This document discusses the interrelation and interdependence of biological science with other school subjects. It states that biology has two main sub branches - zoology and botany. It then explores the relationships between biological science and other domains like chemistry, physics, geography, mathematics, statistics, and sociology. Various examples are provided to illustrate how principles from these other fields are applied in biological research and study. The conclusion emphasizes that teaching different subjects in an interconnected way helps students' overall development.

1. Interrelation & Interdependence
of Biological Science
with other School Subjects
Presented by,
Juin Mondal
Roll No. : .......................

2. Introduction:
The word ‘Science’ has been derived from the Latin
word Scientia-meaning knowledge. “Bios”-meaning living and
“Logos”- meaning discourse.Biology has been further divided
into 2 Sub branches:Zoology & Botany/Phytology.
• The word “zoology” has been derived from two
Greek words
Zoon-Animals, Logos-DiscourseThe word
• “Botany” has been derived from Greek
words:
Botane-Meaning herbs

3. History:
• In ancient times, there was no distinction of biology and other
sciences. Different fields of sciences like biology, chemistry,
physics and mathematics are met together in the writings of
ancient scientists. With the passage of time, the science
developed very much and
the huge scientific knowledge was then divided
into different branches. However even today
the interrelationship of these branches
cannot be denied.

4. What is Biological Science?
Biological sciences is the study of life, which focuses on
living organisms and their interactions with each other and
with their physical and chemical environments.

5. Relation with Chemistry:
• Body of all living organisms s made up of organic and inorganic compounds,
dissolved in water.
• All the metabolic activities inside the body of living beings involve chemical
reactions and chemical changes.
• Genetic materials DNA and RNA are also chemicals.Enzymes and hormones
produced in the body of living organisms are also exclusively chemicals.

6. • Acid-base equilibrium in a cell maintains the pH of the
protoplasm for proper functioning.
• Molecules move in and out of the cells by diffusion and osmosis.
• Surface tension and capillarity produced due to cohesive and
adhesive force of liquids also help in certain life processes.

7. Relation with Physics:
• Biological instruments such as microscopes, X-rays, ECG etc. are based on
the principles of physics.
• Light induces various effects on living organisms.
• Study on the structure and functioning of human eye require knowledge of
optics.
• Physical techniques such as: electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction,
fractionation, Chromatography etc. have made possible the study of finer
details of cellular and sub-cellular
components.

8. Relation with Geography:
• Distribution of plants and animals vary different geographical factors.
e.g. Climate, altitude, temperature, etc.
• The patterns of species distribution across geographical areas can usually be
explained through a combination of historical factors such
as: speciation, extinction, continental drift, and glaciation.
• Through observing the geographic distribution of species, we can see associated
variations in sea-level, river routes, habitat, and river capture.

9. Relation with Mathematics and Statistics:
• mathematics is important in understanding genetics and
mutations.
• Census of wild animals is based on application of mathematical
and statistical applications. Such applications are helpful in data
compilation and analysis of living organisms.
• The complex networks of gene interactions, proteins, and
signaling between cells and the abiotic
environment is probably incomprehensible
without innovative mathematical structure.

10. • Understanding Brain-behavior relationship is a complex system
problem which might require modification in the current
mathematical approaches.
• Monitor living systems to detect large deviations such as natural
or induced epidemics or physiological or ecological pathologies
(Weinstein et al., 1997).
• Appropriate statistical tools need to be developed to model
multi-level biological data.

11. Relation with Sociology:
• Study of human behavior, social relationship and antisocial
relationships needs idea of biological science.
• For example, investigation on criminals and terrorists requires the
study of human nervous system and study of glands, hormones, etc.
• It also requires the knowledge of principles of inheritance, pedigree
analysis, etc.

12. Few more subjects, combining biological science with
other subjects:
• Biophysics. It deals with the study of the principles of physics,
which are applicable to biological phenomena
• Biochemistry. It deals with the study of the chemistry of
different compounds and processes occurring in living organisms.

13. • Bio-mathematics. It deals with the study of biological processes using
mathematical techniques and tools. It has both practical and theoretical
applications in biological research
• Bio-geography. It studies the occurrence and distribution of different
species of living organisms in different geographical regions of the world.
Bio-economics. It studies the organisms from economical point of view.

14. Conclusion:
While imparting knowledge of one subject, teacher gets much
help in communicating his ideas if he makes use of examples
or reference of concepts covered by other subjects. As
known that for over all development of the students, various
subjects are being included in the curriculum. All the subjects
are included in the curriculum which is found to be
complementary to each other, as the main objective of all of
them is to achieve set objective of education that is to bring
about over all development of the students.

15. References:
• Coelho SM, Peters AF, Charrier B, et al. (2007). "Complex life cycles of multicellular
eukaryotes: new approaches based on the use of model organisms". Gene. 406 (1–2)
• Vassiliki Betta Smocovitis (1996) Unifying Biology: the evolutionary synthesis and
evolutionary biology. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-03343-9.
• Packard, Alpheus Spring (1901). Lamarck, the founder of Evolution: his life and work with
translations of his writings on organic evolution. New York: Longmans, Green. ISBN 0-
405-12562-3
• Edwards, Katrina. Microbiology of a Sediment Pond and the Underlying Young, Cold,Hydrologically
Active Ridge Flank. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Websites:
https://en.wikipedia.org
https://biology.duke.edu
https://www.sciencedaily.com
https://biology.about.com

16. Thank you... !!