2. Why we go for Wi - Fi
Data Transfer rate is about 250-600 Mbps
Coverage Distance is about 100m.
Here More number of devices can be connected
( Depending upon the Router ) whereas in
Bluetooth only 7 devices are supported for
transmission
3. Definition of Wi - Fi
It is a Wireless Technology that uses “ Radio
Waves” to provide high speed Internet Access.
It has no physical cables like Coaxial, UTP, STP
etc.
4. Built In Wireless Transmitter
The Pc’s and Laptops which are available
today all have Built In Wireless Transmitter.
(i.e. It is very easy to connect to a Wi – Fi ).
If the Pc’s and Laptops does not have a Built
In Wireless Transmitter, the Wi-Fi can be
accessed by using Wi- Fi Dongle which should
be connected in any USB ports.
6. Hotspot
The area or location where a Wi – Fi access is
available is called a Hotspot.
7. SSID
An SSID is the name of a wireless local area
network (WLAN).
All wireless devices on a WLAN must employ
the same SSID in order to communicate with
each other.
SSID is a 32 alphanumeric character unique
identifier.
8. Types of 802.11
a) 802.11 a -> It can support upto a data rate of
54 Mbps.
b) 802.11 b -> It is the low speed version of Wi-
Fi. It supports upto a speed of 11 Mbps.
9. Types of 802.11
c) 802.11 n -> It can support upto a data rate of
110 Mbps. It is a Backward Compatible and
Forward Compatible one.
Backward Compatible is defined as suppose if
the Wi – Fi Dongle is designed for Windows 8
OS, the same Dongle must also supports
Windows 7, Windows XP, Linux, Fedora OS.
10. Types of 802.11
d) 802.11 AC
-> It was introduced in the year 2013.
-> It can support upto a data rate of 450
Mbps.
-> It is also a Backward Compatible one.
11. Access Point
It is a device that allows Wireless devices to
connect to wired network.
It is also called as a Base Station because it
transmit and receive signal from it.
It also provides Security Mechanisms so that
only Authenticated users can able to access
the Network.
12. Access Point
-> The data rate of Access Point depends upon
the number of users using the network (i.e.
Data rate is shared amongst all the users)
( Ex) If the data rate speed of Access Point is 10
Mbps, suppose if there are 5 users are there
each will get 2 Mbps data rate.
13. Access Point
-> A single Access Point can support upto a
maximum of 20-25 users ( or) clients at a time.
-> If the number of users are increasing the data
rate is going to be greatly reduced.
15. Explanation
B is called the Access Point ( otherwise called a
Base Station).
A, C and D are within the range of Access Point.
Suppose if A wants to access the channel and at
the same time C wants to access the same
channel, A doesn’t knows C and C doesn’t knows
A.
B can provide channel to any one either A or C.
17. RTS, CTS and NAV
RTS -> Request to Send ( I capture the
channel)
CTS -> Clear to Send ( I don’t hear any other
requests you can use my channel).
NAV -> Negative Allocation Vector ( Keeps
other Station Quiet).
21. Architecture of Wi - Fi
Each computer, mobile, portable or fixed, is
referred to as a station in 802.11
When two or more stations come together to
communicate with each other, they form a
Basic Service Set (BSS).
22. Architecture of Wi - Fi
A BSS that stands alone and is not connected
to a base station ( or ) Access Point is called
an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS).
Two or more BSS's are interconnected using a
Distribution System or DS. Entry to the DS is
accomplished with the use of Access Points
(AP).
23. Architecture of Wi - Fi
A Portal is the logical integration between
wired LANs and 802.11.
All data going to an 802.11 LAN from an 802.X
LAN must pass through a portal.
24. Security Measures in Wi - Fi
1) Media Access Control Address Filtering
It never asks any password to authendicate to
wi – fi access, instead all the Machine Address
are registered first, so that only registered
users can access the network others not.
25. Security Measures in Wi - Fi
2) Wired Equivalent Privacy ( WEP)
The goal of WEP is to make Wireless network a
more secure one.
Types of WEP
a) OFF -> No security Mechanisms is provided
here. (i.e.) Everyone can access the Wi-Fi
network without any Authentication
mechanism.
26. Security Measures in Wi - Fi
b) 128 Bit
Client sends an Authentication request to
Access Point (i.e. Username and Password )
If the Client request matches it sends a
positive reply to your device to you to access
to the network.
27. Pros of Wi - Fi
The Internet access can be accessed
anywhere where the wi fi signalexists.
Low cost when compared to wired network.
Wi – Fi is compatible with all OS.
Simple Setup.
28. Cons of Wi - Fi
Security is the greatest disadvantage in
Wireless network.
Scalability is the main problem ( i.e.) The
number of users are limited here to use the
Wi- Fi.
Coverage distance of an Access Point is very
low here.