2. ◤
SURVEYS
Surveys are one of the most common types of primary data
collection methods. They involve asking a set of standardized
questions to a sample of individuals or organizations, usually
through a questionnaire or an online form.
3. ◤
INTERVIEWS
Interviews involve asking open-ended or structured questions to a
sample of individuals or groups in person, over the phone, or
through video conferencing. They can be conducted in a one-on-
one setting or in a focus group.
4. ◤
CASE STUDIES
Case studies involve in-depth analysis of a particular individual,
group, or organization. They typically involve collecting a variety of
data, including interviews, observations, and documents.
5. ◤
OBSERVATIONS
Observations involve systematically recording the behavior or
activities of individuals or groups in a natural or controlled
setting. This type of data collection is often used in fields such
as anthropology, sociology, and psychology.
6. ◤
EXPERIMENTS
Experiments involve manipulating one or more variables and
observing the effects on an outcome of interest. They are
commonly used in scientific research to establish cause-and-effect
relationships.
7. ◤
ACTION RESEARCH
Action research involves collecting data to improve a specific
practice or process within an organization or community. It often
involves collaboration between researchers and practitioners
8. ◤
PROCESS DATA
Data that originates with business process such as timing data for
each unit as it passes the workstation in production line
13. ◤
MACHINE DATA
Data regarding the internal state of a machine. for example
data that indicates brakes were applied on a vehicle at a
particular intersection.
