information System) – Integrates image, vector and
thematic data.
• JUMP GIS / OpenJUMP ((Open) Java Unified Mapping Platform) – The desktop GISs
OpenJUMP, SkyJUMP, deeJUMP and Kosmo all emerged from JUMP.
• MapWindow GIS – Free desktop application with plugins and a programmer library
• QGIS (previously known as Quantum GIS) – Powerful cartographic and geospatial data
processing tools with extensive plug-in support
• SAGA GIS (System for Automated Geoscientific Analysis) – Tools for environmental
modeling, terrain analysis, and 3D mapping
• uDig – API and source code (Java) available.

12. भौगोलिक सूचना प्रणािी सोफ्टवेअसस
Geographical Infirmation System Softawares
• GIS as a service
• Many suppliers are now starting to offer Internet based services as well as or instead of
downloadable software and/or data. These can be free, funded by advertising or paid for on
subscription; they split into three areas:
• SaaS – Software as a Service: Software available as a service on the Internet
– ArcGIS Online – Esri's cloud based version of ArcGIS
– CartoDB – Online mapping platform that offers an open source, cloud based SaaS model
– Mapbox – Provider of custom online maps for websites
• PaaS – Platform as a Service: geocoding or analysis/processing services
– ArcGIS Online
– Google Maps JavaScript API version 3
– Here Maps JavaScript API version
– Microsoft Bing Geocode Dataflow AP
– US Census Geocoder[
• DaaS – Data as a Service: data or content services
– ArcGIS Online
– Apple Maps
– Google Maps
– Here Maps
– OpenStreetMap
– Microsoft Bing Maps

13. Softwares Generally Used in
आमतौर पर शिक्षा क
े क्षेत्र में प्रयोग आने वाले सोफ्टवेअर
ननम्नशलखित है
• Open Source Softwares:
• QGIS (previously known as Quantum GIS) –
Powerful cartographic and geospatial data
processing tools with extensive plug-in support
and another is
• SaaS – Software as a Service: Software
available as a service on the Internet
– ArcGIS Online – Esri's cloud based version of
ArcGIS

14. QGIS Software
• A Free and Open Source Geographic Information System
• Can Create, edit, visualise, analyse and publish geospatial
information on Windows, Mac, Linux, BSD and mobile
devices
• QGIS is a user friendly Open Source Geographic
Information System (GIS) licensed under the GNU General
Public License.
• QGIS is an official project of the Open Source Geospatial
Foundation (OSGeo).
• It runs on Linux, Unix, Mac OSX, Windows and Android
• It supports numerous vector, raster, and database formats
and functionalities.

15. ARCGIS
(Aeronautical Reconnaissance Coverage Geographic
Information System)
• ArcGIS is a geographic information system for
working with maps and geographic information
maintained by the Environmental Systems
Research Institute
• It is used for creating and using maps, compiling
geographic data, analyzing mapped information,
sharing and discovering geographic information,
using maps and geographic information in a range
of applications, and managing geographic
information in a database.

16. References:
1. भौगोलिक सूचना तंत्र: मुक्त ज्ञानकोश ववककपीडियाा से
2. https://kaiseinhindi.com/gis-me-career-kaise-banaye/
3. प्रायोगिक भूिोल, कक्षा -12, माध्यगमक गिक्षा बोर्ड, अजमेर, राजस्थान
4. https://computerhindinotes.com/what-is-gis-how-gis-work/
5. https://docs.qgis.org/3.4/en/docs/gentle_gis_introduction/vect
or_data.html
6. https://docs.qgis.org/3.4/en/docs/gentle_gis_introduction/rast
er_data.html
7. https://geographicalworld1997.blogspot.com/2020/03/gis.ht
ml