Academic Paper Writing Service http://StudyHub.vip/AN-ANALYSIS-OF-ENGLISH-LOAN-WORDS-USED- 👈

1. 1
AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LOAN WORDS USED IN KOMPAS DAILY NEWSPAPER
(A Case Study in Kompas Daily Newspaper)
Neneng Susilowati
susilowatineng@gmail.com
English Education Study Program Language and Arts Department Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan
Ilmu Pendidikan (STKIP) Siliwangi Bandung
ABSTRACT
The objectives of this research entitled “An Analysis of English Loan words used in Kompas Daily Newspaper”
were to analyze and to identify the English loan words used in Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan column of
Kompas, from 8
th
until 24
th
May, 2012 and 4
th
June, 2012. In this research, the writer used descriptive
qualitative method. The instrument used in this research was Kompas daily newspaper in Ekonomi, Pendidikan
dan Kebudayaan column, from 8
th
until 24
th
May, 2012 and 4
th
June, 2012. The populations were all the texts of
Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan article issued since 8
th
until 24
th
May, 2012 and 4
th
June, 2012, and the
sample of this research was entire population. The collected data were identified, classified, and analyzed based
on Sudjono’s theory. The results of the research showed that there were 184 English loan words that found in 13
articles. There were 22 types of simple loan words (0,598151%), 125 types of complex loan words
(3,398586%), and 37 types of translated loan words (1,005982%). According to the results above the writer
concluded that the complex loan words (3,398586%), was the most frequently used and simple loan words
(0,598151%) was the least frequently used in Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan article issued Kompas daily
newspaper.
Key Words: Loan word
A. BACKGROUND
Language can be influenced by the social
phenomena such as the development of human
though and culture. One of the kind language is
Indonesian as one of language in the world also
developes from time and influenced by the human
thought and the result of cultural contact. Widely
used language for people to convey messages from
one person to another, people
will speak the language of the others so that the
message was accepted. Messages can be up to the
recipient of the message and deliver a message not
just through conversation, but also through the
information presented in writing. For example,
information through print media.
Print media is one of tools that can be used as a
social institution that uses language as a medium of
information for people community. The use of
language for many people, is typically used by social
language to be easily understood by everyone. The
use of language in the delivery of information may
come from one, two or more languages that can be
presented through the absorption of a language.
Absorption of a language from another language
due to contact between two languages or one
language to another. The example is the uptake of
Indonesian words from English. Uptake of words in
Indonesian that are absorbed from the English
language must be known so the information can be
understood by any information provider or receiver
that uses two languages, either English or Indonesian.
Indonesian language not only absorbs the
meaning the language neighbour country, but also
absorbs the aspect of the form. The effect of these
phenomena causes many variation in using
Indonesian in Indonesia daily life. In its development,
Indonesia absorbs the influence from many languages
all over the world. The form of words, phrases, and
clauses, in regional languages like Dutch, English,
Arabic, etc, are playing important role in influencing
the form of Indonesia language.
Based on all of the reason that explained above,
so the writer will discuss loanwords in mass media.
The reason of the use mass media newspaper for this
research because of the language that used short,
simple, understanable and solid interesting. It means
that press as means of mass communication has a big
responsibility in the establishment of a language.

2. 2
The kind of mass communication that used by the
writer is Kompas daily newspaper. It is one of the
newspaper from Indonesia, in an Indonesia
newspaper is one of mass media there are many word
either initially from Indonesia language and other
language. The other language that used in this
research is loanword from English language. From all
explanation above, so the writer will discuss about
An Analysis of English Loan Words Used in Kompas
Daily Newspaper.
Every we make something that important, we
must have objective to get these. Because the
objective is one of important element to make well.
The objective of this research are :
1. The writer wants to know how many English
loanwords founded in column of Kompas from 8th
, 9
th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
, 15th
, 21nd
, 24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012.
2. To clarify the types of English loanwords used in
column of Kompas from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
,
15th
, 21nd
, 24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012.
3. To know what types of English loanwords is the
most frequently English loanwords are founded in
Ekonomi,Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (culture and
education, economic) article column of Kompas from
8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
, 15th
, 21nd
, 24th
May 2012,
4th
June 2012.
To know what types of English loanwords is the least
frequently English loanwords are founded in
Ekonomi,Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (culture and
education, economic) article column of Kompas from
8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
, 15th
, 21nd.
B. THEORETICAL FOUNDATION
This research needs theory to strengthen the
research. The research use theory can get support to
analyze the problem and it can strengthen the reader
to believe the research. There are many kinds of
theoretical that synchrony with this research:
1. Sociolinguistic
Jendra (2010:9) describes that “Sociolinguistics is
a branch of linguistics that takes language as an
object of study, in a way that is usually distinguished
from how syntax, semantic, morphology, and
phonology handle it”. From sociolinguistic we can
know about language. Gumperz (1972:14) describes
“Language is regarded as a set of rules enabling
speakers to translate information from the outside
world into sound. Social categories are part of this
outside” world along with physical environments,
cultural artifacts, myths, etc.
2. Language Contact
Jendra (2010:67) states that Language contact is a
sociolinguistic circumstance where two or more
languages, elements of different languages, or
varieties within a language, used simultaneously or
mixed one over the others. The concept has been
used to cover a situation where people choose to
switch from using a language to another for particular
reasons as well as for no obvious reasons. Forms of
language contact have been also described to result
from spontaneous acts of the speakers.
3. Bilingual
Jendra (2010:68) states that “Lots of western
people are still monolinguals these day. But there are
actually many more that are not. People who are not
monolinguals but speak two languages everyday are
named bilinguals (bilingual people)”. Jendra
(2010:69) states “bilingual people has been now
common to use the term bilinguals to include people
who are actually more properly identified as
multilinguals”.
4. Borrowing Words
According to Jendra (2010:81), besides choosing,
switching, and mixing some codes, a bilingual often
borrows lexical items (words) from another language
and uses it in his/her utterance. Borrowing foreign
words does not require a high degree of fluency in a
different language.
5. Loanwords
Jendra (2010:88) according to the level of the
necessity in borrowing the words, loanwords are
distinguished further into two types, namely
necessary and unnecessary loanwords. Necessary
loanwords, also named importations, are words
borrowed from foreign language by bilinguals into
their utterance because they find there is no exact
word in their own language that can express what
they mean.
Jendra (2010:89) states that “Unnecessary
loanwords are the words from a foreign language that
are borrowed although there are actually
corresponding words in the receiver language that
may be used to subtitute them (subtitutions)”.
6. Type of Loanwords
Haugen (1950:214) in
http//:www.wikipedia.types of loanword,
distinguishes three basic of loanword they are:

3. 3
This type shows morphemic important without
subtitution. Any morphemic important can be further
classified. According to the degree of phonemic
subtitution : none, partial, and complete. There are
kinds of loan word.
a. Loan word without phonetic subtitution, the
spelling of the loan word is not adapted to Indonesian
: however the pronunciation is adapted from
indonesian.
Example :
Indonesian English
Target from target
Normal normal
Set set
Media media
b. Loan word with partial phonetic subtitution
Is english loan words that has been adapted partially
to Indonesia both in spelling and the pronunciation,
and is changed in the end of the word.
Solusi solution
Adaptasi adaptation
Indikasi indication
Distribusi distribution
c. Loan word with complete phonetic subtitution is
english loanwords which have the spelling and
pronunciation changed to indonesian completely and
some words the pronunciation stay as they are even
the spelling is changed to indonesian
Example
Akademik academic
Nama name
Kualitas quality
Universitas university
According to Samsuri (1994:57-65) stated in his
book Analisa Bahasa, based on the structure English
loan words are divided into three types:
a. Simple word
There are two characteristic of simple words, first
the spelling of the word is not adapted to Indonesian:
however, the pronounciation is adapted, such as the
word Target from target, Surplus from surplus,
Global from global. And second the spelling of loan
words is adapted to Indonesian; however, the
pronounciation is not adapted, such as the word
Minimum from minimum, Maksimal from maximal.
b. Complex word
Complex word has been adapted to Indonesian both
in the spelling and the pronounciation. The examples
of English loan words in the form of complex word
are produksi from produce, institusi from institution,
nasional from national.
c. Translated word in Indonesian
Translated word is type of English loan words
can be defined as Indonesian expression which is a
translation of English. The
example of English loan words in the form of
translated word is produk nasional from national
product, ekonomi domestik from domestic economic.
7. Loan blends
Jendra (2010:91) describes about loanblends are
formed through combining the word of foreign
language and a word of the base language. Compared
to loanwords, this type of word-borrowing is rather
rare. This classsic example is gumbaum that blends
the English gum and the German baum.
8. Loan shifts
Jendra (2010:92) describes about loanshifts refer
to words whch are formed by borrowing only the
meanings found in the words of the foreign resources.
Thus, unlike loanwords and loanblends, in loanshifts
only the meanings are borrowed while the forms are
replaced by the ones found in the language.
C. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1. Research Design
In this research, the writer use descriptive.
Descriptive research has two kinds of research, there
are ethnographic research and survey research. The
kind of this research is ethnographic research. Crowl
(1996:11) states that “Ethnographic research is a
form of descriptive research that relies heavily on
qualitative methods largely developed by
anthropologists and sociologists”.
The purpose of ethnographic research is to
provide a rich, detailed verbal description of how
members of a culture perceive the culture. Researcher
use descriptive research design because to know
english loanwords that adapted by indonesian word
and the different about pronounced in Kompas daily
newspaper.
2. Research Method
This research use qualitative research method,
Crowl (1996:10) describes about “qualitative
research methods are used to examine questions that
can best be answered by verbally describing how
participants in a study perceive and interpret various
aspects of their environment”.
Qualitative research method is one of the types of
educational research. Educational researcher

4. 4
conventionally classify all researcher methods as
either qualitative or quantitative. The distinction is
important because the the kind of method selected by
a researcher offers an important clue to what the
researcher is trying to find out. This research is one
kind of qualitative research method.
3. Research Instrument
In collecting the data, the writer used analysis
document. The writer collected the data, which were
written from article in Kompas daily newspaper, and
then analyzed the data. The writer use tables in order
to further analyze the data. In spesific manner of
gathering the data, the writer did searching on
Kompas daily newspapers from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
,
12th
, 14th
, 15th
, 21nd
, 24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012.
4. Population and Sample
Crowl (1996:8) describes about “population are
groups consisting of all people to whom researchers
wish to apply their findings”. Sometimes researchers
conduct their studies using entire populations. The
population of this analysis were the article of the
Kompas, Ekonomi (Economy) and Pendidikan dan
Kebudayaan (Culture and Education) column.
Crowl (1996:8) describes about “sample which
are subsets of people used to represent populations”.
Moore (2001:8) describes about “a Sample is a part
of the population from w'hich we actually collect
information, used to draw conclusions about the
whole”. And sample this research use thirteen article
Ekonomi (Economy) and Pendidikan dan
Kebudayaan (Culture and Education) column of
Kompas it self from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
, 15th
,
21nd
, 24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012.
5. Research Data Collection
For research data collection in this research, the
writer was taken from culture and education,
economic column of Kompas. Firstly, the writer read
and rewrite the first issue of the source of data. Then,
the writer checked all words and also the terms that
might belong to English loanwords and listed them
into table.
6. Research Data Analysis
This research were collected data were identified,
classified, analyzed based on the categories of
loanwords. Here are the pattern to count the
loanwords rate. According to Sudjana (1996: 47) the
formula are:
P= F x 100 %
N
P= percentage
F= frequency of word
N= total of word,
And to know the total percentage calculation
from each edition, the writer use table.
7. Procedure Research
In this research, the writer used procedure to get
data. The procedure is collect instrument of data, data
is collected from Kompas daily news paper. And then
the writer read the column about culture & education
and also economic from Kompas daily newspaper.
After that, the writer arrange loanword from the
newspaper, analyze the article to find how many
kinds of loanword, how many least frequently and
most frequently loanword.
Not only that all, after that the writer search
research methodology for instance research design,
research method, research instrument, population and
sample, data collection, data analysis, procedure. And
than the writer must explain the statement of the
problem in this research, and give conclusion and
sugesstion for this research.
D. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
In this chapter, the writer will show loanword
in article, English loanword that founded in
article, show the line where English loanword
that founded in article and the writer will show
types of loanwords. The writer will tell the
element of loanword used in a table.
1. Result Analysis
The writer has serve 13rd
article as source of the
writer to find types of loanword, and then serve each
article in a table. The aim these tables are further the
writer to analyze how many kind of loanword, to
know English word from loanword that founded in
articles, and the last to further the writer find
calculation the least and the most frequently types of
loanwords in articles.
There are tables to know the total percentage
calculation from each edition, the table are :
Table.4.27 The Total Percentage Calculation
No. Data Sentence/word Loan
word
1. Article 1 233 4

5. 5
2. Article 2 401 23
3. Article 3 185 5
4. Article 4 399 20
5. Article 5 214 12
6. Article 6 316 14
7. Article 7 201 9
8. Article 8 319 19
9. Article 9 271 8
10. Article 10 347 18
11. Article 11 314 27
12. Article 12 267 15
13. Article 13 211 10
Total 3678 187
Percentage 5,084285%
The writer can conclude that the author of
Kompas article 1
st
to article 13
rd
, the edition are
economic and education article column of Kompas
from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
, 15th
, 21nd
, 24th
May
2012, 4th
June 2012 used 184 loanwords or
5,08425%. Then, based on the formula the total
percentages calculation from each types of loanwords
presented in the following table.
Table.4.28 The Total Percentage Calculation from
Each Types of Loanwords
No. Data
Types of Loanwords Total
word
Sim-
ple
word
Com
-plex
word
Trans-
lated
word
1. Article 1 0 4 0 233
2. Article 2 2 16 5 401
3. Article 3 1 3 1 185
4. Article 4 1 14 5 399
5. Article 5 2 6 4 214
6. Article 6 4 8 2 316
7. Article 7 1 8 0 201
8. Article 8 2 14 3 319
9. Article 9 1 4 3 271
10. Article 10 3 9 6 347
11. Article 11 1 24 2 314
12. Article 12 3 9 3 267
13. Article 13 1 6 3 211
Total 22 125 37 3678
Percentage
0,5981
51%
3,3985
86%
1,00598
2%
5,0027
19%
Based on data above, the author of article 1 to
article 13 in Ekonomi and Pendidikan & Kebudayaan
column of Kompas from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
,
15th
, 21nd
, 24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012, tends to used
complex word was the most frequently used and
simple word was the least frequently used . And
about precentage to complex word is 3,398586% and
to simple word is 0,598151%.
2. Discussion of the Study
This research discuss about English loanword.
English loanword is gotten by the writer in article
from Kompas daily newspaper (8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
,
12th
, 14th
, 15th
, 21nd
, 24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012).
Based on the objective in chapter 1,the writer explain
(look at table 4.15) the total percentages calculation
from each types of loanwords of article 1 to article 13
in the Ekonomi, Pendidikan & Kebudayaan column
of Kompas from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
, 15th
,
21nd
, 24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012.
There are three types of loanword, simple word,
complex word and translated word. From each
article, the writer founds 184 loanword from 3678
total word. There are 22 kinds of simple word, 125
kinds of complex word and 37 kinds of translated
loanword. Simple word was the least frequently used
(0,598151%) and complex word was the most
frequently used (3,398586%).
E. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGESSTIONS
1. Conclusions
In this, the writer will conclude about this
research after explain in the chapter fisrt until chapter
four. The conclution are
a. There are 184 English loanwords used in
Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan column of
Kompas from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
, 15th
, 21nd
,
24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012. And total of word from
article that used by the writer is about 3678 words
b. There are three types of English loanwords used
in this research. Fisrt about simple loanword,
complex loanword and the last about translated
loanword. The reesearch found English loanword in
Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan column of
Kompas from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
, 15th
, 21nd
,
24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012. Total of each types of
loanwords are 22 kinds of simple word, 125 kinds of
complex word and 37 kinds of translated loanword.
c. In this research that founded the types of English
loanwords is the most frequently and the least
frequently. The percentage most frequently is about
3,398586% for complex loanword and percentage for
the least frequently is about 0,598151%, the types of
loanword that has least frequently is simple word.

6. 6
2. Suggestions
In above, the writer has give explanation about
conclution. The next level, the writer will give
suggestion for this research. The suggestions are :
a. There are dificult to found source of loanword,
sometimes the writer confuse dificult to undestand
about loanword. Thats all situation happened because
there are lack information about loanword.
b. The writer hope this research can give advantages
to reader, generally about linguistic and specipically
about English loanword.
c. In this research the writer found the types of
loanword, many kinds of loanword from article 1 to
article 13 in the Ekonomi, Pendidikan & Kebudayaan
column of Kompas from 8th
, 9 th
, 10th
, 11th
, 12th
, 14th
,
15th
, 21nd
, 24th
May 2012, 4th
June 2012. The writer
suggest, in that daily news paper is least information
about loanword.
F. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Badudu, J S. 2003. Kamus Kata-Kata Serapan
Asing Dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta:
Kompas.
Crowl, Thomas K. 1996. Fundamentals of
Educational Research Second
Edition.United States : Brown &
Benchmark.
Crystal, D. 1980. A First Dictionary of
Linguistics and Phonetics (4thed).
London: Andre Deutsch Limited.
Crystal, D. 1997. English as a Global
language. London: Cambridge University
Press.
Gumperz, et al. 1972. Directions in
Sociolinguistics. United States: Rinehart
and Wiston, Inc.
Haugen ,Einar. 1979. The Ecology of
Language. Stanford : Stanford University
Press.
Jendra, I. 2010. Sociolinguistics, Study of
Societies’ Language. Yogyakarta: Graha
Ilmu.
Moore, David. 2001. Statistics, Concepts and
Controversises Fifth Edition. NewYork:
W.H Freeman and Company.
Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa
Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
1995. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia.
Jakarta : Balai Pustaka.
Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa
Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
1995. Pedoman Umum Pembentukkan
Istilah. Jakarta : Balai Pustaka
Samsuri. 1994. Analisa Bahasa (9th, ed).
Jakarta: Erlangga.
Yule, G. 1994. The Study Language. New
York: Cambridge University Press.