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PREAMBLE
We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid
of Almighty God, in order to build a just and
humane society, and establish a Government that
shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote
the common good, conserve and develop our
patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our
posterity, the blessings of independence and
democracy under the rule of law and a regime of
truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace,
do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
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Anarchism
The belief that the best government is absolutely no
government is known as anarchism. This ideology
argues that everything about governments is repressive
and therefore must be abolished entirely.
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Liberalism
In the early modern age of the Western world (beginning
roughly in the early 1500s and running for about 200
years), a number of changes occurred that led to new
ideologies: The European discovery of the Americas, the
rise of Protestantism, the beginnings of the free-market
economy, and the early stages of the scientific revolution
fundamentally altered Europe. People began developing
different ways of thinking to take account of these
changes.
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Conservatism
Conservatism (also known as classical conservatism)
began as a reaction against the liberal ideas taking hold
of Europe during the French Revolution in the late
eighteenth century. This type of conservatism differs
from American conservatism. Edmund Burke, a British
member of Parliament, observed the early stages of the
French Revolution with great distress and predicted the
violence and terror that would ensue. His book,
Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790), is one of
the founding texts of classical conservatism.
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Socialism
Socialism arose as a response to the Industrial
Revolution, which was the emergence of technologies
such as the steam engine and mass production. The
Industrial Revolution started in England in the last
years of the eighteenth century and had spread to
much of Europe and America by the end of the
nineteenth century. It caused major upheavals. In a
very short time, many people were forced to abandon
agricultural ways of life for the modern mechanized
world of factories.
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Nationalism
Nationalism, a strong belief that one’s nation is great
(and, usually, better than others), also arose during
the modern era. In the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries, nationalism emerged as a powerful force
that caused a number of revolutions. People began to
identify with and take pride in their particular nation-
state. The French Revolution and the subsequent
Napoleonic Wars helped spread nationalism
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Fascism
Fascism is a highly nationalist, militaristic, totalitarian
political ideology in which one person has absolute power.
World War I was the key event that spawned fascism. The
war was the first major war fought between industrialized
nations, which were armed with technology such as
machine guns and chemical weapons. The result was utter
devastation. Millions died, entire countries collapsed, and
those who survived were often profoundly disillusioned.
For many people, the war showed that modern ideas had
failed and that a new way was needed.
13. Dura Lex Sed Lex
It is Harsh, but it is the Law
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Preamble
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LOUD AND CLEAR WITH
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