1. Child and adolescent development involves physical, cognitive, social, and emotional growth from conception through adolescence. 2. Sigmund Freud proposed five stages of psychosexual development defined by the erogenous zone that is the source of pleasurable sensations for the child. 3. Lawrence Kohlberg identified three levels of moral development - preconventional, conventional, and postconventional - each with two stages involving views on obedience to rules and social order. 4. Development proceeds through distinct stages of infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, late childhood, and adolescence characterized by changes in physical, cognitive, social, and emotional domains.

1. CHILD AND ADOLESCENT
DEVELOPMENT
KRISTEL ANNE CARZA

2. BASIC CONCEPT
• Growth
• Development
• Maturation
• Heredity
• Environment
• Stages of development
• Developmental task

3. PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT
1. Human growth and development is based on a combination of
genetics and environment
2. Growth follows an orderly sequence
3. Each stage of development has characteristics traits
4. Maturation or readiness should precede certain typres of learning
5. The body tends to maintain a state of equilibrium called
homeostasis
6. Development rates vary
7. Growth is patterned

4. DOMAINS OF DEVELOPMENT

5. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
SIGMUND FREUD

6. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
1. Oral Stage 4. Latency Stage
• Birth to 1 year - 3 – 6 years old
• Erogenous zone: mouth - erogenous zone: genitals

7. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
1. Oral Stage 4. Latency Stage
• Birth to 1 year - 3 – 6 years old
• Erogenous zone: mouth - erogenous zone: genitals
2. Anal stage 5. Genital stage
• 1 year – 3 years old - 12 - onwards
• Erogenous zone: anal - Oedipus complex are rdirected toward
3. Latency stage other persons of opposite sex
• 6 – 12 year old
• Child sec x instincts are suprressed

8. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
1. Oral Stage 4. Latency Stage
• Birth to 1 year - 3 – 6 years old
• Erogenous zone: mouth - erogenous zone: genitals
2. Anal stage 5. Genital stage
• 1 year – 3 years old - 12 - onwards
• Erogenous zone: anal - Oedipus complex are rdirected toward
3. Phallic Stage other persons of opposite sex
• 3 – 6 year old
• Erogenous zone: Genitals

9. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
1. Oral Stage 4. Latency Stage
• Birth to 1 year - 6- 12 years old
• Erogenous zone: mouth - Child sex instincts are suppressed
2. Anal stage 5. Genital stage
• 1 year – 3 years old - 12 - onwards
• Erogenous zone: anal - Oedipus complex are redirected
3. Phallic stage toward other persons of opposite sex
• 3 - 12 years old
• Erogenous zone: Genitals

10. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
1. Oral Stage 4. Latency Stage
• Birth to 1 year - 6- 12 years old
• Erogenous zone: mouth - Child sex instincts are suppressed
2. Anal stage 5. Genital stage
• 1 year – 3 years old - 12 - onwards
• Erogenous zone: anal - Oedipus complex are redirected
3. Phallic stage toward other persons of opposite sex
• 3 - 12 years old
• Erogenous zone: Genitals

11. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
1. Oral Stage 4. Latency Stage
• Birth to 1 year - 6- 12 years old
• Erogenous zone: mouth - Child sex instincts are suppressed
2. Anal stage 5. Genital stage
• 1 year – 3 years old - 12 - onwards
• Erogenous zone: anal - Oedipus complex are redirected
3. Phallic stage toward other persons of opposite sex
• 3 - 12 years old
• Erogenous zone: Genitals

12. PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
ERIK ERICKSON

22. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

28. BEHAVIORIST THEORY OF
DEVELOPMENT

31. MORAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG

33. LEVEL 1:PRECONVENTIONAL MORALITY
0-9YEARS
Stage 1: Punishment

34. LEVEL 1: PRECONVENTIONAL MORALITY
0-9YEARS
Stage 2: Instrumental Relativist Orientation

35. LEVEL 2: CONVENTIONAL MORALITY
9-20YEARS
Stage 3: Good boy – Nice girl Orientation

36. LEVEL 2: CONVENTIONAL MORALITY
9-20YEARS
Stage 4: Law and order orientation

37. LEVEL 3: POSTCONVENTIONAL MORALITY
AFTER AGE 20
Stage 5: Social orientation

38. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
PRENATAL STAGE
• Germinal Period (zygote period) 0-2 weeks
• Embryotic Stage 2 weeks- 2 months
• Fetal stage 2 months –birth

39. • Physical Development: (birth-12 months)
- rapid changes in weight height, hearing and sensitivity to
sounds; patterned perception begins
- Learns to crawl, walk, talk, take solid food, have refined grip
• Radical adjustments with in the external environment, such in
- temperature change
-breathing
-sucking and swallowing
-elimination
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
INFANCY STAGE

40. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Physical characteristics (3-6 years)

41. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Social characteristics (3-6 years)

42. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Emotional characteristics (3-6 years)

43. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Cognitive characteristics (3-6 years)

44. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Moral characteristics (3-6 years)

45. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
Physical characteristics (6-9 years)

46. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
Social characteristics (6-9 years)
• More selective in choosing friends
• Tend to be overly concerned with rules
• Quarrels are still frequent although words are used
more often

47. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
Emotional characteristics (6-9 years)
• Sensitive to criticism and ridicule and may have
difficulty in adjusting to failure
• Most eager to please the teacher
• Beginning to become more sensitive to the feelings
of others

48. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
Cognitive characteristics (6-9 years)
• Eager to learn
• Have much facility in speech than in writing
• Generate generalization but based only in concreate
experiences

49. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
Moral characteristics (6-9 years)
• Tendency to tell on their classmates, due to jealousy
or simply to get attention or favor

50. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
LATE CHILDHOOD
Physical characteristics (9-12 years)
• Fine motor coordination is quite good, manipulation
of small objects is easy and enjoyable
• Curiosity and concern about sex are prevalent
because drastic biological adjustments occurs

51. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
LATE CHILDHOOD
Social characteristics (9-12 years)
• Peer groups becomes powerful
• Increase development of interpersonal reasoning
leads to greater understanding of other’s feelings

52. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
LATE CHILDHOOD
Emotional characteristics (9-12 years)
• Disrupted behavior may be manifested
• Some may show maladaptive behavior
depression, bedwetting, excessive tears, eating
disorder, withdrawal

53. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
LATE CHILDHOOD
Cognitive characteristics (9-12 years)
• Sex differences in specific abilities decrease in
number and magnitude
• Difference in cognitive styles becomes apparent
• May be able to deal with abstraction but may still
need to generalized from concreate experince

54. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
ADOLESCENCE
Cognitive Characteristics(12-16 years)
• Have increased ability to engage in mental
manipulations and test hypothesis
• Thinking becomes more abstract, liberal, and
knowledgeable

55. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
ADOLESCENCE
Social Characteristics(12-16 years)
• Peer group becomes general source of behavior
• Desire for greater independence shown
• Great desire to conform is at its peak

56. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
ADOLESCENCE
Emotional Characteristics(12-16 years)
• Some but not all have feelings of confusion, anxiety,
extreme mood swings, and low level of self
confidence

58. **images are downloaded from google images