Summary of using generative AI in the classroom

1. Using Generative AI in the
Classroom

2. Agenda [120 min]
● Opener [5 min]
● Review Objectives [2 min]
● What is Generative AI?
● How do I access it?
● How does it differ from a search
engine?
● What are some things it can do?
● Practice 1: Using Chat GPT to
Summarize
● Practice 2: Using Chat GPT as an
example machine
● Practice 3: Planning a PBL Unit
with Bard
● Practice 4: Using Chat GPT to
Write Driving Questions
● Discussion
● Wrapping up, Exit Ticket [8 min]

3. What is generative AI?
Generative artificial intelligence or generative AI is a type of
artificial intelligence system capable of generating text,
images, or other media in response to prompts.
Generative AI models learn the patterns and structure of
their input training data, and then generate new data that has
similar characteristics. (Wikipedia)

4. How do large language models work?

5. https://platform.openai.com/playground

6. Have you ever spoken with a chatbot?
6
Chatbots are everywhere
Siri Alexa
A textbox on your
computer screen

7. How a Chatbot works
What is the weather like today in
Boston?
Can you put together an outfit
idea which would also work for
school?
It appears to be a low of 20
degrees and a high of 35 degrees
with changes of snow!
You could go with warm leggings,
long sleeves, a comfortable
sweater, coat and gloves. You can
choose many layers so you can
remove some indoors an be
comfortable in school.
Okay, thank you.
A chatbot uses large
language models to
generate human-like
dialogue.
7

8. What is a Large Language Model
Once upon a ___ time
city
way
pizza
80%
10%
0.3%
0.005%
Probability it’s the
best next word
A large language model is a computer program that learns to predict which words
usually follow which. For example, let’s say a large language model is given a sentence
“Once upon a ___". The word it would learn is most likely to follow next is “time”.
Possible next
word
8

9. How was ChatGPT made?
9
1. Learn language
2. Learn
conversation
3. Learn
conversation that
humans like

10. Creating the Dataset
10

11. Large Language Model (GPT-3)
ChatGPT is fed chunks words, paragraphs and sentences from BILLIONS of sources on the
internet:
● articles, magazines, scientific papers,
● Twitter
● Wikipedia
● Blogs.
It learns to create new sentences and paragraphs from all these examples of language online.
11
The Dataset For ChatGPT

12. Creating the Dataset
12
Look at LOTS
of text -
billions of
web pages,
books, blogs,
etc.
“Clean” that
text -
remove a lot
of profanity
Split the text
into chunks
within words -
i.e. “biggest”
becomes “big”,
“est”, etc.
These chunks
are the input to
our learning
algorithm

13. Learning Algorithm Part 1:
Which Words Follow Which
13
1. Learn language

14. Which Words Follow Which - Learning Process (simplified)
14
Once
Upon
A
Neural
Network
Aha! The next
word is “Pizza”
Update Values in the
networks to do better
next time
Actually the text
says “time”, “once
upon a time”

15. Which Words Follow Which - Learning Process (more
complex)
15
Once
Upon
A
Neural
Network
Part
1
-
converts
words
into
vectors
Neural
Network
Part
N
Aha! The next
word is “Pizza”
Update Values in the
networks to do better
next time
Actually the text
says “time”, “once
upon a time”
[Next word chunk
probabilities]
(many
more
neural
network
layers in
between
…)

16. Once upon a time, a child went to the forest and got lost.
They tried to find their way out.
They search their way back.
They ate a pizza alone.
They did not meet their friends in school.
80%
10%
8%
0.3
%
The language model can then write sentences, paragraphs and even
pages based on words or sentences they are given.
Which Words Follow Which - After Learning
16
Probability it’s the
best next sentence
Possible next sentence

17. Learning Algorithm Part 2:
Understanding Conversation Patterns
17
1. Learn language
2. Learn
conversation

18. Input
Output
What are some ways to make schools
accessible for people with disabilities?
What are some ways to achieve this?
Some ways to make schools accessible are:
1. Providing ASL experts for students with
hearing impairments.
2. Providing ramps for students who use the
wheelchairs
3. Providing speech therapists for students
with speech needs.
You can begin with working with
accessibility experts and the school
administration to include changes in the
school’s construction policies, recruitment
and curriculum development.
Now, we get ChatGPT to learn the patterns of conversations. Before, it saw text of all
kinds - now, we give it data that is specifically made up of texting conversations,
comment threads, etc. that real people have had. We feed it the first part of the
conversation. Then, we ask it for a prediction of what the next text/comment should be.
18
Understanding Conversation Patterns

19. Understanding Conversation Patterns
19
“What are some ways to make
schools accessible for people
with disabilities?”
“Some ways to make schools
accessible are: …”
“What are some ways to
achieve this?”
Neural
Network
Aha! The next
reply is “pizza”.
Update Values in the
networks to do better
next time
Actually it’s:
“You can begin with
working with
accessibility
experts…”

20. Learning Algorithm Part 3:
Conversation Practice with Human Feedback
20
1. Learn language
2. Learn
conversation
3. Learn
conversation that
humans like

21. Conversation Practice with Human Feedback
You can learn many new
languages.
A
You can practice a new
language with your friends.
B D
Spanish is a language
similar to English.
How can I start learning a new
language?
You can learn using
learning applications like
Duolingo.
C
To talk to humans even better, ChatGPT is trained AGAIN using a process called
Reinforcement Learning. First, ChatGPT gives several possible responses to a text
from a human…
21

22. Conversation Practice with Human Feedback
You can learn many new
languages.
A
You can practice a new
language with your friends.
B
You can learn using
learning applications like
Duolingo.
C
Spanish is a language
similar to English.
D
How can I start learning a new
language?
Human
feedback
> > >
C
“I think C is the best answer of the
options given.”
…and then that human rates the responses from most relevant to least relevant response.
ChatGPT learns to reward patterns of language it sees in the most likely response, and de-
prioritize patterns in the least likely one. This makes the model better at generating dialogue in
the future. 22

23. After ALL OF THAT TRAINING…
1. Dataset - BILLIONS of web pages
2. Learning
a) Which words follow which
b) Understanding Conversation Patterns
i) I.e., which texts follow which
c) Conversation Practice with Human Feedback
23

24. We have… ChatGPT!
24

25. Tokens are the basic units of text or code that an LLM AI uses to process and
generate language. Tokens can be characters, words, subwords, or other
segments of text or code, depending on the chosen tokenization method or
scheme.
The token limit is the maximum number of tokens that can be used in the prompt and
the completion from the model. Most LLMs have token limits, which refer to the
maximum number of tokens that the model can process at once. The token limit is
determined by the architecture of the model.Apr 19, 2023
.
https://platform.openai.com/playground
Large Language Model Parameters

26. Top p, also known as nucleus sampling, is another configuration hyperparameter
that controls the randomness of language model output. It sets a threshold
probability and selects the top tokens whose cumulative probability exceeds the
threshold. The model then randomly samples from this set of tokens to generate
output.
Temperature is a configuration hyperparameter that controls the randomness of
language model output.
https://platform.openai.com/playground
Large Language Model Parameters

27. https://platform.openai.com/playground/p/default-summarize?model=text-davinci-003

28. Accessing ChatGPT
Chat GPT from Open AI
https://chat.openai.com/
Free version generally
available; paid
version(GPT Plus)
guarantees access plus
more advanced
features(GPT-4)

29. https://chat.openai.com/

30. Bard(Google)
https://bard.google.com/
Meet Bard: your creative and helpful collaborator, here to
supercharge your imagination, boost your productivity, and bring
your ideas to life.
Bard is an experiment and may give inaccurate or inappropriate
responses. You can help make Bard better by leaving feedback.
Join the waitlist and try it for yourself.

31. Bard Overview for Educators
https://www.controlaltachieve.com/2023/04/google-bard-
overview-for-educators.html

32. What are differences between generative AI
and a search engine?
1. Chatbots are more conversational. When you interact with a
chatbot, you can have a natural conversation with it. You can ask
questions, make requests, and provide feedback in a way that feels
like you're talking to a real person.
This can be helpful for tasks that require more explanation or
understanding, such as customer service or booking appointments.

33. Generative AI remembers the whole conversation….

34. What are differences between generative AI and a
search engine?
Just as in a conversation with a human person, you can
ask follow-up questions to get more exactly what you are
looking for, and it remembers earlier parts of the
conversation.

35. Prompt Engineering
https://www.promptingguide.ai/introduction/tips
The Instruction
You can design effective prompts for various simple tasks by using commands
to instruct the model what you want to achieve, such as "Write", "Classify",
"Summarize", "Translate", "Order", etc.

36. Objectives

38. 2. How to use ChatGPT to create Lesson Plans (2:11)
3. How to use ChatGPT for Vocabulary lists (3:10)
5. How to Teach something using ChatGPT 4:40
6. How to use ChatGPT to create Worksheets. 5:52
14. Ask ChatGPT to Produce Posters 9:12
15. Ask ChatGPT to create Questions and Answer Keys 9:36
16. Ask ChatGPT to Create Discussion Prompts 9:47
17. Ask ChatGPT to create IEP Goals for teaching 10:05
18. Ask ChatGPT to write Quizzes, Tests on specific Topics 10:30
28. Ask ChatGPT to generate Word Problems for Math 14:34
37. Ask ChatGPT to Brainstorm Ideas 16:47
42. Use ChatGPT to create Flashcards 18:23

39. What are ways that K-
12 teachers can use
Chat-GPT or Bard in
the classroom?

40. What are ways that K-12 teachers can use Chat-GPT
or Bard in the classroom?
Writing prompts: Chat-GPT can generate writing prompts for students
to develop their writing skills. Teachers can enter a topic or theme, and
Chat-GPT can generate a variety of prompts for students to choose
from.
These can also include sentence stems, questions, etc.
Storytelling: Chat-GPT can help students create and develop
stories. Teachers can ask Chat-GPT to provide a sentence or two to
start a story, and students can continue the story from there.

41. Optional to watch

42. Using Bard to Summarize a long Web Page:
Chat GPT or Google Bard can be used to summarize text or longer
videos.
(1) Prompt to summarize a web page: Hey please summarize this
for me in 4 sentences: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChatGPT

43. Summarizing Content- Example
Sure, here is a summary of the Wikipedia article "ChatGPT" in 4 sentences:
● ChatGPT is an AI chatbot developed by OpenAI in 2022.
● It is based on the GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 language models.
● ChatGPT can hold conversations, generate text, and translate
languages.
● It has been criticized for its factual accuracy, but it has also been
praised for its ability to generate creative text formats.
I hope this is helpful!

44. Hey Please summarize this in three
sentences: https://youtu.be/Wl-TJyPKu_s Title:
The effects of social media on teenagers
Please summarize this video: URL of Video , Title: Title of
video

45. Summarizing Content
Sure, here is a summary of the YouTube video "The effects of social media
on teenagers" in three sentences:
● Social media can have both positive and negative effects on
teenagers.
● Positive effects include increased communication, social connection,
and self-expression.
● Negative effects include cyberbullying, unrealistic expectations, and
addiction.
The video goes on to discuss the various ways in which social media can
impact teenagers, both positively a

46. Summarizing Content using Chat GPT Chrome
Extension
Summarize Chrome Extension:
https://chrome.google.com/webstore/
Add Chrome extension, right-click to summarize
Disadvantage: Cannot specify details, such as length or grade level

47. Summarizing Content with Chrome Extension

48. Can it replace
human tutors?
KhanMigo- Personalized tutorials
https://www.khanacademy.org/khan-labs

49. Challenge #1: Using Chat GPT, Bard, or
the Chat GPT “Summarize” Chrome
extension,create a 100-word summary of a
long Wikipedia Article

50. Follow-up: Refine the length and grade level
of the response to 50 words and a third-
grade level

51. Challenge 2: Ask Chat GPT to :
write four possible driving questions
for a PBL Unit, specifying the grade
level and topic

52. A driving question should include:
■ Who is responsible?(Individual/team/whole class)
■ The Audience(teacher/students in school/general public)
■ The specific challenge or problem being addressed
■ Should be an 'open' question, allowing for multiple valid
solutions.

53. Driving Question Examples
2nd Grade:
1. How can we, as 2nd grade community helpers, create and give 3rd graders
something to sell at the Farmers Market?
2. How can we, as concerned 2nd graders, promote everyone to do Acts of
Kindness around our community and across the world?
3. How can we, as future genius’, discover our passion and use it to make the
world a better place?
4. Ho w can we, as jr. entrepreneurs, choose, design, and run our own business
so that we can spend, save, and share our profits?

54. Writing a driving question
After each response, ask two follow-up
questions with additional details

55. Challenge #3: Ask Bard or Chat GPT to create 5 review
questions for a algebra test on linear equations.

56. Challenge #4: Ask GPT-3 to :
Create four sentence stems related to a Grade 3 science
project.

57. Challenge #5: Create a Quiz with 10
questions on the topic of potential
and kinetic energy at a 4th grade
level

58. Challenge #6: Brainstorm___
Ideas about____at a ____grade
level

59. Challenge #7: Create 10 flashcards
to review key historical dates in the
American Revolution

60. Challenge #8: Change the reading
level of a passage

61. Challenge #9: Translate a lesson
into Portuguese

62. Challenge #11: Generate discussion
questions for a 9th grade class on
effects of social media

63. Challenge #12: Generate a 10 word
vocabulary list for a 4th grade unit
on the solar system

65. How do we assess students in
the age of AI?
https://spencerauthor.com/ai-
assessment/

66. Ethical Issues in AI in the classroom
● Is it cheating?
● Use for evil purposes?
● What does plagiarism mean in the age
of AI?
● Bias in AI Models
● Gameification

67. Ethical Issues and Generative AI
1. Misinformation and plagiarism. Generative AI can be used to create false or
misleading information that is presented as fact. This could lead to students
being misinformed or misled. Additionally, generative AI can be used to generate
content that is plagiarized from other sources. This could have serious
consequences for students, as they could be accused of academic dishonesty.
1. Bias and discrimination. Generative AI models are trained on data that reflects
the biases of the real world. This means that the content generated by these
models can be biased, and could perpetuate harmful stereotypes. For example, a
generative AI model that is trained on a dataset of news articles about crime
might be more likely to generate text that describes criminals as being male,
black, and young.

68. Ethical Issues and Generative AI
1. Privacy and security. Generative AI models can be used to generate realistic and
convincing content, including images, videos, and audio. This raises concerns
about privacy and security, as this content could be used to impersonate real
people or to create harmful content. For example, a generative AI model could
be used to create a realistic deepfake of a politician, which could then be used
to spread misinformation or to damage the politician's reputation.
1. Intellectual property. Generative AI models can be used to create new content
that is protected by copyright. This raises concerns about intellectual property,
as it is not always clear who owns the rights to the content generated by these
models. For example, a student might use a generative AI model to generate a
piece of creative writing, and then claim that they own the copyright to this work.

69. Reflect
Complete the reflection in this padlet.
Then complete the following exit ticket.

70. Reflect
Complete the reflection in this padlet.
Then complete the following exit ticket.

71. Resources
7 Ways Teachers Can Harness the Power of AI for
Learning https://youtu.be/Gd7HcJY8U2s
How ChatGPT and similar AI will disrupt
education
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/chatgpt-
ai-artificial-intelligence-education-cheating-
accuracy

72. Resources
KhanMigo
https://support.khanacademy.org/hc/en-
us/community/posts/13992414612877-Introducing-
Khanmigo-
GPT-4 Khan Academy In Depth Demo
https://youtu.be/rnIgnS8Susg