2. Define words using
description
01
Infer the meaning of idiomatic
expressions using context clues
02
Use proper subject-verb
agreement for gerunds, infinitives,
and compound subjects
03
Use polite expressions in
expressing preferences
04
Write a restaurant review
05
Learning Outcomes
6. The Guest
When you go to a restaurant, what is the first
thing that you order and why?
7. REVIEW
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
1. Enumerate the historical figures mentioned in the story. What is their
significance to the story?
2. What can you say about the man’s behavior when dining?
3. How did people react when the man started talking to the empty chair?
4. What happened to the man at the end of the story?
5. Who is the man’s guest at the end of the story? Explain your answer.
10. EXPLO
RE
Idioms
• phrases that have a figurative
meaning
• used not just in literary texts
but also in everyday life
• can add appeal to our
sentences
Idiom Literal Meaning Figurative Meaning Sample Sentence
cold
shoulder
a body part that is
low in temperature
to treat in an
unfriendly way
Mariana gave the woodcutter
the cold shoulder because of
what he did.
a stitch in
time
prompt sewing up
of a small tear in a
piece of material
things we do to
prevent future
problems
The community started planting
trees to lessen the flooding
problems of future generations.
That’s really a stitch in time.
13. OBSERVE
Subject-Verb Agreement of Gerunds
and Infinitives
2. Infinitives are composed of the
preposition to followed by the base
form of the verb. When used as the
subject of the sentence, an infinitive
takes a singular verb.
To reuse materials helps reduce
the waste that we produce.
To recycle old newspapers is both
a profitable hobby and a way of
helping the environment.
1. Gerunds are -ing verbs that function as
nouns in the sentence. A gerund takes a
singular verb.
Reusing materials helps reduce the
waste that we produce.
Recycling old newspapers is what I do to
manage waste in the community.
14. OBSERVE
Subject-Verb Agreement for Compound
Subjects and Subjects with Intervening
Phrases
You need to remember that sometimes
nouns may refer to the same person.
The secretary and treasurer
attends the meeting. (Just one
person)
1. Compound subjects connected by and
take plural verbs.
Plastic and glass are examples of non-
biodegradable materials.
Food wasteand some paper waste are
examples of biodegradable materials.
Dancing and singing were her
favorite hobbies before
she discovered
the joys of hiking.
15. OBSERVE
2. Words such as along with, as well as, besides,
together with, in addition to, and except separate the
subject from the verb. They do not affect
the subject-verb agreement.
Ardee, together with his classmates, thinks
that their visit to the museum is cool.
The tourist guide, along with the teachers,
tells the students about
the artifacts in the
museum.
3. For subjects connected by either/or
or neither/nor, the verb agrees with
the subject closest to it.
3. Neither my friends nor my sister is
willing to help me write my essay on
sustainable energy.
4. Either Joel or Clarice is reporting about
green technology in architecture.
Subject-Verb Agreement for Compound
Subjects and Subjects with Intervening
Phrases
18. TALK Polite expressions to use when
expressing your preference for
something:
I prefer ...
I’d rather ... than ...
I don’t like ... as much as ...
I like ... more than ...
When giving justifications for your preference, you can give
reasons or mention some examples.
I prefer studying on my own because I get to
focus on my lessons.
I’d rather learn how to play the violin than the
piano for I can practice playing the violin
anywhere.
I don’t like the countryside as much as the city
since it is too quiet and peaceful in the country.
19. TALK
Take note of these reminders
when you listen to other people
share their preferences.
• Do not interrupt them. Wait for the other
person to finish talking.
• Do not make fun of the other person’s
preferences if they do not match what
you like. This is very rude.
• Do not force the other person to agree
with your own preferences.
20. Choose one topic below, and discuss it with a
partner. Make sure to use polite expressions
when talking about your preferences and
justifications.
• What makes a good leader: someone who knows
how to follow rules or someone who has authority
in making decisions?
• After you finish college what do you prefer to do:
work immediately or study for a higher degree?
• If you have free time, which activity would you
prefer: read a book or watch TV?
TALK
21. WRITE In writing a restaurant review, you need to take note of
some particular guidelines:
• Comment on the food.
Is it cooked properly? How does it taste like? Among the
food you ordered, which did you like best and why?
• Comment on the service.
Are the restaurant staff friendly and accommodating? Was
the service quick and efficient? Did the staff pay attention to
the customer’s orders?
• Comment on the overall experience.
Is the restaurant clean and organized? Do the design and
the decoration contribute to the theme of the restaurant?
• Give a recommendation.
If someone were to visit the restaurant, what should he or
she order? What should he or she avoid?
Write a one-paragraph review of your favorite
restaurant. Use gerunds and infinitives in some
of your sentences and make sure to observe
correct subject-verb agreement in all your
sentences.
22. Form a group then report on the dining
etiquette of three countries. Choose the
countries from the list below.
1. Argentina 5. France
2. Bangladesh 6. Greece
3. Cambodia 7. India
4. Egypt 8. Mexico
ACT
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Editor's Notes
Good day, class! I hope all of you are fine in this wonderful day.
Today we will be reading a story that happens in a restaurant. Let’s see what we can learn as we read.
But before we begin, we must first familiarize ourselves with our learning outcomes.
This means that, at the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
Define words using description
Infer the meaning of idiomatic expressions using context clues
Use proper subject-verb agreement for gerunds, infinitives, and compound subjects
Use polite expressions in expressing preferences
Write a restaurant review
Okay! Is everyone ready? Let’s…
… START!
In your worktexts, you’ll find a pre-reading activity. Identify the synonym of each word. Choose the correct word from the box and write it on the given blank.
(Have the students do the activity.)
Is everyone done? Good job! Now, after the pre-reading activity, it’s time to…
… READ!
When you go to a restaurant, what is the first thing that you order and why?
(Let the children answer.)
In “The Guest,” the man orders something before anything else. What does he order? Can you make a guess?
(Let the children answer.)
Let’s find out in the story if there was anything unusual about the character’s order.
(Afterwards…)
Very good, class! Now, let’s see if you understand the story well. Answer the given questions in complete sentences.
(Have the students answer the REVIEW questions.)
Now, in your worktexts, you’ll find a QR code. Scan it and watch the video. Afterward, answer the following questions.
(Have the students answer the questions.)
Very good, everyone! Let’s move on…
In the last lesson, we talked about figures of speech used in poems and other literary texts. Do you remember what a figure of speech is?
(Let the children answer.)
You’re right! A figure of speech is an expression that does not have a literal meaning. Today we will learn about another kind of expressions that also have a figurative meaning.
Does anyone know what idioms are?
Let’s EXPLORE further.
Stories make use of idioms or idiomatic expressions. Idioms are phrases that have a figurative meaning. Idioms are not only found in stories. People also use them in their everyday lives.
Idioms can add appeal to our sentences. Let’s take the following examples.
The phrase, “cold shoulder” may only refer to “a body part that is low in temperature.” However, as an idiom, it means “to treat someone in an unfriendly way.”
(Ask a volunteer to read the first sample sentence.)
The idiom “a stitch in time” literally means “prompt sewing up of a small tear in a piece of material. But figuratively, it is used to describe things that we do to prevent future problems.
(Ask a volunteer to read the second sample sentence.)
Do you know of other idioms you may have read or heard in the past?
(Let children share idioms they know and ask them the literal and figurative meanings of the expressions.)
Let’s learn more idioms through our activity. Determine the meaning of the idiom in each sentence. Encircle the letter of your answer.
(Have the students do the activity.)
Very good, everyone!
Do you remember our previous lesson on subject-verb agreement for pronouns, and also for numbers, money, and mass nouns? Well this time, we will study subject-verb agreement for other kinds of nouns.
Let’s observe...
Let’s look at rules on the subject-verb agreement of gerunds and infinitives.
Do you know what gerunds are?
Gerunds are -ing verbs that function as nouns in the sentence. A gerund takes a singular verb. Let’s study the sample sentences.
(Have volunteers read the sample sentences.)
How about infinitives? Do you know what they are?
Infinitives are composed of the preposition to followed by the base form of the verb. When used as the subject of the sentence, an infinitive takes a singular verb. Look at the sample sentences.
(Have volunteers read the sample sentences.)
Now let’s look at the subject-verb agreement for compound subjects. Do you remember what compound subjects are?
(Let the children answer.)
Correct! A compound subject is formed when a sentence has more than one subject per verb.
Compound subjects connected by and take plural verbs.
(Let volunteers reach the sample sentences.)
You need to remember that sometimes, nouns may refer to the same person.
(Have a volunteer read the sample sentence.)
But, when the secretary and the treasurer are two different people, use a plural verb.
Now let’s look at the subject-verb agreement for subjects with intervening phrases.
Words such as along with, as well as, besides, together with, in addition to, and except separate the subject from the verb. They do not affect the subject-verb agreement.
(Have some volunteers read the sample sentences.)
For subjects connected by either/or or neither/nor, the verb agrees with the subject closest to it.
(Have some volunteers read the sample sentences.)
Now, it’s your turn!
Underline the verb that agrees with the subject.
(Have the students do the activity.)
Good job, everyone!
Do you remember a time when you were offered something but you preferred something else? How did you express yourself?
(Let the children answer and share their experiences.)
When you express your preference for something, you give reasons and justifications for your choice to make other people understand you better. Like in all conversations, it is important to always be polite. In doing so, you may use the following expressions:
(Let the children read the expressions.)
When giving justifications for your preference, you can give reasons or mention some examples.
(Let the children read the examples.)
Take note of these reminders when you listen to other people share their preferences.
(Ask for volunteers to read each bullet point and discuss the reminder with them.)
Now let’s do an activity. Choose one of the given topics, and discuss it with a partner. Make sure to use polite expressions when talking about your preferences and justifications.
(Have the students do the activity. Ask several pairs to share what they have talked with their partner.)
Great work, class! Everyone did well.
Have you ever been asked to review the food and experience after eating in a restaurant? Do you know the purpose of a restaurant review?
(Let the children answer.)
For our writing activity, we will do a restaurant review. But first let’s take note of certain guidelines.
(Ask for volunteers to read each bullet point and discuss the given questions with the class.)
Now you are ready to write the restaurant review. Write a one-paragraph review of your favorite restaurant. Use gerunds and infinitives in some of your sentences and make sure to observe correct subject-verb agreement in all your sentences.
Good job, everyone!
For our final activity for this lesson, you will form a group then report on the dining etiquette of three countries. Choose the countries from the given list.
(Have the students do the activity.)
Wow! Everyone did great!
We have finally reached the end of our lesson. Thank you all so much for participating in our class.
I wish to see you all in our next lesson with the same enthusiasm as you have shown me today.
Until next time. Goodbye!
