Agricultural Nursery Establishment and Management

JUPITE MARK U. BANAYAG, L.Agr
Agriculture Department
Compostela Valley State College- Main Campus
PLANT NURSERY ESTABLISHMENT
AND MANAGEMENT
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SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
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• Factors to be considered in site
selection
• Peace and order condition
• Cropping systems of farmers in the locality
and in the neighboring provinces
• Source of water
• Source of seeds, media and other materials
• Availability of skilled laborer
• History and present situation of the site
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Site Selection Criteria

A. Elevated Area – 100% Not Flooded
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B. Road Accessibility
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Using a well and pump to supply water
C. NEAR WATER SUPPLY
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Using a bore and pump to supply water.
C. NEAR WATER SUPPLY
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D. FAR OF FALLING OBJECTS/ TREES
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Ideally, the nursery will be 100 meters or more from mature
cocoa trees.
E. Source of Scion/ Bud Stick

F. Work planning area and record keeping
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NURSERY CONSTRUCTION

Remove trees, rubbish, and other obstacles.
Nursery Construction
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If necessary plow the land then level it off.
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A level nursery facilitates good management.
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POST, BAMBOO, CONCRETE, TUBES ETC.
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Using timber poles as framework
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Using bamboo poles as framework, with wire
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Using concrete posts and wire as framework
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Using pruned trees as framework
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SHADING – LOCAL LEAVES, FISHNET(BLACK),
UV PE Film (Rain Shelter) (60-80% Shade)
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SEEDLING MATTING:USED CARPETS,
THICK CELOPHANES, ETC.
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Provide 2m access path through center
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Install drains and drain outlets
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Use ropes to mark out nursery beds and
access pathways
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Example of well planned, designed and constructed
nursery
8 bags per nursery bed, with 40cm gap between beds.
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FENCE – BAMBOO, NET, ETC.
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SEEDLING PREPARATION

• 10% dried manure and
• 10% organic matter
• 80% of the sieved soil.
• It is important to break the soil up and sieve out
stones and large lumps.
• Loamy to sandy loam soils are the most suitable
as they provide the best medium in terms of
physical property for raising seedlings
Soil Based Potting Mixes
Seedling Preparation
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Using a cement mixer to mix the potting
mixture properly
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Potting mixture covered with plastic sheeting for solarization
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• Use 8” x 10” or 8” x 12” black polyethylene bags.
• The bags should be properly perforated to avoid
accumulation of excess water.
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Bag filling with potting mixture.
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Arranging the Seedbags by 1,000’s
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SEEDS SOWING (PUTTING INTO THE SEEDBAGS)
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SEEDS SOWING (PUTTING INTO THE BED)
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Seeds Covering (Seedbags)
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2 WEEKS
STAGES OF SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT
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1 MONTH
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2 MONTHS

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4 MONTHS

• Lanzones and Citrus Seedlings
• Seedlings are ready for grafting in 8-10 months
• Durian and Mango
• Seedlings are ready for grafting in 6 to 8 months
• Cacao
• Seedlings are ready for grafting in 3 to 5 months
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OR IT REACHES PENCIL SIZE

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SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT

1. Deciding what to produce and how. What
plants to be propagated and how to produce.
Procurement of seeds, planting, raising of
seedlings, and asexual propagation.
2. Using land. Accessibility of the land to the
passing public. The future and expansion of
the business. The source of resources such
as soil media and other related needs should
be considered.
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TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES

3. Determining labor requirements. Availability
of manpower, skilled laborers or trainers in
case of unavailable skilled workers..
4. Determining scale of production. The
quantity to be produced should be
considered.
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TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES

1. Acquiring inputs. Own product, rent or lease or
hire? From where or whom? When and how
long? The quality and quality of the needed
materials such as soil media and containers.
How it will be financed? Loan or own capital?
2. Marketing products. Open markets? Contract?
Direct buyers? Pick-up or deliver to a certain
point.
3. Forecasting price. Forecasting the prices of
inputs and products.
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COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES

1. Using funds. Consider the amount to be
used and payback period.
2. Forecasting future needs. Consider the
depreciation of assets, expansion of the
project. Expansion means additional capital.
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FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES

1. Keeping production records
2. Keeping production records
3. Recording business transaction
4. Tax reporting
5. Filing documents with government (e.g.
business permit)
6. Recording business transaction. Recording
the sales and expenses of the project
according to accounting procedures.
7. Reporting. Making of monthly reports.
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ACCOUNTING ACTIVITIES

• Assess the performance of the project, its
financial standing and technical aspects.
• Assess the performance of the laborers.
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EVALUATION

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ACTIVITIES APPLIED TO
NURSERY

1. Determining the
2. Planning
3. Organizing
4. Control and coordination
5. Employee motivation, evaluation and
rewards
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MANAGERIAL ACTIVITIES

• 1. Determining the goals – to the production
aspect, it is the production goal ; to the
marketing aspect, it is the sales objective; to
the owner, it is the profit.
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• 2. Planning – It is for the future; Done to
accomplish the objectives; Manager consults
with advisers; Manager should decide the best
action based on the available information.
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• 3. Organizing – this include the organization of
physical facilities; the functional organization
and the legal organization (proprietorship,
partnership, and corporation)
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• 4. Control and coordination – Control relates
to activities within the unit coordination relates
to the activities between units.
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• 5. Employee motivation, evaluation and
rewards – the words like well done, good
work, excellent are simple evaluation but can
help the management.
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1. Procurement of materials
2. Construction of shed or/and
buildings
3. Construction of greenhouses
and germinating chambers
4. Planting
5. Sowing
6. Bagging
7. Weeding
8. Spraying
9. Fencing
10.Pricking
11.Watering
12. Arrangement of pots/bags
13.Budding
14.Air layering
15.Grafting
16.Balling
17.Pruning
18.Follow-up activities after
budding and grafting (looping,
removal of new shoots from the
stock)
19.Rebagging
20.Air layering
21.Maintaining a scion grove
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES IN THE NURSERY

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NURSERY TOOLS, SUPPLIES
AND MATERIALS.

Office Building
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NURSERY FACILITIES

• Storage facility
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NURSERY FACILITIES

Green House
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NURSERY FACILITIES

Germinating Chambers
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NURSERY FACILITIES

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SUPPLIES, MATERIALS A NEEDED IN
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF NURSERY

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SUPPLIES AND MATERIALS
1. Chemicals ( fertilizers,
insecticides, fungicide,
herbicide)
2. Compost
3. Potting materials
4. Sprayer
5. Wheelbarrow
6. Trowel (Pointing, brick
and hand)
7. Bolo
8. Grasshook
9. Budding knife
10.Oil stone
11.Hammer
12.Cultivator
13.Garden Rake
14.Spade
15.Shovel
16.Spading Fork
17.Pruning Shear
18.Garden Hoe
19.Measuring Tape
20.Hand Saw
21.Try Square
22.Single Bit Ax
23.Wood and flooring chisel

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SUPPLIES AND MATERIALS

PREPARING FOR WORK
• Work and storage areas are cleaned, sanitized and
secured.
• Tools, materials and equipment used are cleaned,
freed from contaminations
• Personal hygiene are observed according to OHS
procedures.
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1. Dr. Raymundo L. Guariño. Plant Propagation and Nursery
Management Manual. USEP-Tagum City
2. Brown, L. V. 2002. Applied Principles of Horticultural
Science. Second Edition. Butterworth-Heinemann. MA
3. Cadiz, Nina M. Rooting Hormones: Concepts, Physiology
and Practical Applications. Introduced during the” Training
Program on Clonal Propagation of Forest Tree Species
Using Micro and Macro Techniques” Tagum City. 2002
4. Cadiz, Rafael T., Henry V. Liwanag and Eduardo C.
Calceta. Hedge Garden Establishment and Management
for the Production of Orthotropic Shoots. Introduced
during the” Training Program on Clonal Propagation of
Forest Tree Species Using Micro and Macro Techniques”
Tagum City. 2002
5. Cooper, Elmer and L. Devere Burton. 2002. Agriscience
Fundamentals and Applications. Third Edition
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Credits/ References

6. Cooper, Elmer L. 1997. Agriculture Mechanics
Fundamentals and application. Third Edition. Delmar
Publisher.USA
7. Davidson, Harold, Roy Mecklenburg and Curtis Peterson.
1994. Nursery Management. Third Edition. Prentice Hall
Career and Technology. NJ
8. Herren, Ray V. 1997. The Science of Agriculture: a
Biological Approach. Delmar Publishers. Columbia
9. Osburn, Donald D. and Kenneth C. Schneeberger. 1978.
Modern Agriculture Management. Reston Publishing Co.,
Virginia
10. Pava, H. M. and A. L. Abellanosa. 2003. Introduction to
Crop Science. Third Edition. 222 karats Printing and
Publishing House. Cagayan de Oro City
11. Ryugo, Kay. 1988. Fruit Culture: Its Science and Art. John
Wiley and Sons. New York
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Credits/ References

• The content provided in this presentation is for information/
educational purpose only and not for commercial use. The
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DISCLAIMER
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Agricultural Nursery Establishment and Management

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