Thigh - Anterior Compartment Anatomy contains many muscles and important Triangle the Femoral triangle. This slide gives you a diagramatic representation of the Ant.Compt and also Apllied anatomy facilitating Integrated Teaching.
2. The thigh is the area
between the pelvis
and the knee.
The single bone in
the thigh (femur).
3. Surface features of the
Thigh
◦ Sartorius muscle
◦ Quadriceps femoris
muscle
◦ Adductor longus
muscle
◦ Femoral triangle
4. Thigh is divided to 3
groups of muscles
called compartments.
Anterior compartment
Medial compartment
Posterior compartment
These three
compartments are
separated by fascia.
5. Fascia Lata
Anterior compartment
anterior compartment
posterior compartment
medial compartment
Medial (adductor) compartment
Posterior compartment
Fascial septa
divide limb into
compartaments
6. The anterior compartment muscles of the
thigh flex the femur at the hip and extend the
leg at the knee.
The posterior compartment muscles of the
thigh extend the thigh and flex the leg.
The medial compartment muscles all adduct
the thigh & medially rotates the thigh.
7. The anterior compartment of the thigh is
homologous to the posterior compartment of
the arm.
The posterior compartment of the thigh is
homologous to the anterior compartment of
the arm.
8.
9. Thigh innervations:
Anterior compartment from femoral nerve
L2,3,4.
Medial compartment from obturator nerve
L2,3,4.
Posterior compartment from sciatic nerve
L4,5,S1,2,3 (sacral plexus).
10. Thigh innervations
Anterior compartment-
Extensors of the knee
Femoral Nerve
medial femur lateral
Medial compartment-
Adductors of the knee
Obturator Nerve
Posterior
compartment-
Flexors of the knee
Sciatic Nerve
11. The outer layer of deep
fascia in the lower limb
forms a thick 'stocking-like'
membrane, which
covers the limb and lies
beneath the superficial
fascia.This deep fascia is
particularly thick in the
thigh and gluteal region
and is termed the
Fascia lata.
12. Anterior wall formed
by transversalis
fascia
Posterior by fascia
iliaca
Three compartments
Medial / Middle &
Lateral
13. Medial, short, is the
femoral canal,
contains lymph gland
Opens into abdomen via
femoral ring - site of
femoral hernia
Middle compartment
contains femoral vein
Lateral, femoral artery
and femoral branch of
genito-femoral nerve
Femoral nerve is outside
the sheath
15. Femoral Triangle:
Floor:
Iliopsoas muscle.
Pectineus muscle.
Adductor longus muscle.
Roof :
Fascia Lata
16. Femoral
Triangle:
Contents (medial to
lateral): { VAN }
Femoral Vein
Femoral Artery
Femoral Nerve
Lymphatics
17. The base - is the inguinal
ligament
The apex points inferiorly and is
continuous with a fascial canal
(adductor canal ). It
descends medially down the
thigh & posteriorly through an
aperture in the lower end of one
of the largest of the adductor
muscles in the thigh (the
adductor magnus muscle) to
open into the popliteal fossa
behind the knee
19. Adductor Canal:
Contents:
Saphenous nerve:
Termination of femoral nerve.
Nerve to vastus medialis.
Terminal parts of femoral
artery and vein.
Deep lymph vessels.
20. External iliac becomes…….
◦ Femoral
Once passes the inguinal ligament
Lower limb
Branches into Deep femoral
Adductors, hamstrings, quadriceps
Branches into Medial/lateral
femoral circumflex
Head and neck of femur
Femoral becomes……
◦ Popliteal (continuation of femoral)
26. Sartorius
• Origin: Anterior superior
iliac spine
• Insertion: Medial side of
superior tibia,via pes
anserinus
• Action: flex thigh at hip
& flex leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral
nerve
27. Quadriceps
femoris :
Rectus Femoris
• Origin: Anterior inferior
iliac spine
• Insertion: Tibial
tuberosity via patellar
ligament, part of
quadriceps femoris
• Action: Flex thigh at hip &
extend leg at knee
• Innervation: Femoral
nerve
28. Quadriceps
femoris :
Vastus Medialis
• Origin: Intertrochanteric
line
• Insertion: Tibial
tuberosity via patellar
ligament, part of
quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at
knee
• Innervation: Femoral
nerve
29. Quadriceps femoris :
Vastus Lateralis
• Origin: Greater
trochanter
• Insertion: Tibial
tuberosity via patellar
ligament, part of
quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at
knee
• Innervation: Femoral
nerve
30. Quadriceps
femoris :
Vastus Intermedius
• Origin: Anterolateral
surface of femur shaft
• Insertion: Tibial
tuberosity via patellar
ligament, part of
quadriceps femoris
• Action: Extend leg at
knee
• Innervation: Femoral
nerve
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36. A femoral hernia is
when abd. Contents
pass through a
naturally occurring
weakness called the
femoral canal
37. One of the most
common methods to
gain central venous
access in emergent
situations is via
femoral vein
cannulation.
Emergency venous
access during CPR
38. knee-jerk reflex, also
called patellar reflex
sudden kicking movement
of the lower leg in
response to a sharp tap on
the patellar tendon, which
lies just below the
kneecap