This document contains important formulas for heat and the universal gas law. It provides equations to calculate heat (Q) using specific heat capacity (c), mass (m), and change in temperature (Δθ). It also includes the universal gas law relating pressure (P), volume (V), amount of gas (n), and temperature (T). Finally, it notes that absolute temperature can be calculated by adding 273 to the temperature in Celsius.

1. Heat
0
100 0
100ol l
T C
l l
 
 

0l
l
100l
0o
C
100o
C
Q mc
Pt mc
1 1 1 2 2 2m c m c 
mgh mc 
21
2
mv mc
Q mL
Q ml
1 1 2 2PV PV
1 2
1 2
P P
T T

1 2
1 2
V V
T T

1 1 2 2
1 2
PV PV
T T

Universal Gas Law
Important Formula for Heat
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Absolute temperature
= Temperature in Celsius + 273