A presentation on the status of resource development in B.C.

1. Push Back Against Negative Voices
• WITHOUT MINING WE HUMANS WOULD BE BACK IN THE STONE AGE.
November 1, 2012
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John A Chapman

2. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• "This is my long‐run forecast in brief: The material conditions of life will continue to
get better for most people, in most countries, most of the time, indefinitely. Within a
century or two, all nations and most of humanity will be at or above today’s Western
living standards. I also speculate, however, that many people will continue to think
and say that the conditions of life are getting worse." JULIAN SIMON
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John A Chapman

3. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• GEORGIUS AGRICOLA IN HIS “DE RE METALLICA” PUBLISHED IN 1556 STATED,
“Inasmuch as the chief callings are those of money lender, the soldier, the merchant,
the farmer, and miner, I say, inasmuch as usury is odious, while the spoil cruelly
captured from the people innocent of wrong is wicked in the sight of God and man,
and inasmuch as the calling of the miner excels in honor and dignity that of the
merchant trading for lucre, while it is not less noble though far more profitable than
agriculture, who can fail to realize that mining is a calling of peculiar dignity.”
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John A Chapman

4. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• IN THIS 2.0 HOUR PRESENTATION I WILL DISCUSS THE OPPORTUNITIES AND
CHALLENGES RELATED TO MINERAL EXPLORATION AND MINE
DEVELOPMENT/OPERATIONS IN THE BURNS LAKE REGION OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. I
WILL ALSO STRESS THE IMPORTANCE OF RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO OUR B.C. AND
CANADIAN ECONOMIES.
• THIS PRESENTATION DISCUSSES THE MINERAL RESOURCES IN THE BURNS LAKE REGION
AND THE OPPORTUNITY FOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT, AS WELL AS THE RELATED NEEDS
FOR (1) LOW‐COST RELIABLE ELECTRIC ENERGY, (2) ELIMINATION OF EXCESSIVE AND
REDUNDANT ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS AND TAXES, (3) COMMON‐SENSE ON
CLIMATE CHANGE, AND (4) A PUSH‐BACK AGAINST THE GROUPS THAT ARE
STRANGLING MINE DEVELOPMENT.
• IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE PEOPLE OF BURNS LAKE EMBRACE ALL ASPECTS OF
RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT INCLUDING PIPELINES, POWERLINES, HIGHWAYS,
RAILWAYS, FORESTRY AND MINING IN ORDER TO CREATE AND SUSTAIN A CRITICAL
MASS TO FACILITATE INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND A POSITIVE BASE FOR
FUTURE SUCCESSFUL GENERAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT. I HAVE ATTEMPTED IN THIS
PRESENTATION TO PROVIDE SOME SCIENTIFIC COMMON SENSE TO AS MANY ASPECTS
OF THESE DEVELOPMENTS AS POSSIBLE.
• IN MY OPINION, IF A DEVELOPMENT IS GOOD FOR CANADA THEN IT SHOULD GO
AHEAD NO MATTER WHERE IT IS LOCATED IN THE COUNTRY – LAST TIME I CHECKED
BURNS LAKE WAS STILL PART OF CANADA.
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John A Chapman

5. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THERE IS EXCELLENT MINERAL DISCOVERY POTENTIAL IN THE BURNS LAKE REGION OF
BRITISH COLUMBIA (B.C.) – HOWEVER, SOME SIGNIFICANT HUMAN FACTORS
NEGATIVELY IMPACT DEVELOPMENT.
• CONTINUATION OF A STRONG MINING INDUSTRY IN B.C. AND CANADA IS ESSENTIAL
TO OUR ECONOMIC WELL BEING.
• EVERY REGION OF B.C. SHOULD PLAY ITS PART IN SUPPORTING A STRONG MINING
INDUSTRY.
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John A Chapman

6. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• I AM 70 YEARS OLD, BORN AND RAISED IN B.C., AND I AM VERY CONCERNED FOR
B.C.’S FUTURE VIABILITY IN A COMPETITIVE WORLD. I BELIEVE THAT IT IS ONE OF
GOVERNMENT’S PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITIES TO CREATE AND MAINTAIN A POSITIVE
FISCAL, REGULATORY AND INFRASTRUCTURE FRAMEWORK IN WHICH BUSINESS,
INCLUDING MINING, CAN THRIVE AND CREATE WEALTH FOR SHAREHOLDERS, B.C.
RESIDENTS AND CANADIAN CITIZENS ALIKE.
• THERE ARE SERIOUS SOCIAL EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT SUCH AS SUBSTANCE
ABUSE, DEPRESSION, LOSS OF SELF ESTEEM, SPOUSAL ABUSE, ETC. WE REQUIRE
MORE LONG‐TERM, HIGH‐PAYING, HIGH‐MULTIPLE RESOURCE JOBS IN B.C.
• ALL POINTS AND VIEWS IN THIS PRESENTATION ARE MY OWN – I REPRESENT NO
OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY.
• "Truth and technology will triumph over bullshit and bureaucracy." Rene Anselmo
(space pioneer)
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John A Chapman

7. Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE IMPORTANCE OF MINERALS (INCLUDING HYDROCARBONS) AND METALS IS AMPLY
November 1, 2012
DEMONSTRATED WHEN WE LOOK AROUND US – AT THE PRODUCTS WE USE AND DEPEND UPON
IN OUR EVERYDAY LIVES.
• IMPORTANT MINERALS AND METALS USES INCLUDE NOT ONLY THOSE SHOWN ON THE GRAPHICS
BUT ALSO PAPER PRODUCTS AND PLASTICS THAT MOST OFTEN CONTAIN A LARGE PERCENTAGE
OF FUNCTIONAL AND NONFUNCTIONAL FILLERS (TALC, CLAYS, MICAS, ETC.). IN ADDITION, ALL OF
THE FOOD WE CONSUME IS PLANTED, HARVESTED, TRANSPORTED, PROCESSED, AND MARKETED
(FROM STORES) THAT DEPEND UPON A VAST ARRAY OF MINED MATERIALS (FARM MACHINERY,
PAVED ROADS, FORKLIFTS, TRUCKS, PROCESSING PLANT EQUIPMENT, BUILDING MATERIALS, ETC).
• BELIEVE IT OR NOT, THERE ARE QUITE A FEW PEOPLE THAT BELIEVE MINING IS NOT IMPORTANT.
THEY TYPICALLY SAY THIS AND THEN TURN AROUND AND CHECK THEIR EMAIL ON A COMPUTER,
THAT USES SILICON CHIPS, WITH METAL HEAT SINKS, AND COPPER OR GOLD INTERCONNECTIONS,
AND RUNS ON POWER, OF WHICH 40% OF COMES FROM COAL. THERE IS AN OLD SAYING "IF IT'S
NOT GROWN, IT'S MINED." VIRTUALLY EVERYTHING WE USE IN OUR EVERYDAY LIVES REQUIRES
MINING. EVEN MOST OF THE FOOD WE EAT WAS GROWN WITH FERTILIZERS WHICH ARE MADE UP
OF MINERALS THAT ARE MINED. SO IT IS ODD TO THINK THAT JUST BECAUSE THE PICTURES MOST
OF US SEE IN OUR HEADS WHEN WE FIRST THINK OF MINING ARE THOSE OLD, BLACK AND WHITE
PHOTOS OF MINING 100 YEARS AGO ‐ TODAY, MINING IS ONE OF THE MOST HIGH‐TECH
INDUSTRIES IN THE WORLD USING GPS, REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEMS, AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS,
COMPUTERS, SOPHISTICATED AND PRODUCTIVE MOBILE MINING MACHINES AND INTEGRATED
HIGH‐TECHNOLOGY PROCESSING PLANTS.
• FERTILIZERS TYPICALLY PROVIDE, IN VARYING PROPORTIONS: THE THREE PRIMARY
MACRONUTRIENTS: NITROGEN (N), PHOSPHORUS (P), AND POTASSIUM (K). THE THREE
SECONDARY MACRONUTRIENTS: CALCIUM (CA), SULFUR (S), MAGNESIUM (MG) AND THE
MICRONUTRIENTS OR TRACE MINERALS: BORON (B), CHLORINE (CL), MANGANESE (MN), IRON
(FE), ZINC (ZN), COPPER (CU), MOLYBDENUM (MO) AND SELENIUM (SE).
• IF MINING WAS ELIMINATED WE HUMANS WOULD BE RIGHT BACK TO THE STONE AGE.
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John A Chapman

8. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• “OUR SPECIES NEEDS, AND DESERVES, A CITIZENRY WITH MINDS WIDE AWAKE AND A
BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THE WORLD WORKS.” CARL SAGAN
• "Far better it is to dare mighty things, to win glorious triumphs, even though
checkered by failure, than to take rank with those poor spirits who neither enjoy nor
suffer much, because they live in that gray twilight that knows no victory nor defeat."
THEODORE ROOSEVELT.
• “Those worlds in space are as countless as all the grains of sands on all the beaches of
the earth ‐ and each of those worlds is as real as ours. In every one of them there is a
succession of incidences, events, occurrences which influence its future ‐ countless
worlds, numberless moments, an immensity of space and time. Here on our small
planet at this moment we face a critical branch point in history. What we do with our
world right now will propagate down through the centuries and powerfully affect the
destiny of our descendants. It is well within our power to destroy our civilization and
perhaps our species as well. If we capitulate to superstition or greed, or stupidity, we
can plunge our world into a darkness deeper than the time between the collapse of
classical civilization and the Italian Renaissance. But we are also capable of using our
compassion and our intelligence, our technology and our wealth, to make an
abundant and meaningful life for every inhabitant of this planet ‐ to enhance
enormously our understanding of the universe and carry us to the stars.” CARL
SAGAN’S COSMOS ‐ TRAVELS IN SPACE AND TIME (EPISODE 8), 1989.
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John A Chapman

9. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE PACIFIC RING OF FIRE (OR JUST THE RING OF FIRE) IS AN AREA WHERE A LARGE NUMBER OF
EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS OCCUR IN THE BASIN OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN. IN A 40,000
KM (25,000 MI) HORSESHOE SHAPE, IT IS ASSOCIATED WITH A NEARLY CONTINUOUS SERIES OF
OCEANIC TRENCHES, VOLCANIC ARCS, AND VOLCANIC BELTS AND/OR PLATE MOVEMENTS. THE RING
OF FIRE HAS 452 VOLCANOES AND IS HOME TO OVER 75% OF THE WORLD'S ACTIVE AND DORMANT
VOLCANOES. IT IS SOMETIMES CALLED THE CIRCUM‐PACIFIC BELT OR THE CIRCUM‐PACIFIC SEISMIC
BELT.
• THE RING OF FIRE IS THE BIRTHPLACE OF MANY OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST MINERAL DEPOSITS –
INCLUDING CLATHRATE DEPOSITS (METHANE HYDRATE). ACCORDING TO THE USGS METHANE
HYDRATE, IN THE OCEAN (BELOW 300M) AND IN HIGH LATITUDE PERMAFROST, CONTAINS ~2 TIMES
MORE CARBON THAN ALL OF THE KNOWN AND EXTRACTED OIL, GAS AND COAL (HYDROCARBONS) ON
EARTH. OIL SPILLS, BIG (WWII) AND SMALL, ON LAND AND IN WATER, ARE CONSUMED BY MICROBES,
SEE: HTTP://WWW.SCIENTIFICAMERICAN.COM/ARTICLE.CFM?ID=GULF‐OIL‐EATING‐MICROBES‐SLIDE‐SHOW
• LARGE VOLCANOGENIC MASSIVE SULFIDE DEPOSITS (VMS) FORM AT HOT BLACK SMOKER VENTS ON
THE OCEAN FLOOR. BRITANNIA MINE'S WORLD CLASS OREBODY (AT BRITANNIA B.C) WAS FORMED AS
A BLACK SMOKER ON THE SEA FLOOR AND THEN WAS ACCRETED ONTO THE NORTH AMERICAN
CONTINENT VIA CONTINENTAL DRIFT; SUBSEQUENTLY "DISCOVERED" AND MINED. THESE BLACK
SMOKERS POUR OUT MILLIONS OF LITRES OF HOT ACID WATERS, LADEN WITH METALS (MLARD) INTO
THE OCEANS OF THE WORLD EVERY DAY. THERE IS A VERY ACTIVE FIELD OF BLACK SMOKERS OFF THE
WEST COAST OF B.C. SEE: HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/BLACK_SMOKER FOR GENERAL
INFORMATION ON THIS IMPORTANT ORE FORMING PROCESS.
• VERY LARGE PORPHYRY COPPER/MOLYBDENUM/GOLD/SILVER DEPOSITS (SEVERAL IN B.C.) FORM IN
ISLAND ARC SETTINGS AT CONVERGENT PLATE MARGINS. SEE:
HTTP://WWW.SOUTHERNARCMINERALS.COM/_RESOURCES/110307‐02‐[SG]‐PORPHYRY_CU_AU‐CHARACTERISTICS‐
ECONOMICS.PDF
• FOR INFORMATION ON DEEP SEA MINING SEE: HTTP://WWW.NAUTILUSMINERALS.COM/S/HOME.ASP
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John A Chapman

10. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• CARL SAGAN: “OUR SPECIES NEEDS, AND DESERVES, A CITIZENRY WITH MINDS WIDE AWAKE AND A BASIC
UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THE WORLD WORKS”.
• THOMAS GOLD (CORNELL UNIVERSITY) WAS A BRILLIANT ASTROPHYSICIST. HE WAS ALSO SMART ENOUGH TO HIRE
CARL SAGAN AFTER SAGAN WAS DENIED TENURE AT HARVARD IN 1968.
• THOMAS GOLD EMPHASIZED THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DEEP HOT BIOSPHERE IN THE EXPLORATION FOR LIFE (AND
HYDROCARBONS) ON EARTH AND OTHER PLANETARY BODIES – HE WAS A CONSULTANT TO NASA ON SEARCHING FOR
“LIFE” IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM.
• METHANE (CH4) IS COMPOSED OF HYDROGEN THE MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT IN THE COSMOS AND CARBON THE
FOURTH MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT IN THE COSMOS. SEE:
HTTP://WWW.TED.COM/TALKS/CAROLYN_PORCO_FLIES_US_TO_SATURN.HTML
• GOLD ASSERTS THAT PRIMEORDEAL METHANE UPWELLING FROM VERY DEEP IN THE EARTH (+300KM DEPTH) ALONG
WITH HELIUM (ALPHA PARTICLES FROM RADIOACTIVE DECAY OF URANIUM, THORIUM AND POTASSIUM) FORMS LIGHT
OIL, HEAVY OIL AND EVEN COAL AS HYDROGEN IS DISSOCIATED (HYDROCARBON GASES BECOME MORE CARBON RICH).
• GOLD ESTIMATES THAT THE BIOMASS CONTAINED IN ROCK VOIDS DOWN TO 5 KM DEPTH WOULD BE EQUIVALENT TO A
LAYER OF LIVING MATERIAL 1.5 METERS DEEP OVER THE ENTIRE LAND AREA OF THE EARTH –MORE THAN EXISTING
FLORA/FAUNA IN THE SURFACE BIOSPHERE.
• GOLD STATES THAT HOPANOIDS (MOLECULES ATTRIBUTED TO BACTERIA) FOUND IN HYDROCARBON GASES, OIL AND
COAL ARE SIGNS OF BURIED “LIFE” – HOWEVER, RATHER THAN FOSSILS (FROM SURFACE) THEY WERE IN FACT “DINING”
AT DEPTH ON THE UPWELLING PRIMORDEAL HYDROCARBON ENERGY SOURCE.
• GOLD ALSO POINTS OUT THAT NO EXPERIMENTS HAVE EVER BEEN ABLE TO TURN, VIA INCREASING TEMPERATURE AND
PRESSURE, BIOLOGICAL REMAINS INTO HYDROCARBONS.
• ALSO, BE AWARE THAT OLIVENE + WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE = SERPENTINE + MAGNETITE + METHANE.
• THE DISCOVERY (BY REMOTE SENSING AND HUYGENS PROBE) OF VAST RIVERS, LAKES, OCEANS AND GLACIERS OF
METHANE AND ETHANE ON TITAN (MOON OF SATURN) SUPPORTS GOLD’S ABIOTIC HYDROCARBON THEORY – AND KILLS
THE ARGUMENT OF THOSE PEOPLE THAT PREACH “PEAK OIL”.
• WORLD OIL RESERVES IN BILLIONS OF BARRELS: 1980 = 411, 1990 = 748, 2000 = 811, 2010 = 1,200.
• USA NATURAL GAS RESOURCES INCREASED BY 40% LAST YEAR TO 1,836 TRILLION CUBIC FEET – BY FAR THE HIGHEST
RESOURCE EVALUATION IN THE 44 YEAR HISTORY OF THE PGC ANNUAL REVIEW.
• ACCORDING TO THE USGS METHANE HYDRATE, IN THE OCEAN (BELOW 300M) AND IN HIGH LATITUDE PERMAFROST,
CONTAINS ~2 TIMES MORE CARBON THAN ALL OF THE KNOWN AND EXTRACTED OIL, GAS AND COAL ON EARTH.
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John A Chapman

11. Push Back Against Negative Voices
• CANADA WAS BURIED UNDER MORE THAN ONE KILOMETER OF ICE IN THE LAST ICE‐AGE
November 1, 2012
(WISCONSIN) THAT ENDED ONLY ~12,000 YEARS AGO. THERE WAS NO VEGETATION (INCLUDING
TREES) AND NO ANIMALS ON CANADA’S LAND SURFACE AT THAT TIME.
• THERE HAVE BEEN TEN SIGNIFICANT GLACIAL MAXIMUMS IN THE PAST 800,000 YEARS.
• THE WISCONSIN GLACIAL EPISODE WAS THE MOST RECENT MAJOR ADVANCE OF THE NORTH
AMERICAN LAURENTIDE ICE SHEET. GLOBALLY, THIS ADVANCE IS KNOWN AS THE LAST GLACIAL
PERIOD. THE WISCONSIN GLACIATION EXTENDED FROM APPROXIMATELY 110,000 TO 10,000
YEARS AGO, BETWEEN THE EEMIAN INTERGLACIAL AND THE CURRENT INTERGLACIAL. THE
MAXIMUM ICE EXTENT OCCURRED APPROXIMATELY 21,000 YEARS AGO DURING THE LAST
GLACIAL MAXIMUM, ALSO KNOWN AS THE LATE WISCONSIN IN NORTH AMERICA.
• THE WISCONSIN GLACIATION RADICALLY ALTERED THE GEOGRAPHY OF NORTH AMERICA –
LEAVING CANADA WITH 60% OF THE WORLD’S LAKES AND THE BURNS LAKE REGION WITH
EXTENSIVE GLACIAL TILL COVER (DIFFICULT TO EXPLORE FOR “HIDDEN” MINERAL DEPOSITS).
• BE SURE TO SEE THE SIGNIFICANT GLACIAL GROOVING IN BEDROCK AT THE NORTHWEST CORNER
OF THE BRITISH COLUMBIA PARLIAMENT BUILDING GROUNDS IN VICTORIA (CORNER OF
BELLEVILLE AND MENZIES STREETS) –MARKED WITH A METAL SIGN WITH A SCIENTIFIC
EXPLANATION.
• IT IS MY OPINION, BASED UPON MY OWN RESEARCH OF THE SCIENCE, THAT THE PRESENT
“HYSTERIA” ABOUT HUMAN CAUSED GLOBAL WARMING IS A HOAX DRIVEN BY
ENVIRONMENTALISTS TO RAISE MONEY (SAVE THE PLANET) AND THE ONE WORLD GOVERNMENT
POWER BROKERS (MONEY AND POWER – TAX THE PEOPLE OF THE WORLD FOR THEIR CO2
“OFFENSES”). THE REAL CLIMATE DRIVER (CAUSED THE TEN GLACIAL PERIODS (MAXIMUMS) OVER
THE LAST 880,000 YEARS) IS THE SUN, EARTH`S PLANETARY ORBITAL PERTURBATIONS, EARTH’S
SPIN PRECESSION AND COSMIC RAYS. IT IS ALSO MY OPINION THAT THE POWER‐HUNGRY ONE
WORLD GOVERNMENT DESPOTS HAVE BEEN USING THE RADICAL ENVIRONMENTAL UTOPIANS AS
USEFUL IDIOTS TO ACHIEVE THEIR NEFARIOUS ENDS – TO THE DETRIMENT OF RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT IN B.C.
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John A Chapman

12. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE PUBLIC TAKES THE GREAT WEALTH CREATED BY MINERAL PRODUCTION IN BRITISH
COLUMBIA FOR GRANTED AS THE FOOTPRINT, UNLIKE THE FOREST INDUSTRY, IS SO
SMALL IT IS NEARLY INVISIBLE (OUT OF SIGHT, OUT OF MIND). THEY FAIL TO MAKE
THE CONNECTION THAT ALMOST ALL THE THINGS THEY USE IN THEIR EVERY DAY LIVES
COMES FROM MINING.
• HISTORICALLY MINING HAS BEEN A SIGNIFICANT AND ESSENTIAL ECONOMIC ENGINE
FOR B.C.’S ECONOMY.
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John A Chapman

13. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• MOST RURAL COMMUNITIES IN BRITISH COLUMBIA OWE THEIR WELL‐BEING AND
EXISTENCE TO THE EARLY MINERAL EXPLORATION AND MINING SUCCESSES ALL OVER
THE PROVINCE. IN FACT, OVER THE PAST 150 YEARS, SOME $700 BILLION (IN 2012
DOLLARS) HAVE BEEN RECOVERED FROM MINING ACTIVITIES IN THE PROVINCE.
• HISTORICALLY BRITISH COLUMBIA HAS BEEN A LEADER IN MINERAL DEVELOPMENTS
AND WE DON'T WANT TO SEE THAT CHANGE! BUT, WE NEED YOUR HELP NOW TO
MAKE SURE THAT THE EXPLORATION AND MINING COMPANIES CONTINUE TO FEEL
WELCOME HERE. B.C. IS COMPETING AGAINST OTHER PLACES IN THE WORLD WHEN
IT COMES TO DEVELOPING NEW MINES –WE MUST BE AT THE TOP OF OUR GAME TO
CONTINUE TO BE ONE OF THE LEADING MINERAL PRODUCERS.
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John A Chapman

14. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• NOTE THE HIGH CONCENTRATION OF MAJOR OPEN‐PIT MINES AND DEPOSITS IN
SOUTH CENTRAL B.C. AND IN CENTRAL B.C. (BURNS LAKE REGION).
• THE ECONOMICS OF THESE DEPOSITS IS ENHANCED WITH THE PROXIMAL
INFRASTRUCTURE OF ROADS, RAIL, GRID NATURAL GAS, GRID ELECTRIC POWER AND
THE LOCAL AVAILABILITY OF A SKILLED WORK FORCE. HAVING ACCESS TO DEEP SEA
PORTS SUCH AS VANCOUVER AND PRINCE RUPERT IS ALSO VERY IMPORTANT AS THE
VAST MAJORITY OF B.C.’S MINERAL PRODUCTION IS EXPORTED TO PACIFIC RIM
COUNTRIES.
• B.C. WAS A SIGNIFICANT MINERALS SUPPLIER TO THE JAPANESE ECONOMIC SUPER‐CYCLE
IN THE 1960S, 1970S AND EARLY 1980S – AND HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BE A
SIGNIFICANT MINERAL SUPPLIER TO THE CURRENT ASIAN/INDIAN ECONOMIC SUPER‐CYCLE.
• SEE: http://www.empr.gov.bc.ca/Mining/Geoscience/Mapplace/pages/default.aspx
FOR THE WORLD CLASS GIS DATABASE ON B.C.’S MINERAL RESOURCES.
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John A Chapman

15. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• MOST OF B.C.’S LARGE OPEN‐PIT COAL MINES WERE DEVELOPED DURING THE
JAPANESE ECONOMIC SUPER‐CYCLE IN THE 1960S, 1970S AND EARLY 1980S. NEARLY
ALL THE COAL MINES WERE FINANCED BY JAPANESE OFF‐TAKE CONTRACTS AND LOAN
GUARANTEES.
• CANADA IS A VERY SMALL PLAYER IN THE WORLD COAL BUSINESS ONLY PRODUCING
68 MILLION TONNES OF COAL PER YEAR VERSUS CHINA WITH PRODUCTION OF 2,380
MILLION TONNES. MANY OF THE CHINESE MINES ARE MODERN LARGE
UNDERGROUND LONG‐WALL MINES THAT ARE HIGHLY EFFICIENT (IN SEVERAL CASES
THE BEST IN THE WORLD).
• IF B.C. IS TO REALIZE THE FULL POTENTIAL OF ITS COAL RESOURCES IT WILL REQUIRE
THE CAPITAL AND OPERATING EXPERTISE OF THE CHINESE.
• THERE ARE LARGE COAL DEPOSITS AT TELKWA AND HAT CREEK (NEAR CACHE CREEK)
THAT SHOULD BE DEVELOPED FOR LOW‐COST AND RELIABLE ELECTRIC POWER. IT IS
WORTH NOTING THAT IN 2012 GERMANY EMBARKED ON A MAJOR EXPANSION OF ITS
COAL MINES FOR NEW COAL FIRED POWER PLANTS (A 2,200MW PLANT JUST
COMPLETED AND 23 NEW PLANTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION) BECAUSE WIND AND
SOLAR HAVE BEEN FOUND TO BE UNRELIABLE AND VERY EXPENSIVE (SEVERELY
UNECONOMIC).
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John A Chapman

16. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• MOST OF B.C.’S LARGE OPEN‐PIT COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM MINES WERE
DEVELOPED DURING THE JAPANESE ECONOMIC SUPER‐CYCLE IN THE 1960S, 1970S
AND EARLY 1980S. NEARLY ALL THE MINES WERE FINANCED BY JAPANESE OFF‐TAKE
CONTRACTS AND LOAN GUARANTEES.
• THE GRANISLE AND BELL MINES, AT BABINE LAKE, OPERATED IN THE BURNS LAKE
REGION FOR MANY YEARS. COPPER RESOURCES REMAIN AT THESE PAST PRODUCERS
AND POSITIVE CHANGES IN TECHNOLOGY AND IN HIGHER METAL PRICES BODE WELL
FOR THEIR REDEVELOPMENT. BELL IS OWNED BY XSTRATA PLC (VIA MACLAREN
FOREST PRODUCTS INC.). XSTRATA IS ONE OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST GLOBAL
DIVERSIFIED MINING BUSINESSES.
• THE MORRISON DEPOSIT, OWNED BY PACIFIC BOOKER MINERALS INC., IS SIMILAR IN
SIZE AND GRADE TO GRANISLE AND BELL MINES, IS TECHNICALLY FEASIBLE AND
ECONOMICALLY VIABLE, AND SHOULD BE DEVELOPED.
• THE PROPOSED MORRISON OPEN‐PIT MINE NORTH OF BELL MINE WOULD PRODUCE
1.4 BILLION POUNDS OF COPPER ($4.8 BILLION), 658,000 OUNCES OF GOLD ($1.2
BILLION) AND 10 MILLION POUNDS OF MOLYBDENUM ($115 MILLION). THIS MINE
WOULD BE A SIGNIFICANT ECONOMIC ENGINE FOR B.C. FOR +20 YEARS, PRODUCING
MORE COPPER AND GOLD THAN GRANISLE MINE AND BELL MINE COMBINED.
• METAL PRICES USED IN THIS PRESENTATION ARE: COPPER: $3.50/POUND,
MOLYBDENUM: $11.50/POUND, GOLD: $1,750/OUNCE, SILVER: $34/OUNCE.
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John A Chapman

17. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE ENDAKO MINE, EAST OF BURNS LAKE, IS THE LARGEST MOLYBDENUM PRODUCER
IN CANADA AND HAS BEEN OPERATING SINCE 1965.
• ENDAKO’S PRODUCTION SINCE 1965 TOTALS 517 MILLION POUNDS OF MOLYBDENUM,
WORTH ~$6 BILLION AT THE CURRENT MOLYBDENUM PRICE OF ~$11.50/POUND
CONTAINED IN MOLYBDIC TRIOXIDE CONCENTRATE.
• THE YORKE‐HARDY MOLYBDENUM DEPOSIT, AT SMITHERS, IS THE LARGEST
UNDEVELOPED MOLYBDENUM DEPOSIT IN CANADA, IT CONTAINS ~417 MILLION
POUNDS OF MOLYBDENUM WITH AN IN‐SITU VALUE OF $4.8 BILLION. IN ADDITION,
THE DEPOSIT CONTAINS SUBSTANTIAL AMOUNTS OF TUNGSTEN.
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John A Chapman

18. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• HISTORICALLY THE BRIDGE RIVER CAMP (INCLUDING BRALORNE) HAS BEEN THE
LARGEST GOLD PRODUCER IN B.C. WITH ~4.2 MILLION OUNCES OF PRODUCTION.
• CURRENTLY IT IS NEW GOLD INC.’S POTENTIAL NEAR TERM PRODUCER BLACKWATER
DEPOSIT, SOUTH OF VANDERHOOF, THAT HAS THE POTENTIAL TO PRODUCE ~7.0
MILLION OUNCES OF GOLD WORTH ~$12 BILLION AT THE CURRENT PRICE OF
$1,750/OUNCE.
• SIMILARLY TASEKO MINES LIMITED’S PROSPERITY DEPOSIT, WEST OF WILLIAMS LAKE,
IS THE LARGEST UNDEVELOPED COPPER‐GOLD DEPOSIT IN CANADA CONTAINING 5.3
BILLION POUNDS OF COPPER AND 13.3 MILLION OUNCES OF GOLD. THE IN SITU
COPPER VALUE IS $19 BILLION AND THE IN SITU GOLD VALUE IS $23 BILLION.
• THE STEWART AREA IN NORTHWEST B.C. IS EMERGING AS A WORLD CLASS GOLD
REGION.
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John A Chapman

19. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE LARGEST SILVER PRODUCER IN B.C. HAS BEEN THE SULLIVAN MINE AT KIMBERLEY,
A WORLD CLASS SEDEX STYLE DEPOSIT THAT OPERATED FOR ~100 YEARS MAINLY
UNDER THE OWNERSHIP OF COMINCO LTD. (NOW TECK RESOURCES LIMITED). THE
MINE PRODUCED 298 MILLION OUNCES OF SILVER WORTH ~$10.1 BILLION AT THE
CURRENT PRICE OF $34/OUNCE. IN ADDITION, SULLIVAN PRODUCED 8.4 MILLION
TONNES OF LEAD, 7.9 MILLION TONNES OF ZINC AND MINOR AMOUNTS OF GOLD,
TIN, COPPER, CADMIUM, ANTIMONY AND BISMUTH.
• THE EQUITY DEPOSIT SOUTHWEST OF BURNS LAKE WAS A SIGNIFICANT SILVER
PRODUCER FROM 1981 TO 1991, HAVING PRODUCED 71.4 MILLION OUNCES OF SILVER
WORTH $2.43 BILLION, AND A FURTHER $1.54 BILLION IN GOLD AND COPPER.
• THERE ARE SEVERAL SILVER MINERAL OCCURRENCES IN THE BURNS LAKE REGION.
19
John A Chapman

20. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• B.C. IS WELL ENDOWED WITH HYDROCARBONS WHICH ARE UNFORTUNATELY FAIRLY
EXPENSIVE TO GET TO FOREIGN MARKETS DUE TO LACK OF PIPELINES AND DEEP SEA EXPORT
FACILITIES.
• B.C. SHOULD DEVELOP DOMESTIC GAS‐FIRED POWER PLANTS AND MORE PIPELINES TO TAKE
ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE OF THIS ABUNDANT, LOW‐COST AND RELIABLE FUEL.
From: John Chapman
Sent: July 27, 2009 2:36 PM
To: Chris Gulka; Gerald Carlson; David Makepeace; Bob McGowan, Greg Dawson; Keith Simpson
Subject: game changer in the natural gas industry ‐ positive impact on energy costs for mining developments such as
Cogburn
Gentlemen,
Based upon information I have received over the past year, it is my opinion that the Eastern USA tight shale gas
development is a "game changer" and will provide immense new natural gas supplies at low cost (~US$2.50 per
thousand cf in 2009 dollars) for several hundred years (along with the sedimentary rocks from Gulf of Mexico to the
Canada/Alaska North Slope along the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains). The current positive changes in
technology and operating cost (horizontal drilling, fracing and computer control) of tight shale gas (often thousands of
feet thick) added 35% to USA gas resources last year ‐ mainly in the Appalachian Mountains! How wonderful it is that
the largest known resource of tight shale gas in the USA is "at" the markets in the Eastern USA. It has been my opinion
for over six months that the Mackenzie Valley and Alaska gas pipelines are now both "dead" due to these game
changing new developments.
You should read Thomas Gold's "Deep Hot Biosphere" to appreciate the size of hydrocarbon resources on earth based
upon his abiotic theory. Saturn's moon Titan, has in my opinion, substantially vindicated Gold's abiotic theory as it has
been discovered by spacecraft in close fly‐bys and the Huygens Probe Impactor that it has oceans/glaciers of methane
and ethane.
Cheers, John
604.536.8356
PS. Further successful development of shale gas will also have a positive impact on the economics of development of
the huge shale oil resources in the USA ‐ thereby keeping petroleum prices low for many years.
20
John A Chapman

21. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE BURNS LAKE REGION HAS FAVOURABLE GEOLOGY, WITH MOSTLY INTRUSIVE AND
EXTRUSIVE (VOLCANIC) ROCKS, THAT IS CAPABLE OF YIELDING LARGE TONNAGE
PORPHYRY AND VMS STYLE METALLIC DEPOSITS.
• BURNS LAKE HAS HISTORICALLY BEEN A VERY “HOT” PLACE, WITH LOTS OF MOLTEN
ROCK, IN PAST GEOLOGIC TIME.
21
John A Chapman

22. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• BURNS LAKE IS LOCATED IN A MAGNETIC HIGH.
• HAVING LOTS OF MAGNETIC “NOISE” (HIGHS AND LOWS MEASURED IN GAMMAS OR
NANOTESLAS (nT)) IS USUALLY AN ENCOURAGING INDICATION OF POSSIBLE METALLIC
OREBODIES IN THE MAGMATIC ROCKS (INTRUSIVE AND EXTRUSIVE).
22
John A Chapman

23. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• NOTE THE CLOSE PROXIMITY OF THE LARGE PORPHYRY COPPER DEPOSITS AT BABINE
LAKE (GRANISLE, BELL AND MORRISON).
• THE MAJOR LAKES IN MOST CASES MARK SIGNIFICANT DEEP‐SEATED REGIONAL
FAULTS – NOTE THE ALLIGNMENT OF THE LAKES AND THE ALLIGNMENT OF THE DOG‐LEGS.
• MANY OF THE WORLD’S MAJOR MINERAL DEPOSITS OCCUR ON OR ADJACENT TO
MAJOR FAULT SYSTEMS.
23
John A Chapman

24. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE LARGEST MINERAL CLAIM BLOCKS IN THE BURNS LAKE AREA ARE ENDAKO
(THOMPSON CREEK METALS COMPANY), HANSON (CARLSON/CHAPMAN) AND BOER
(CARLSON/CHAPMAN).
• THE HANSON CLAIMS COVER ~18,000 HECTARES AND THE BOER CLAIMS COVER ~6,800
HECTARES.
24
John A Chapman

25. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• NOTE THE ROAD, RAIL, POWER, GAS CORRIDORS IN THE BURNS LAKE AREA.
• THE PROPOSED ENBRIDGE PIPELINE IS DESIGNED TO TRAVERSE THROUGH THE CENTER
OF THE HANSON PROPERTY.
• PACIFIC NORTHERN GAS LTD.’S 10 INCH DIAMETER NATURAL GAS PIPLINE
(COMMISSIONED IN 1969) TRAVERSES ACROSS THE BOER PROPERTY FROM EAST TO
WEST.
• B.C. HYDRO’S MAIN GRID POWERLINE THAT PARALLELS HIGHWAY 16 IS A 500kV
CONDUCTOR.
• THE ENDAKO MINE HAS OPERATED SINCE 1965 AND HAS JUST UNDERGONE A
SIGNIFICANT PLANT EXPANSION TO ~50,000 TPD OF ORE THROUGH THE PROCESSING
PLANT. THE MINE HAS BEEN A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO THE B.C. ECONOMY FOR
SOME 47 YEARS. SEE: http://www.endakomines.com/index.php
25
John A Chapman

26. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE BOER PROPERTY, OWNED 50/50 BY KGE MANAGEMENT LTD. (GERALD CARLSON)
AND JOHN A. CHAPMAN, IS A MOST INTERESTING AND POTENTIALLY SIGNIFICANT
VIRGIN SILVER PLAY, BASED UPON RGS 2011 SAMPLING (MAINLY LAKE
SEDIMENTS). THE RGS 2011 SILVER GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALY AT BOER APPEARS TO BE
ONE OF THE LARGEST AND MOST INTENSE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA. THE BOER IS
AVAILABLE FOR OPTION.
26
John A Chapman

27. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• ZTEM (AFMAG AT 30HZ TO 700HZ) IS ABLE TO DETECT LARGE MINERAL BODIES (PORPHYRY
COPPER) THROUGH THIN COVER SUCH AS GLACIAL OVERBURDEN OR YOUNG VOLCANIC CAPPING.
IT DOES DEPEND UPON LIGHTENING TO GENERATE THE LOW FREQUENCY EM WAVES.
• THE ZTEM OR Z AXIS TIPPER ELECTROMAGNETIC SYSTEM IS AN INNOVATIVE AIRBORNE EM
SYSTEM WHICH USES THE NATURAL OR PASSIVE FIELDS OF THE EARTH AS THE SOURCE OF
TRANSMITTED ENERGY. THE EARTH AND IONOSPHERE, BOTH CONDUCTIVE, ACT AS A WAVEGUIDE
TO “TRANSMIT” THE SOURCE ENERGY GREAT DISTANCES. DUE TO THE MANNER IN WHICH THEY
PROPAGATE, THESE NATURAL FIELDS ARE PLANAR AND HORIZONTAL. ANY VERTICAL FIELD IS
CAUSED BY CONDUCTIVITY CONTRASTS IN THE EARTH. THE VERTICAL EM FIELD IS REFERENCED TO
THE HORIZONTAL EM FIELD AS MEASURED BY A SET OF HORIZONTAL BASE STATION COILS. THE
PROPRIETARY RECEIVER DESIGN USING THE ADVANTAGES OF MODERN DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND
SIGNAL PROCESSING DELIVERS EXCEPTIONALLY LOW‐NOISE LEVELS.
• GEOTECH’S VTEM HAS BEEN DESIGNED TO DETECT AND DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN MODERATE TO
EXCELLENT CONDUCTORS USING A LOW BASE FREQUENCY, LONG PULSE WIDTH, AND DERIVED B‐FIELD.
THE B‐FIELD IS DERIVED FROM INTEGRATING DATA COLLECTED AT 96 KHZ OVER THE ENTIRE
WAVEFORM.
• AEROTEM IS AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYING WITH ITS ORIGINAL
CONCEPT OF A CONCENTRIC COIL HELICOPTER‐BORNE TIME DOMAIN EM SYSTEM.
• AEROQUEST HAS DEVELOPED 3 GENERATIONS OF AEROTEM SYSTEMS AND HAS BEEN
CONTINUOUSLY REFINING THE DESIGNS AS AN EXPLORATION TOOL THAT IS OPTIMIZED TO
PROVIDE THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF INFORMATION ON THE TARGET APPLICATION. THE
COMBINATION OF RESOLUTION, CONDUCTANCE DISCRIMINATION, AND GEOMETRIC
INFORMATION RESULTS IN A SYSTEM WITH A WIDE APPLICABILITY.
• GEOTECH USES A GEOMETRICS/SCINTREX SPLIT‐BEAM TOTAL‐FIELD MAGNETIC SENSOR, WITH A
SAMPLING INTERVAL OF 0.1 SECONDS AND AN IN‐FLIGHT SENSITIVITY OF 0.02 NT IS UTILIZED. THE
MAGNETOMETER WILL PERFORM CONTINUOUSLY IN AREAS OF HIGH MAGNETIC GRADIENT WITH
THE AMBIENT RANGE OF THE SENSOR APPROXIMATELY 20K‐100K NT.
27
John A Chapman

28. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• GEOTECH'S PROPRIETARY ZTEM IS AN INNOVATIVE NEW AIRBORNE AFMAG (AUDIO‐FREQUENCY
MAGNETICS) SYSTEM FOR PLANE‐WAVE FREQUENCY DOMAIN
ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYING, WHICH CAN BE OPERATED BY A HELICOPTER OR A
FIXED‐WING AIRCRAFT. UTILIZING THE NATURALLY OCCURRING OR PASSIVE EM FIELDS
FROM WORLDWIDE THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY OF THE EARTH (LIGHTNING) AS THE
SOURCE OF TRANSMITTED ENERGY, THIS REVOLUTIONARY TECHNOLOGY HAS A
PROPRIETARY RECEIVER DESIGN AND ADVANCED DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND SIGNAL
PROCESSING. THIS ALLOWS FOR LOW NOISE LEVELS AND EXCEPTIONAL RESOLUTION
AND UNPARALLELED DEPTH PENETRATION, WELL‐SUITED TO MAPPING DEEPLY
BURIED, PORPHYRY HOSTED AND STRUCTURALLY CONTROLLED TARGET TYPES.
• THE NEW ZTEM SYSTEM CAN PROVIDE EM RESISTIVITY DATA TO A DEPTH BELOW
GROUND SURFACE OF 2KM – SUPERIOR TO ANY PRIOR AIRBORNE GEOPHYSICAL
METHOD.
• SEVERAL OF THE HANSON ZTEM ANOMALIES (IN RED) CONFIRM AND EXPAND UPON
THE INDUCED POLARIZATION (IP) SURVEYS DONE BY ENDAKO MINES IN THE 1970S,
WHICH HAD RESOLUTION TO ONLY ~400 METERS DEPTH.
28
John A Chapman

29. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• GRANISLE (1966 – 1982) AND BELL (1972 – 1992) ARE LARGE PAST OPEN‐PIT COPPER
PRODUCERS ON BABINE LAKE. THEY MADE SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO B.C.’S
ECONOMY. BELL HAS SIGNIFICANT REMAINING COPPER RESOURCES DEFINED THAT
MAY BE ECONOMIC UNDER CURRENT CONDITIONS.
• GRANISLE PRODUCED 472 MILLION POUNDS OF COPPER WORTH $1.6 BILLION AT THE
CURRENT COPPER PRICE OF $3.50/POUND. IN ADDITION, THERE WAS MINOR
PRODUCTION OF MOLYDENUM, GOLD AND SILVER.
• BELL PRODUCED 672 MILLION POUNDS OF COPPER WORTH $2.4 BILLION AT THE
CURRENT COPPER PRICE OF $3.50/POUND. IN ADDITION, THERE WAS MINOR
PRODUCTION OF GOLD AND SILVER.
• THE PROPOSED MORRISON OPEN‐PIT MINE NORTH OF BELL MINE WOULD PRODUCE
1,370 MILLION POUNDS OF COPPER ($4.8 BILLION), 658,000 OUNCES OF GOLD ($1.2
BILLION) AND 10 MILLION POUNDS OF MOLYBDENUM ($115 MILLION). THIS MINE
WOULD BE A SIGNIFICANT ECONOMIC ENGINE FOR B.C. FOR +20 YEARS. SEE:
http://www.pacificbooker.com/
29
John A Chapman

30. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• CANADA HAS 60% OF THE LAKES IN THE WORLD (CREATED BY GLACIATION), ON 7% OF
THE WORLD’S LAND.
• NOTE DAMS PLACED OUT INTO LAKE de GRAS SO THAT THE ENCLOSURE COULD BE
DEWATERED TO FACILITATE OPEN‐PIT MINING THE FORMERLY UNDERWATER
DIAMOND BEARING OREBODIES.
• MORRISON DEPOSIT DEVELOPERS SHOULD CONSIDER THIS METHOD TO BE ABLE TO
EXTRACT ANY UNDERWATER PORTION OF THE MORRISON DEPOSIT THAT IS NOT
CONSIDERED AS PART OF THE RESERVES IN THE CURRENT MINE PLAN.
30
John A Chapman

31. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• HISTORICALLY MANY TOWNS AND CITIES HAVE BEEN TOTALLY OR PARTIALLY MOVED
TO ACCOMMODATE THE GREAT WEALTH THAT CAN BE EXTRACTED FROM UNDERLYING
MINERAL DEPOSITS.
31
John A Chapman

32. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• NOTE THE SCALE ON THIS GOOGLE EARTH IMAGE. THE OPEN‐PIT AND DUMPS COVER
SOME 13KM BY 8KM, AS DOES THE PLANT AND TAILINGS FACILITY.
• THE BINGHAM CANYON MINE, ALSO KNOWN AS THE KENNECOTT COPPER MINE, IS AN
OPEN‐PIT MINING OPERATION EXTRACTING A LARGE PORPHYRY COPPER DEPOSIT
SOUTHWEST OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, USA, IN THE OQUIRRH MOUNTAINS. IT IS THE
DEEPEST OPEN‐PIT MINE IN THE WORLD. THE MINE IS OWNED BY RIO TINTO GROUP,
AN INTERNATIONAL MINING AND EXPLORATION COMPANY HEADQUARTERED IN THE
UNITED KINGDOM. THE COPPER OPERATIONS AT BINGHAM CANYON MINE ARE
MANAGED THROUGH KENNECOTT UTAH COPPER CORPORATION WHICH OPERATES
THE MINE, A CONCENTRATOR PLANT, A SMELTER, AND A REFINERY. THE MINE HAS
BEEN IN PRODUCTION SINCE 1906, AND HAS RESULTED IN THE CREATION OF A PIT
OVER 0.75 MILES (1.21 KM) DEEP, 2.5 MILES (4 KM) WIDE, AND COVERING 1,900
ACRES (770 HA). ACCORDING TO KENNECOTT, IT IS THE WORLD'S LARGEST MAN‐MADE
EXCAVATION.
• RIO TINTO IS CURRENTLY STUDYING A PLAN TO EXTEND THE OPEN‐PIT 1,000 FEET (305
M) SOUTHWARD, WHICH WOULD EXTEND THE LIFE OF THE MINE INTO THE MID‐
2030S. THE PLAN IS CONTINGENT ON APPROVAL BY THE RIO TINTO BOARD OF
DIRECTORS AND APPROXIMATELY 25 REQUIRED ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITS. IN
ADDITION, THE COMPANY HAS DISCOVERED WHAT THEY BELIEVE TO BE ONE OF THE
WORLD’S LARGEST MOLYBDENUM DEPOSITS THAT EXTENDS SEVERAL THOUSAND
FEET BELOW THE PRESENT OPEN‐PIT. THEY ARE CONSIDERING THE DEVELOPMENT OF
THIS DEPOSIT BY UNDERGROUND BLOCK‐CAVING.
• THE BINGHAM MINE IS THE SINGLE BIGGEST ECONOMIC “ENGINE” IN UTAH.
32
John A Chapman

33. Push Back Against Negative Voices
• CREATING WEALTH “AT HOME”, SO TO SPEAK!
November 1, 2012
33
John A Chapman

34. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• MODERN LARGE RAIL SYSTEMS AND PORT FACILITIES WILL ENSURE THE CENTRAL B.C.
ECONOMIC ENGINE CONTINUES TO FUNCTION AS AN IMPORTANT PART OF CANADIAN
TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE. LOCAL COMMUNITIES MUST UNDERSTAND THE
SIGNIFICANT IMPORTANCE OF THE CANADIAN TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
TO CANADA’S ECONOMY AND MUST NOT GET INTO A “NOT IN MY BACKYARD”
(NIMBY) STATE OF MIND.
• COALSPUR MINES LTD. IS DEVELOPING THE VISTA DEPOSIT NEAR HINTON, ALBERTA TO
CREATE CANADA’S LARGEST EVER COAL MINE (20 MILLION TONNES PER YEAR MINED
PRODUCING 12 MILLION TONNES OF CLEANED COAL). THIS PROJECT REQUIRES CNR
AND PRINCE RUPERT PORT TO DELIVER ITS HIGH‐QUALITY THERMAL COAL TO PACIFIC
RIM MARKETS.
• THERE ARE SEVERAL EXTREMELY LARGE, HIGH‐QUALITY, NEAR‐SURFACE COAL
DEPOSITS IN THE HINTON AND EDSON, ALBERTA REGION THAT COULD SUPPLY HIGH‐QUALITY
THERMAL COAL TO WORLD MARKETS FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS BY USING
CNR AND PRINCE RUPERT PORT INFRASTRUCTURE.
34
John A Chapman

35. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• NATURAL GAS AND OIL PIPELINE DEVELOPMENT IN THE BURNS LAKE REGION WOULD
BE POSITIVE TOWARD FURTHER ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AS IT WILL IMPROVE
WORKFORCE SKILLS, INCREASE THE NUMBER OF SERVICE COMPANIES AND PROVIDE
IMPROVED INFRASTRUCTURE TO BE SHARED WITH FUTURE BUSINESSES.
• JUST LIKE THE RAIL AND PORT INFRASTRUCTURE, PIPELINE INFRASTRUCTURE
PROVIDES SIGNIFICANT ECONOMIC BENEFIT TO CANADA AND MUST BE EMBRACED
POSITIVELY BY LOCAL COMMUNITIES FOR THE GOOD OF THE COUNTRY.
• I WAS FORTUNATE TO LIVE IN HOPE, B.C. IN THE 1950S WHEN TWO MAJOR PIPELINES
(OIL AND THEN NATURAL GAS) WERE CONSTRUCTED THROUGH THE TOWN TO THE
COAST – THESE DEVELOPMENTS HAD A LARGE AND LONG LASTING BENEFIT FOR THE
PEOPLE OF HOPE. THESE DEVELOPMENTS INSPIRED ME AND TOOK ME TO WELDING
JOBS ON PIPELINES IN ALBERTA, THEN TO MAJOR RADAR SITE CONSTRUCTION ON THE
D.E.W. LINE NORTH OF THE ARCTIC CIRCLE AND ULTIMATELY ON TO UNIVERSITY IN
MINING ENGINEERING.
35
John A Chapman

36. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE 59 YEAR OLD TRANS MOUNTAIN OIL PIPELINE HAS ABOUT HALF OF ITS LENGTH IN
THE FRASER RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN – ONE OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST SALMON
PRODUCING RIVERS –WITHOUT ADVERSE AFFECTS.
• KINDER MORGAN: IN 2008 COMPLETED A 36" DIAMETER PIPELINE THROUGH A
UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE: JASPER NATIONAL PARK AND MOUNT ROBSON
PROVINCIAL PARK, CANADA. THIS IS PART OF THE TRANS MOUNTAIN OIL PIPELINE
(1953) UP GRADE.
• MODERN PIPELINES BUILT WITH STRONG ALLOY STEELS , GOOD WELDABILITY AND
WITH THEIR EXTENSIVE LEAK DETECTION AND ISOLATION SYSTEMS, THAT ARE USING
THE LATEST GPS, ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY, ARE BY
FAR THE SAFEST AND MOST EFFICIENT METHOD OF TRANSPORTING LARGE VOLUMES
OF LIQUIDS AND GASES.
36
John A Chapman

37. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• COAL‐FIRED POWER PLANTS ARE COMMON IN ALBERTA AND SASKATCHEWAN. THEY
CONTINUE TO SUPPLY LOW‐COST RELIABLE ELECTRIC POWER TO WESTERN CANADIAN
CONSUMERS.
• THE 60 AND 90 CUBIC YARD DRAGLINES (BUCKET CAPACITY) SHOWN ARE AMONG THE
WORLD’S LARGEST LAND MACHINES, IN THE 1970s THEY COST ~US$90 MILLION EACH.
MANALTA COAL LTD. OPERATED MORE OF THESE LARGE DRAGLINES THAN ANY OTHER
COMPANY IN CANADA. ALSO, MANALTA WAS CANADA’S LARGEST PURCHASER OF
CATERPILLER MINING EQUIPMENT AND WIRE ROPES (FOR DRAGLINES AND SHOVELS).
37
John A Chapman

38. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• B.C. HYDRO, OVER THE PAST 22 YEARS, HAS HAD TO PURCHASE SMALL QUANTITIES OF ELECRICITY ~50%
OF THE TIME FROM OUTSIDE THE PROVINCE TO MEET DOMESTIC DEMAND (MAINLY FROM BASE LOAD
GENERATION PLANTS: COAL (ALBERTA, SASKATCHEWAN & USA) AND NUCLEAR (USA)) – THIS IS
SHAMEFUL THAT B.C. HAS NOT BEEN ABLE TO FULLY SUPPLY ITS OWN ELECTRICITY NEEDS.
• THE PROVINCE IS HEADING STRAIGHT INTO POWER PURGATORY WITHOUT ANY CLEAR PLAN TOWARD
RENEWED ENERGY SELF SUFFICIENCY. UNDER WAC BENNETT IN THE 1970'S, B.C. HYDRO HAD A
NUCLEAR GROUP STUDYING NUCLEAR POWER OPTIONS FOR B.C. BEYOND SITE C HYDRO POWER.
PREMIER BENNETT KNEW THAT WE WERE REACHING THE SATURATION LIMIT ON BIG DAMS AND THE
FUTURE POWER ECONOMICS WERE MOVING TOWARD HAT CREEK COAL (B.C. HYDRO SPENT $80
MILLION ON THIS PROJECT IN THE 1970'S) AND NUCLEAR. IN ADDITION, B.C.'S MAJOR POWER
GENERATION WAS REMOTE FROM THE MAIN LOAD IN SOUTHWESTERN B.C. HENCE, TRANSMISSION
CAPITAL, TRANSMISSION LOSSES AND POWER FACTOR PROBLEMS (VOLTAGE AND AMPERAGE OUT OF
PHASE) NEGATIVELY IMPACTED ECONOMICS OF MORE REMOTE HYDRO SITES. HAT CREEK COAL AND
NUCLEAR WOULD BOTH PUT MAJOR POWER GENERATION NEAR THE LOAD IN SOUTHWESTERN B.C.
WAC BENNETT ALWAYS STRIVED TO PUT B.C. ON THE LEADING EDGE IN THE WORLD WITH MODERN
LOW COST POWER GENERATION/TRANSMISSION, MODERN ROADS AND RAIL AND HIGH TECHNOLOGY
COMMUNICATIONS. IN THE PAST 22 YEARS WE HAVE LET THIS COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE SLIP AWAY.
• GREEN ENERGY HAS BEEN THE MANTRA OF THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT AND HYDRO FOR SEVERAL
YEARS. HOWEVER, IT IS NOT A VALID ECONOMIC ALTERNATIVE TO THE ESTABLISHED POWER
GENERATION METHODS, INCLUDING MAINLY COAL, NUCLEAR, HYDRO AND NATURAL GAS. THE DANISH
GOVERNMENT, ORIGINAL LEADERS IN GREEN ENERGY, DECIDED ON JANUARY 24, 2002 TO DROP PLANS
FOR INSTALLING THREE OFFSHORE WIND POWER FARMS. ECONOMICS MINISTER BENDT BENDTSEN
JUSTIFIED HIS DECISION BY STATING, "WE ARE VERY CONCERNED ABOUT THE COSTS FOR SOCIETY AND
DENMARK'S COMPETITIVENESS IF WE CONTINUE TO EXPAND THE USE OF GREEN ENERGY". TODAY
GERMANY IS AGAIN BUILDING COAL FIRED POWER PLANTS AS WIND AND SOLAR HAVE BEEN A
MISERABLE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FAILURE.
• AT THIS TIME B.C. SHOULD ALSO CONSIDER NATURAL GAS FIRED POWER PLANTS AS THE CAPITAL COST
IS LOW AND THE NATURAL GAS SUPPLY IS IMMENSE AND INEXPENSIVE.
38
John A Chapman

39. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE SIXTH LARGEST POWER PLANT IN THE WORLD IS THE BRUCE NUCLEAR REACTOR IN ONTARIO,
CANADA (6,810MW). SOUTH KOREA’S YONGGWANG NUCLEA PLANT, SHOWN ON THIS SLIDE, IS THE
TENTH LARGEST POWER PLANT IN THE WORLD.
• BILL WALKER AT LEWROCKWELL.COM STATES, “ONE METRIC TON (TONNE) OF URANIUM COMPLETELY
FISSIONED EQUALS APPROXIMATELY 2 MILLION TONNES OF OIL. SO THE WORLD’S 46 MILLION TONNES
OF CURRENTLY AVAILABLE NUCLEAR FUEL IS ROUGHLY EQUAL TO 92 TRILLION TONNES OF OIL, OR
24,000 YEARS OF WORLD OIL USAGE.”
• SEE: HTTPS://WWW.21STCENTURYSCIENCETECH.COM/SAMPLE.HTML FOR MANY SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY ARTICLES THAT PROVIDE INFORMATION ON THE MANY BENEFITS OF NUCLEAR POWER.
• ON THE FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI PLANT DAMAGE BY THE TSUNAMI SURGE, DR. TED ROCKWELL, A NUCLEAR
EXPERT, STATED, “…YOU HAVE RADIATION ZEALOTS THREATENING TO ORDER PEOPLE OUT OF THEIR
HOMES, TO WANDER, HOMELESS AND PANIC STRICKEN, THROUGH THE BATTERED COUNTRYSIDE, TO
DO WHAT? ALL TO AVOID A TRIVIAL RADIATION LEVEL, LOWER THAN IF YOU WENT SKIING.”
• ON JULY 23, 2010 NOVOSTI, INTERFAX, INTERIA, OTHER BELARUSIAN, RUSSIAN, AND POLISH NEWS
AGENCIES ANNOUNCED THAT THE GOVERNMENT OF BELARUS DECIDED TO RESETTLE HUNDREDS OF
THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE BACK INTO THE 2,000 GHOST‐VILLAGES IN THE CHERNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE
FROM WHICH THEY HAD BEEN HASTILY REMOVED 24 YEARS AGO. THE CURRENT DECISION OF THE
GOVERNMENT OF BELARUS IS AN IMPORTANT POLITICAL EVENT WHICH MAY BRING A POSITIVE
CHANGE IN ACCEPTANCE OF NUCLEAR POWER BY THE PUBLIC. IT PROBABLY RESULTS FROM YEARS OF
STUDIES REVIEWED BY UNSCEAR WHICH SHOW THAT THE CHERNOBYL CATASTROPHE CAUSED A
MINUSCULE RISK FOR THE GENERAL POPULATION. THE ONLY FATAL VICTIMS WERE AMONG THE
EMPLOYEES OF THE POWER STATION AND RESCUE WORKERS. THERE IS NO INCREASE OF NEOPLASTIC
MORTALITY AMONG THESE WORKERS, NOR OF CANCER INCIDENCE AND HEREDITARY DISEASES AMONG
THE INHABITANTS OF “CONTAMINATED AREAS”(UNSCEAR 2008). UNSCEAR IS THE UNITED NATIONS
SCIENCE COMMITTEE ON THE EFFECTS OF ATOMIC RADIATION.
39
John A Chapman

40. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• GERMANY HAS JUST COMPLETED A NEW 2,200MW COAL FIRED POWER PLANT
(LARGER THAN CANADA’S LARGEST AT SUNDANCE WEST OF EDMONTON) NEAR
COLOGNE – 23 NEW COAL FIRED POWER PLANTS ARE NOW UNDER CONSTRUCTION IN
GERMANY. GERMANY EXPLAINS THESE PLANTS ARE NECESSARY AS WIND AND SOLAR
HAVE TURNED OUT TO BE UNAFFORDABLY EXPENSIVE AND UNRELIABLE
• ELECTRIFICATION WAS THE TOP RATED ENGINEERING IMPROVEMENT TO THE LIFE OF
EARTHLINGS IN THE PAST CENTURY. THE MAJORITY OF THE TOP 20 ACHIEVEMENTS
WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN POSSIBLE WITHOUT WIDESPREAD DISTRIBUTION OF
ELECTRICITY. ELECTRIFICATION CHANGED NORTH AMERICA’S ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT AND GAVE RURAL POPULATIONS THE SAME OPPORTUNITIES AND
AMENITIES AS PEOPLE IN THE CITIES. IT PROVIDES THE POWER FOR SMALL
APPLIANCES IN THE HOME, FOR COMPUTERS IN CONTROL ROOMS THAT ROUTE
POWER AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS, AND FOR THE MACHINERY THAT PRODUCES
CAPITAL GOODS AND CONSUMER PRODUCTS. CLEARLY, THE READY AVAILABILITY OF
THE ELECTRIC POWER WE USE IN OUR HOMES AND BUSINESSES EXEMPLIFIES HOW
ENGINEERING CHANGED THE WORLD DURING THE 20TH CENTURY. SEE:
HTTP://WWW.GREATACHIEVEMENTS.ORG/?ID=4793
• THE SMALL RUN‐OF‐RIVER HYDRO ELECTRIC PLANTS BUILT BY INDEPENDENT POWER
PRODUCERS IN B.C. IN MY OPINION ARE EXPENSIVE AND INSIGNIFICANT TO THE
PROVINCIAL POWER NEEDS. THEY HAVE CAUSED A TROUBLING INCREASE IN
ELECTRICITY PRICES IN THE LAST FEW YEARS.
• IN ADDITION, IT IS MY OPINION THAT THE WIND FARMS AND SOLAR POWER
FACILITIES BUILT IN B.C. UNDER THE GREEN ENERGY PLAN ARE A SIGNIFICANT
TECHNICAL (UNRELIABLE) AND ECONOMIC (ULTRA EXPENSIVE) FAILURE.
40
John A Chapman

41. Push Back Against Negative Voices
AS STATED IN THE 2011/2012 FRASER INSTITUTE MINING STUDY, B.C. IS UNDER‐PERFORMING
November 1, 2012
ON ITS MINERAL PRODUCTION POTENTIAL AND CHANGES ARE NEEDED
NOW IF WE ARE TO REAP THE BENEFITS OF GREATER ECONOMIC WEALTH TO PAY DOWN
PROVINCIAL DEBT AND TO FUND SOCIAL PROGRAMS.
41
John A Chapman

42. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE FRASER INSTITUTE SURVEY OF MINING COMPANIES 2011/2012 RANKS B.C. AS IN
THE TOP 25% IN THE WORLD FOR MINERAL POTENTIAL BASED UPON INDUSTRY BEST
PRACTICE STANDARDS. HOWEVER, B.C. ONLY RANKS ONLY SLIGHTLY ABOVE AVERAGE
UNDER EXISTING REGULATIONS AND CONDITIONS (ENVIRONMENTALIST AND
ABORIGINAL CHALLENGES) – THEREFORE SHOWING THE PROVINCE HAS
CONSIDERABLE ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT.
• THE CURRENT MINERAL POTENTIAL INDEX IS BASED ON RESPONDENTS’ ANSWERS TO
THE QUESTION ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT A JURISDICTION’S MINERAL POTENTIAL
UNDER THE CURRENT POLICY ENVIRONMENT ENCOURAGES OR DISCOURAGES
EXPLORATION.
• THE POLICY POTENTIAL INDEX IS A COMPOSITE INDEX THAT MEASURES THE EFFECTS
ON EXPLORATION OF GOVERNMENT POLICIES INCLUDING UNCERTAINTY CONCERNING
THE ADMINISTRATION, INTERPRETATION, AND ENFORCEMENT OF EXISTING
REGULATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS; REGULATORY DUPLICATION AND IN
CONSISTENCIES; TAXATION; UNCERTAINTY CONCERNING NATIVE LAND CLAIMS AND
PROTECTED AREAS; INFRASTRUCTURE; SOCIO ECONOMIC AGREEMENTS; POLITICAL
STABILITY; LABOR ISSUES; GEOLOGICAL DATA BASE; AND SECURITY. THIS YEAR, A
QUESTION ON CORRUPTION WAS ADDED.
• REFER TO THE FRASER INSTITUTE WEBSITE FOR A COPY OF THE COMPLETE REPORT ON
ANNUAL SURVEY OF MINING COMPANIES 2011/2012. SEE: HTTP://WWW.FRASERINSTITUTE.ORG/
42
John A Chapman

43. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• BEST PRACTICES MINERAL POTENTIAL INDEX SHOWS THE MINERAL POTENTIAL OF
JURISDICTIONS, ASSUMING THEIR POLICIES ARE BASED ON “BEST PRACTICES.” IN
OTHER WORDS, THIS FIGURE REPRESENTS, IN A SENSE, A JURISDICTION’S “PURE”
MINERAL POTENTIAL, SINCE IT ASSUMES A “BEST PRACTICES” POLICY REGIME.
• ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT INDEX IS ONE OF THE MOST REVEALING IN THIS STUDY. IT
SUBTRACTS EACH JURISDICTION’S SCORE FOR MINERAL POTENTIAL UNDER “BEST
PRACTICES” FROM MINERAL POTENTIAL UNDER “CURRENT” REGULATIONS.
• REFER TO THE FRASER INSTITUTE WEBSITE FOR A COPY OF THE COMPLETE REPORT ON
ANNUAL SURVEY OF MINING COMPANIES 2011/2012. SEE: HTTP://WWW.FRASERINSTITUTE.ORG/
43
John A Chapman

44. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• IN TODAY’S HIGHLY COMPETITIVE WORLD IT IS IMPORTANT THAT B.C. HAS AN
EFFICIENT AND DEMOCRATIC LABOUR MARKET AND A PRODUCTIVE WELL‐TRAINED
LABOUR FORCE.
44
John A Chapman

45. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• "Communism as a theory of social management and social organization has been
shredded! Man is not purely “economic” he is instead driven by the need for:
freedom, dignity, self determination and self expression." 1990 Fall of Berlin Wall,
Anon
• http://www.scribd.com/doc/2287195/1935‐Communism‐in‐British‐Columbia
45
John A Chapman

46. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THE SIERRA LEGAL DEFENCE FUND (NOW ECOJUSTICE), EARTH FIRST, GREENPEACE, ET.
AL. TRIED TO TAKE OVER THE ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE OF CALIFORNIA WITH
THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT “BIG GREEN” INITIATIVE IN 1990 (SHUT
DOWN PARTS OF THE RESOURCE, CHEMICAL AND AGRICULTURE INDUSTRIES). BIG
GREEN BECAME CALIFORNIA REFERENDUM PROPOSITION 128 AND WENT TO THE
ELECTORATE ON NOVEMBER 6, 1990. IT WAS SOUNDLY DEFEATED BY THE CALIFORNIA
VOTERS, LOSING BY A MARGIN OF 2 TO 1. THIS WAS A DARK DAY INDEED FOR THE
RADICAL ENVIRONMENTALISTS THAT HAD MADE CALIFORNIA THEIR HOME (POWER
BASE) SINCE THE MAINLY BERKELEY UNIVERSITY SPAUNING OF THE “CONSERVATION
BIOLOGY” UTOPION “ELEVATE NATURE AND DENIGRATE MAN” CAUSE IN THE LATE
1960S AND EARLY 1970S (ANTI NUCLEAR, ANTI FURS AND PRO NO GROWTH). SEE:
HTTP://BALLOTPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/INDEX.PHP/CALIFORNIA_PROPOSITION_128,_ENVIRONMENTAL_PROTECTION_ACT_(1990)
• UPON LOSING, THESE CALIFORNIA BASED BIG GREEN PROPONENTS SCRAMBLED TO
REGAIN LOST MOMENTUM AND IMMEDIATELY TURNED TO BRITISH COLUMBIA AS A
NEW SOCIALIST‐ENVIRONMENTAL “HOME”, HAVING BEEN ESSENTIALLY THROWN OUT
OF CALIFORNIA BY THE VOTERS. THEY MOVED MONEY AND PEOPLE TO B.C. AND
COMMENCED THEIR RADICAL NO GROWTH ANTICS HERE. UNFORTUNATELY THEY
WERE ABLE, IN MANY CASES, TO BECOME CHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONS AND BEGAN
ATTACKING THE CANADIAN RESOURCE INDUSTRIES (FORESTRY AND MINING) WITH
CANADIAN TAX DOLLARS – SHAME ON CANADA. SEE: HTTP://WWW.AMAZON.COM/ECO‐FASCISTS‐CONSERVATIONISTS‐
DESTROYING‐HERITAGE‐EBOOK/DP/B007EDCU0O
• SOME OF THESE ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS HAVE ADOPTED THE MAFIA
PROTECTION RACKET BY SHAKING DOWN OPERATORS IN THE RESOURCE INDUSTRY
AND AS IF THAT WAS NOT BAD ENOUGH AT THE SAME TIME THEY COLLECT MONEY
FROM THE PUBLIC BY SAYING THEY ARE SAVING THE PLANET.
46
John A Chapman

47. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• JUST LIKE THE UNION TACTIC OF COMPLAINING ABOUT THE FOOD IN CAMP, AS THEY
WOULD GET INTO TROUBLE IF THEY TOOK DIRECT JOB ACTION, MOST ABORIGINALS
AND ENVIRONMENTALISTS USE THE SALMON AS THEIR POINT OF COMPLAINT. IN MY
OPINION IT IS NONSENSE – THE SALMON ARE FINE BASED UPON A REVIEW OF THE
SCIENCE AND FISH COUNTS IN B.C.’S MAJOR WEST COAST RIVERS.
• THE FRASER RIVER WATERSHED HAS SPAWNED EXTENSIVE ECONOMIC GROWTH OVER
THE PAST 100 YEARS INCLUDING TOWNS, CITIES, EXTENSIVE LOGGING, MINING, ETC.
AND YET THE RIVER CONTINUES TO BE A WORLD LEADING SALMON PRODUCER – SO
MUCH FOR THE ABORIGINAL’S AND ENVIRONMENTALIST’S FEAR MONGERING
REGARDING THE STATE OF THE B.C. SALMON.
• IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT IN 2010 THE WILD SALMON CATCH IN B.C. HAD A
WHOLESALE VALUE OF $238 MILLION VERSUS FARMED (CULTURED) SALMON AT $560
MILLION.
• IT IS INTERESTING TO NOTE THAT AMONG THE FISH SALMON ARE ONE OF THE LEAST
EFFICIENT PROTEIN GENERATORS BECAUSE THEY ARE A CARNIVOROUS SPECIES.
HERBIVOROUS FISH SPECIES SUCH AS CARP, TILAPIA AND CATFISH ARE THE MOST
EFFICIENT PROTEIN PRODUCERS AND FOR THAT REASON DOMINATE FISH
PRODUCTION (FARMING) IN THE WORLD.
47
John A Chapman

48. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• THERE ARE STEADILY IMPROVING SALMON RETURNS (CATCH PLUS ESCAPEMENT TO
SPAWNING GROUNDS) IN THE FRASER RIVER SINCE THE 1914 FRASER CANYON ROCK
SLIDE.
• THE VERY HIGH (NEAR RECORD) RETURNS OF PINK (2009) AND SOCKEYE (2010) IN B.C.
RIVERS MAY REFLECT THE “SEEDING” OF THE OCEANS WITH MICRON IRON DUST
FROM THE ALASKA VOLCANOES ACTIVE AT THAT TIME. IRON IN THE SUNLIT UPPER
OCEAN STIMULATES A PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOM. THIS BLOOM ENHANCES
BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY, WHICH CAN BENEFIT THE MARINE FOOD CHAIN.
48
John A Chapman

49. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• LIKE THE FRASER RIVER THE SKEENA CONTINUES TO SHOW A HEALTHY SALMON POPULATION,
INCLUDING THE BABINE RETURNS.
• FERTILIZER WOULD MOST LIKELY NEED TO BE ADDED IN ORDER TO INCREASE SALMON SMOLT
ABUNDANCE IN BABINE LAKE. FERTILIZING LAKES, SUCH AS THOSE IN THE B.C. KOOTENAY REGION, IS A
COMMON WORLD WIDE METHOD OF INCREASING FOOD SUPPLY FOR FISH. AT ALL TIMES THE COST
EFFECTIVENESS OF FERTILIZATION NEEDS TO BE CONSIDERED (COST/BENEFIT ANALYSIS).
• THE BIG WINNER IN THE ANIMAL PROTEIN SWEEPSTAKES HAS BEEN AQUACULTURE, LARGELY BECAUSE
HERBIVOROUS FISH CONVERT FEED INTO PROTEIN SO EFFICIENTLY. AQUACULTURE OUTPUT EXPANDED
FROM 13 MILLION TONS IN 1990 TO 42 MILLION TONS IN 2003, GROWING BY MORE THAN 10 PERCENT
A YEAR. CHINA, THE LEADING PRODUCER, ACCOUNTS FOR AN ASTOUNDING TWO THIRDS OF GLOBAL
OUTPUT. AQUACULTURAL PRODUCTION IN CHINA IS DOMINATED BY FINFISH (MOSTLY CARP), WHICH
ARE PRODUCED INLAND IN FRESHWATER PONDS, LAKES, RESERVOIRS, AND RICE PADDIES, AND BY
SHELLFISH (MOSTLY OYSTERS, CLAMS, AND MUSSELS), WHICH ARE PRODUCED MOSTLY IN COASTAL
REGIONS.
• CHINA HAS DEVELOPED A REMARKABLY EFFICIENT FISH POLYCULTURE USING FOUR TYPES OF CARP
THAT FEED AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF THE FOOD CHAIN, IN EFFECT EMULATING NATURAL AQUATIC
ECOSYSTEMS. SILVER CARP AND BIGHEAD CARP ARE FILTER FEEDERS, EATING PHYTOPLANKTON AND
ZOOPLANKTON RESPECTIVELY. THE GRASS CARP, AS ITS NAME IMPLIES, FEEDS LARGELY ON
VEGETATION, WHILE THE COMMON CARP IS A BOTTOM FEEDER, LIVING ON DETRITUS. THESE FOUR
SPECIES THUS FORM A SMALL ECOSYSTEM, WITH EACH FILLING A PARTICULAR NICHE. THIS MULTI‐SPECIES
SYSTEM, WHICH CONVERTS FEED INTO HIGH‐QUALITY PROTEIN WITH REMARKABLE
EFFICIENCY, YIELDED SOME 13 MILLION TONS OF CARP IN 2002. CHINA’S AQUACULTURE IS OFTEN
INTEGRATED WITH AGRICULTURE, ENABLING FARMERS TO USE AGRICULTURAL WASTES, SUCH AS PIG
OR DUCK MANURE, TO FERTILIZE PONDS, THUS STIMULATING THE GROWTH OF PLANKTON ON WHICH
THE FISH FEED. FISH POLYCULTURE, WHICH COMMONLY BOOSTS POND PRODUCTIVITY OVER THAT OF
MONOCULTURES BY AT LEAST HALF, IS WIDELY PRACTICED IN BOTH CHINA AND INDIA. SEE:
HTTP://WWW.EARTH‐POLICY.ORG/BOOKS/PB2/PB2CH9_SS4
• B.C. IS A VERY SMALL PLAYER COMPARED WITH CHINA – OUR 2010 ANNUAL SALMON PRODUCTION
WAS ~75,000 TONNES FARMED AND ~15,000 TONNES WILD.
49
John A Chapman

50. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• POLICY CREEP TOWARD CURRENT ZERO TOLERANCE RELATED TO METAL LEACHING/ACID ROCK DRAINAGE
(ML/ARD) PROVINCIAL LEGISLATION, REGULATIONS AND POLICIES IN B.C. IS DESTROYING METAL RESOURCES
AND DISCOURAGING NEW MINE DEVELOPMENT IN THE PROVINCE . ELECTED OFFICIALS MUST REVIEW AND
COMPLETELY OVERHAUL THE MINE PERMITTING DEPARTMENT OF THE B.C. MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINES
SO THAT IT IS SIMILAR TO OTHER MAJOR METAL PRODUCING JURISDICTIONS IN THE WORLD.
• AS ML/ARD HAS BECOME A BIG ISSUE WITH B.C. MEM STAFF SINCE THE MID 1970S, THERE HAS BEEN A
MOVE TO PLACE POTENTIAL ML/ARD ROCK UNDER‐WATER TO PREVENT OXIDATION AND RELATED METAL
RELEASE. UNDER‐WATER DISPOSAL TARGETS TAILINGS PONDS, THE SEA, DEEP LAKES OR FLOODED OPEN‐PITS.
THESE PRACTICES ARE EXPENSIVE BECAUSE THEY USUALLY REQUIRE A LONGER THAN NORMAL HAUL
AND CAN CREATE AN INCREASED OPERATING HAZARD. THE PRACTICE OF BACK‐FILLING OPEN‐PITS
NORMALLY RENDERS AS UNECONOMIC, POTENTIALLY ECONOMIC METALS, CONTAINED BELOW AND BESIDE
THE OPEN‐PIT. WORLD‐WIDE THERE ARE MANY PORPHYRY DEPOSITS THAT HAVE OPERATED MORE THAN 50
YEARS, WHEREBY IMPROVEMENTS IN TECHNOLOGY, AND SOMETIMES INCREASING METAL PRICES, HAS
CREATED OPPORTUNITIES FOR MINERS TO DIG EVER DEEPER BY PUSHING BACK OPEN‐PIT WALLS AND
SPIRALING DOWN TO LOWER LEVELS IN THE OREBODY. DUMPING POTENTIAL ML/ARD ROCK, AS “WASTE”
MATERIAL, INTO AN OPEN‐PIT CAN STERILIZE TENS OF MILLIONS OF DOLLARS OF POTENTIALLY ECONOMIC
METALS AS UNECONOMIC, WITHIN THE PLACED ROCK AND IN THE DEPOSIT BELOW AND BESIDE THE OPEN‐PIT.
IN ADDITION, DUMPING POTENTIAL ML/ARD ROCK INTO THE SEA OR DEEP LAKES NOT ONLY RENDERS
MARGINAL METALS FOREVER UNECONOMIC BUT IT ALSO CAUSES CONCERN FOR THE FEDERAL DEPARTMENT
OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS (DFO). IT IS INTERESTING TO NOTE THAT MANY LARGE B.C. OPEN‐PIT METAL
MINES OPERATED EFFICIENTLY AND EFFECTIVELY DURING THE 1960S AND EARLY 1970S BY DUMPING ALL
HIGH LOW‐GRADE, LOW LOW‐GRADE AND WASTE ROCKS UPON THE LAND, AND IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE
OPEN‐PITS FROM WHICH THEY WERE EXTRACTED. THE MINES INCLUDED: BRENDA, BETHLEHEM,
CRAIGMONT, ENDAKO, GRANISLE, SIMILCO, B.C. MOLY, LORNEX, GIBRALTAR, HIGHMONT, BELL, AFTON AND
HIGHLAND VALLEY AND THEY HAVE PRODUCED TENS OF BILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN WEALTH FOR
SHAREHOLDERS, LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND B.C. RESIDENTS THROUGH WAGES, PURCHASES OF GOODS AND
SERVICES, PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS AND TAXES. TO MY KNOWLEDGE NONE OF THESE MINES HAVE BECOME
A SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM, AND YET THEIR RESIDUAL LOW‐GRADE MATERIALS ARE
STOCKPILED ON LAND SUCH THAT THEY COULD BE RECOVERED SHOULD THERE BE INCREASES IN METAL
PRICES AND/OR IMPROVEMENTS IN METAL RECOVERY TECHNOLOGY.
50
John A Chapman

51. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• IN MY OPINION THE ABORIGINAL CHALLENGES TO THE ECONOMIC WELL BEING OF
BRITISH COLUMBIA ARE REACHING A BREAKING POINT. THE FOUR MAJOR B.C. MINES
THAT HAVE BEEN DENIED PERMITS SINCE 1993, MAINLY BECAUSE OF NEGATIVE
ABORIGINAL POLICIES, IS NOW COSTING THE PROVINCE AND CANADA SOME $1.5
BILLION OF LOST ANNUAL MINERAL PRODUCTION REVENUE. CONTINUING NEGATIVE
ABORIGINAL CHALLENGES (MAINLY WITH TAXPAYERS’ MONEY), OFTEN IN LOCK‐STEP
WITH RADICAL ENVIRONMENTALISTS, TO PROPOSED MINERAL, HYDROCARBON AND
FOREST DEVELOPMENTS IS PUSHING B.C. INTO SERIOUS ECONOMIC DECLINE.
51
John A Chapman

52. November 1, 2012
Push Back Against Negative Voices
• PEOPLE IN BURNS LAKE THAT ARE PRO RESOURCE AND INFRASTRUCTURE
DEVELOPMENT SHOULD BAND TOGETHER IN A CLUB OR ORGANIZATION THAT CAN
COUNTER (USING SCIENCE AND COMMON SENSE) NEGATIVE GROUP VOICES AT
PUBLIC HEARINGS IN THE AREA.
52
John A Chapman

53. November 1, 2012
53
Push Back Against Negative Voices
John A Chapman