TYPES OF ETHERNET

1. Ethernet

2. What is Ethernet Cable ?
It is one of the most popular forms of network
cable used on wired networks.
It is used to connect PC, Switches etc.
It was introduced in the year 1980.

3. Ethernet Address
 Each station on an Ethernet network (such as
a PC) has its own Network Interface Card
(NIC). The Ethernet (or) Physical address can
be find by “ipconfig/all”
 The Ethernet address is of 6 bytes.
(Ex)

4. Types of Ethernet Address
Unicast – If there exists a Point To Point (or)
there are only 2 systems are communicating
each other.
Multicast - A multicast destination address
defines a group of addresses; the relationship
between the sender and the receivers is one-
to-many.

5. How to find Unicast or Multicast
4A:30:10:21:1O:1A - look at the second
hexadecimal digit from the left. If it is even,
the address is unicast.
47:20:1B:2E:08:EE - If it is odd, the address is
multicast.

6. Various Types of Ethernet Cable
1) 10 Base 2
2) 10Base 5
3) 10 Base T
4) 10 Base Fx
5) 100 Base 2
6) 100 Base 5
7) 100 Base T
8) 100 Base Tx
9) 100 Base Fx

7. 10 Base 2

8. 10 Base 2 Explanation
 The second implementation is called lOBase2,
thin Ethernet.
 It uses a bus topology, but the cable is much
thinner and more flexible.
 However, the length of each segment cannot
exceed 185 m (close to 200 m).

9. 10 Base T

10. 10 Base T Explanation
 Ethernet. 1OBase-T uses star topology.
 These cable are connected to switches.
The maximum length of the twisted cable here
is defined as 100 m.

11. 10 Base F

12. 10 Base F Explanation
 The most commonly used Ethernet Cable is
called 10Base-F.
 1OBase-F uses a star topology.

13. Fast Ethernet
 The cable which “can carry a data rate speed
upto 100 Mbps” is called Fast Ethernet.
 Types of Fast Ethernet are
a) 100 Base T4
b) 100 Base Tx
c) 100 Base F

14. 100 Base TX
 For this Cat 5 is used .
 It can support a data rate upto 100 m.
 It supports Star Topology.
 It consists of 2 pairs of Twisted Pair Cable.

15. 100 Base T4
 The 4 in 100 base T4 denotes, it consists of
four Twisted Copper Cables. (i.e. one for
transmitting one for receiving and 2 are
connected to a Switch).
 Usually Cat 3 cables are used for 100 Base T4.

16. 100 Base Fx
 It uses Fibre Optic Cable to transmit the data.
 The length of the cable is about 410 m.
 A1OOBase-TX network can provide a data
rate of 100 Mbps.
 It requires the use of category 5 UTP or STP
cable.
 The cost is more when compared to others.

17. Gigabit Ethernet
It supports a maximum rate of 1 Gbps.
Gigabit Ethernet supports Cat 5e cable and Cat 6
Cables.
It also supports Backward Compatibility (i.e. It
also supports 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps).

18. Cat 5e Cable
 It is a Backward Compatibility Cable (i.e It can
support 10 , 100 and 1000 Mbps).
 Cross Talk have been reduced by means of
twisting the cable further.
 If there exists more Bandwidth information
carrying capacity will be high. The Bandwidth
of Cat 5e cable is about 350MHz.

19. Types of Gigabit Ethernet

20. 1000 Base CX
 It was the firstly created standard for Gigabit
Ethernet, where the cable length is only about
25m.
 The cable length is so small so it can supports
high data rate.

21. 1000 Base SX
 The term “sx” stands for short Fibre Optic
cable.
 1000 Base x Consists of 2 pairs of Twisted pair
cables.
 The cable length is about 550m.

22. 1000 Base LX
 The term ‘lx’ stands for long fibre optic
cables.
 The cable length extends upto 550m –
5000m.
 1000 Base x Consists of 2 pairs of Twisted pair
cables.

23. 1000 Base T
 It consists of 4 wires, each wire carries 250
Mbps.
 The length of the cable is about 100m.
 It uses Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable ( UTP).

24. Full Duplex Mode
 In full-duplex mode, there is a central switch
connected to all computers or other switches.
In this mode, each switch has multiple Input
and Output ports for transmitting data.

25. Half Duplex Mode
 Gigabit Ethernet can also be used in half-
duplex mode, although it is rare.
 In this case, a switch can be replaced by a hub
for transmitting data.

26. Pros of Ethernet Cable
1) Speed -> 100 Mbps for Fast Ethernet
1000 Mbps for Gigabit Ethernet
2) Very Reliable one (i.e.) It is more secure than
Wireless Networks.

27. Cons of Ethernet Cable
1) The cable can be used for short distance. It
can’t be used for a kilometer.
2) If the cable runs for longer length Crosstalk
will occur.
3) Installation cost is more (i.e.) It require
cable, switches, routers, bubs etc in order to
connect to a network.