salt industry in national economic scenario

1. Salt industry in national economic scenario
KRUPALI D. VYAS
ROLL NO. – 5 SEMESTER – 3
PAPER NO.- 9
DEPARTMENT OF MARINE SCIENCE
M. K. BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY
1

2. Introduction
 India is third largest salt producing country in the world
 With an average annual production of about 20.31 million tones
 1.6 million in 2001
 Current annual requirement of salt in country is estimated to be 60 lakh
tones for industrial use
 About 15 lakh tones of salt is exported every year
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3. Cont…
 World wide salt production is currently 200 million tones and
exceeding the mark rapidly
 Almost 60% of salt production in the world goes to industrial usage
 Only remaining 40% is use for the application in the form of food
additives
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4. Major salt producing states
 Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka,
Tamilnadu, Orissa, west Bengal, Goa and Rajasthan
 Total major salt producing states
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State Percentage
Gujarat 70%
Tamilnadu 15%
Rajasthan 12%

5. Salt consumption world wide
 The second largest user of salt is mankind itself
 Human need about 30% of the total salt produce to support their
physiological functions and eating habits
 About 10% of salt is needed for road de-icing, water treatment,
production of cooling brines and many other
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Salt user Salt consumption
Chemical industry 60%
Food 30%
other 10%

6. Distribution and consumption of salt in India
Year Human
Consumption
Indusrial
Consumption
Exports Total
Consumption
2011-12 59.67 112.89 37.71 210.27
2012-13 59.08 114.38 50.04 223.50
2013-14 55.43 110.05 59.61 225.09
6
Sector wise consumption of salt ( in lakh tonnes )

7. Salt industry in India
 The production of salt during 1997 was 1.9 million tones
which has increased ten fold to record 22.18 million
 There are about 13000 salt manufactures engaged in
production of common salt in an extend of about 5.50
lakh acres in the country
 Average annual production of salt in India is 215.80 lakh
tones was recorded
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8. Cont…
 Private sector plays a dominant role contributing over 95% of the salt
production
 There are about 10,107 salt works, mostly in small sector engaged in
production of salt
 Total area under salt production is about 5 lakh acres
 Salt manufacturing activities provide direct employments to about 1
lakh persons per day
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9. Main source of salt in India
Sea
brine
Lake
brine
Sub-soil
brine
Rock
salt
deposits
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10. State wise production of common salt in the country
No State 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014
(Upto Nov)
1 Andhra Pradesh 298.8 305.1 403.3 343.9
2 Gujarat 14515.3 17018.6 19423.9 12368.3
3 Karnataka 13.9 13.0 14.5 10.8
4 Maharashtra 179.9 155.2 160.4 113.4
5 Odisha 14.1 9.6 33.8 19.3
6 Rajasthan 1428.0 2188.9 1824.9 1182.3
7 Tamilnadu 2143.8 2477.4 2670.3 2437.7
8 West Bengal 12.6 9.2 13.9 9.7
9 Goa 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.4
10 Diu and Damam 0.4 0.1 0 0
11 Himachal Pradesh 1.2 O 0 0
Total 18610.1 22179.1 24546.9 16486.8
10(Fig. in ‘000 ton)

11. Marine salt works along the coast of India 11
Gujarat
Jamanagar
Mithapur
Chira
Bhavanagar
Rajula
Dahej
Gandhidham
Kandala
Maliya
Lavanpur
Tamilnadu
Tuticorin
Vedaranyam
Covelong
Andhr Pradesh
Chinnaganjam
Iskapalli
Krishnapatanam
Kakinada
Naupada
Maharashtra
Bhandup
Bhayandar
Palghar
Orissa
Ganjam
sumadi
West Bengal
Contai

12. Cont…
 Inland salt works : In Rajasthan using lake brine and sub-
soil brine – Sambhar lake, Nawa, Rajas, Kuchhaman,
Sujangarh and Phalodi
 Salt works in rann of Kutch : using sub-soil brine
Kharaghoda, Dhrangadhra, Santalpur
 Rock salt deposits : at Mandi in the state of Himachal
Pradesh
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13. Sector wise salt production
Public sector 95%
Privet sector 2-3%
Co-operative sector 8%
Small scale sector 40%
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14. Salt industry in Gujarat
1 Salt producing districts 15
2 Salt manufacturing units 2320
3 Land under salt cultivation Acre 425168
4 Salt iodization plant 294
5 Salt refineries 31
6 Soda ash plants 5
7 Large salt manufacturing units 9
8 Public / joint sector units 2
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15. Government of India’s role in development of salt industry
 Salt is central subject in the constitution of India and appears as item
no. 58 0f the Union list of the 7th schedule, which reads:
a. Manufacture, supply and distribution of salt by Union agencies
b. Regulation and control of manufacture, supply and distribution of salt
by other agencies
 Central Government is responsible for controlling all aspects of salt
industry
 Government of India is entrusted with the Ministry of Commerce and
Industry (Department of Industrial Policy & promotion)
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16. Iodized salt
 With a view to ensure universal access of iodized salt for
the prevention and control of goiter and other iodine
deficiency disorder in the country
 Salt department has granted permission to more than 878
salt iodized units with an annual installed capacity of 112
lakh tones
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17. Transport
 Average 55% of edible salt is transported by rail from
production centres, remaining quantity moves by road
and waterway
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18. Opportunities
 Export of common salt and iodised salt is permitted under
open general license
 Exported mainly to Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Malasia,
Nepal, Bhutan etc
 India has for the first time exported 32,500 tones of common
salt to the US during December 2002, creating a history of
sorts
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19. Cont…
 Availability of manpower
 wind power – largest coastal line of Gujarat has potential
to generate 5000 MW the salt industry can make use of
this energy jointly through associations
 Availability of good major and minor ports as well as of
good anchor points
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20. Present status
 The salt department is under the ministry of commerce and
industry and is headed by the salt commissioner of India
 The duty on salt was abolished from 1st April, 1947
 The Indian salt association is an apex body of Indian salt
manufacturers
 There is ‘central salt and marine chemical research institute’
Bhavanagar in Gujarat
 Their main function is to help salt industry through their research
work
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21. Future prospects
 Indian salt industry is targeting production of 40 million
tons salt by 2020 to meet its domestic requirement of 25
million tons
 An export about 10 million ton salt
 It can be achived by effective utilization of the available 6.1
lakh acre land and increasing productivity using modern
technology
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22. Conclusions
 Export contracts were signed at 35-40 million tonned
 Low salt prices are currently ruling higher by Rs 100 to Rs 150 than
the previous year’s Rs 600-800 a tonned
 As per labour report on employment scenario, manufacturing
sector added an estimated 89000 jobs in the 2017-18
 Cumulative foreign direct investment (FDI) in India’s manufacturing
sector reached US$73.70 billion during December 2017
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