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Hip, Thigh & Leg Muscle Lab Guide
- 1. Lab Exercise 12 MUSCLES OF THE HIP, THIGH, LEG, AND FOOT
- 2. Anterior Muscles of the Hip and Thigh Iliopsoas 2 muscles: Iliacus and psoas major Major flexor of the thigh Psoas Minor Flexor of the thigh Sartorius Cross legged Shaped like an “S” Gracilis ADDucts the thigh
- 3. Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Most superficial muscle Crosses the hip joint therefore is the only muscle that flexes the thigh Vastus (Large) Vastus Lateralis Lateral Vastus Intermedius Deep to rectus femoris Vastus Medialis Most medial All these Extend the leg while only one member of the group flexes the thigh Patellar ligament common ligament for attachment Inserts on the tibial tuberosity
- 4. Medial Muscles of the Hip and Thigh GAP: ADDuctor muscles Gracilis ADDucts the thigh ADDuctor Brevis Shortest and is deep ADDuctor Longus ADDuctor Magnus Largest of the ADDuctor muscles Pectineus Most proximal
- 5. Lateral Aspect of the Thigh Tensor Fasciae Latae Lateral muscle of the thigh Attaches to a thick band of connective tissue Iliotibial Band Runs from the top of the pelvis (ilium) to the shin bone (tibia) Extend, ABDuct, and laterally rotate the hip. In addition, the ITB contributes to lateral knee stabilization
- 6. Posterior Muscle of the Hip and Thigh Gluteus Maximus Largest gluteal muscle Extends thigh when standing from a sitting position Gluteus Medius Superficial to minimus Gluteus Minimus Maintaining the center of gravity when walking When you raise one leg to walk gravity pulls your body in the direction of the lifted leg. On the stationary limb medius and minimus contract to maintain upright posture
- 7. Lateral Rotators and ABDuctors of the Thigh “Spanking Hand” Piriformis Superior Gemellus Obturator Internus Inferior Gemellus Quadratus Femoris
- 8. Hamstring Muscles Biceps Femoris Lateral most Semitendinosus Tendon-like Semimebranosus Medial most Crosses the hip joint and are extensor muscles of the thigh when walking Also flex the leg when walking
- 10. Muscles of the Leg: Anterior Tibialis Anterior Dorsiflexion Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral to tibialis anterior Extends all digits expect the hallux Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Extends only the hallux
- 11. Fibula Side of the Leg Fibularis (Peroneus): Fibularis Longus Posterior & superficial Crosses under the arch of the foot Fibularis Brevis Anterior Lateral side of foot on 5th metatarsal
- 12. Leg Muscles: Posterior Gastrocnemius Calf muscle. Most Superficial Crosses the knee joint and flexes the leg Calcaneal Tendon Plantar flexion of the foot Soleus Deep to gastrocnemius No action on the leg d/t not crossing the knee joint Plantar flexion of the foot Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the foot
- 13. Leg and Foot Muscle: Posterior Popliteus Crosses the knee joint and unlocks the knee Tibialis Posterior Major muscle deep to the soleus Plantar flexes and inverts the foot Flexor Digitorum Longus Curls the toes, plantar flexes, and inverts the foot Flexor hallucis longus Flexes the hallux and aids in inverting the foot
- 14. Know For the Lab Examination Locate the muscles of the Hip, Thigh, and Foot on model Action of the muscles Name & ID: Hamstring muscles Quadricep muscles Lateral rotators “Spanking Hand”