2. The USA does not have a national system of
education. All educational matters are left to
states. 50 per cent of funds for education
come from state sources, about 40 from local
funds, and only 6 per cent from the federal
government.
There are two major
types of schools in
the USA— public
which are free, and
private, or fee-
paying. Four of five
private schools are
run by churches and
other religious
groups.
3. Elementary education starts at the age of 6 and
continues till 10-11 years. Secondary education
is provided from the age 11 — 12. Intermediate
school includes grades 6 through 9 for ages 11-
12 up to 14—15. A senior high school may
include grades 9—10 through 12. A senior high
school may be comprehensive, general or
vocational. A comprehensive school offers a
broad program of academic and vocational
education, a general school offers a more
limited program. A vocational school focuses
on vocational training
with some general
educational subjects.
All such programs —
academic, technical,
or practical are
generally taught under
one roof.
4. The School System
A child´s educational progress is divided into
•elementary school (grade 1 to grade 5 or 6)
•middle school or junior high (up to grade 8 or 9)
•high school or senior high (up to grade 12)
5. Electives Common types of electives include:
• Athletics (cross country, football, baseball, basketball, track and field, swimming,
tennis, gymnastics, water polo, soccer, softball, wrestling, cheerleading, volleyball,
lacrosse, ice hockey, field hockey, crew, boxing, skiing/snowboarding, golf,
mountain biking, marching band)
• Career and Technical Education, including Agriculture/Agriscience,
Business/Marketing, Family and Consumer Science, Health occupations
• Computer word processing, programming, and graphic design
• Foreign languages (Spanish and French are common; Chinese, Latin, Ancient
Greek, German, Italian, and Japanese are less common)[49]
• Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps
• Performing Arts/Visual Arts, (choir, band, orchestra, drama, art, ceramics,
photography, and dance)
• Publishing, including journalism/student newspaper, yearbook/annual, and literary
magazine
6. Nevertheless, many students of high school
don't finish it. 1 per cent of American
citizens at the age of 14 can neither read, nor
write. High school students who wish to
attend a college or a university go through
one of the two standard tests — SAT
(Scholastic Aptitude Test) and ACT
(American College Test). They are given by
non-profit, non-governmental
organizations.
7. There are several ways to continue in
education: universities, colleges, community
colleges, and technical and vocational
schools. A university in the USA usually
consists of several colleges; each college
specializes in a subject area. There are
colleges of liberal arts, colleges of education
and business colleges. A program for
undergraduates usually takes four years.
After that, students may leave the university
or go on for a graduate or professional
degree
8. College students usually spend four years at
the college, too, and get the Bachelor's
degree. In contrast to universities, colleges
don't have graduate or professional
programs. Colleges in the USA differ greatly
in size — they may include from 100
students to 5000 and more. Most of the
larger
institutions fall
into the
category of
universities,
the largest being
the University of
California, State
university of
New York, New
York university,
Columbia
University and
others.
9. Americans place a high value on education. That's why
Kennedy said, "Our progress as a nation can be no swifter
than our progress in education".
10.
11. STATE PRIVATE (PUBLIC)
SCHOOLS SCHOOLS
( 90% ) (10 %)
3 stages of education:
PRIMARY (5-11)
SECONDARY (11-16)
FURTHER (16-18)
14. A lot of people think that school uniforms in
England are for the children from rich families at
the country’s best public schools. But it is not
always true. In fact, uniforms first came to
schools for the poor because they were cheaper.
Today a lot of British schools have uniforms.
SCHOOL TIE
“To be true to your school tie” –
«Быть верным своему школьному галстуку».
Это означает, что и через много лет после
окончания школы выпускники сохраняют
верность своим школьным друзьям. Для
выпускников престижных частных школ
такой галстук является не только символом
дружбы и взаимопомощи, но и пропуском в
общество самых известных и влиятельных
людей страны.
15. A* - Excellent
A – Very good
B – Good
C – Satisfactory
D – Poor
E – Very poor
F – Awful
16. English schools offer a wide range of extracurricular activities
( school orchestra, music ensembles, sports, and etc. )
17. 7 % of British schoolchildren go to
the private schools. Parents pay for
these schools. The most famous
schools are called public schools and
they have long history and
traditions. Children of wealthy or
aristocratic families often go to the
same public schools as their parents
and grandparents. The teachers of
the private schools pay personal
attention to each pupil. Boys and
girls don’t study together at these
schools.
Eton College –the most famous
English all boys public school.
18. COLLEGES
Some 16 years pupils go
to colleges of further
education to study for
more practical diplomas.
6th FORM COLLEGES
They prepare pupils for a
national exam called
“A” level (advanced level)
at 18. Children need
“A” level to enter a university.
19. UNIVERSITIES COLLEGES
POLYTECHNICS MAGISTRACY
They accept students with A-levels from 18. The oldest and the most
famous universities are Oxford and Cambridge.
