Narrated explanation of plagiarism, why reducing it is important in education and the penalties for plagiarism at CSU Fresno

1. Chunking—Plagiarism Revisited in the Information AgePreventing Plagiarism in the Classroom Presented by Ida M. Jones (co-creator of workshops, Judith C. Scott) California State University, Fresno This is a shortened version of the workshops presented to students at CSU Fresno. Copyright 2006-2010 Ida M. Jones & Judith Scott Please do not copy or use without permission This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.

2. Why talk about plagiarism? 2 Why talk about cheating and plagiarism? Why is there such a fuss about plagiarism? There are several reasons.

3. First Reason:Plagiarism is theft 3 [Music playing]

4. Plagiarism is Theft! 4 The first reason is that plagiarism is stealing!

5. Plagiarism is Theft! 5 After all, someone who plagiarizes is getting credit for the sweat and hard work done by another person.

6. Plagiarism is Theft! 6 The plagiarizer is not putting forth the effort to create or properly paraphrase what he or she has read.

7. Plagiarism is Theft! 7 Instead the plagiarizer is jumping on someone else’s back and riding without giving that person credit.

8. Second Reason:Plagiarism Prevents Learning 8 [Music playing]

9. Plagiarism Prevents Learning! 9 How? Well, cheating strikes at the heart of teaching and learning!

10. Plagiarism Prevents Learning! 10 If you plagiarize, you’re not doing the work and instead you’re getting credit for someone else’s work.

11. Plagiarism Prevents Learning! 11 If you’re not doing the work, then I, as an instructor, can’t do my job—the job of educating you as learners so that you acquire the skills and knowledge necessary to be informed, skilled and intelligent citizens of the world.

12. Third Reason:Plagiarism violates University Policies and the Law 12 [Music playing]

13. Plagiarism Violates University Policies and the Law! 13 A third reason that stopping cheating and plagiarism is such a big deal: Cheating and plagiarism violate universities’ policies and the law.

14. Plagiarism Violates University Policies and the Law! 14 As explained earlier, plagiarism is a type of stealing. This is why: when someone writes, draws or creates something in his or her unique way, that person has a copyright on that item.

15. Plagiarism Violates University Policies and the Law! 15 A copyright is a property ownership right just like owning a tangible item like a car or bicycle.

16. Plagiarism Violates University Policies and the Law! 16 When one has a copyright, he or she has the right to decide who can use the copyrighted material and has the right receive proper credit for having created the material.

17. Plagiarism Violates University Policies and the Law! 17 Plagiarism is copying and using a creator’s original and creative work without that person’s permission and without giving that person credit for his or her creation.

18. Plagiarism Violates University Policies and the Law! 18 CSUF Policy and Procedures on Cheating and Plagiarism University policies also prohibit cheating and plagiarism. Those policies are based, in part, on the idea that plagiarism violates the law.

19. Fourth Reason:Plagiarism violates Academic Integrity principles 19 [Music playing]

20. Plagiarism Violates Academic Integrity Principles! 20 A fourth and final reason that stopping cheating and plagiarism is such a big deal: Plagiarism is a violation academic integrity-principles of trust and honesty that are keys to a strong academic environment.

21. Plagiarism Violates Academic Integrity Principles! 21 In order for a true environment of academic integrity to exist, each person, faculty and student, must put forth best efforts to accomplish the goals of education.

22. Plagiarism Violates Academic Integrity Principles! 22 I, as a faculty member, can only accurately evaluate students’ preparation if students submit their own work, not someone else’s work.

23. Plagiarism Violates Academic Integrity Principles! 23 And students cannot get the full benefit of education by submitting only someone else’s work. In sum, plagiarism is theft, prevents learning, violates university policies and the law and violates academic integrity principles. All of these are reasons why there is so much fuss about plagiarism.

24. What is Plagiarism and What is Cyber plagiarism? 24 Now that you have learned why plagiarism is a problem, let’s talk the definition of plagiarism and cyber plagiarism.

25. What is Plagiarism? 25 “the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work. 2.something used and represented in this manner. “http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/plagiarism “the act of taking the writings of another person and passing them off as one’s own. The fraudulence is closely related to forgery and piracy—practices generally in violation of copyright laws.” http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/462640/plagiarism We have two definitions of plagiarism above. According to an online dictionary, and I quote, “the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work or something used and represented in this manner.” The second is from an online encyclopedia, and I quote: “the act of taking the writings of another person and passing them off as one’s own. The fraud is closely related to forgery and piracy—practices generally in violation of copyright laws.”

26. What is plagiarism? Narrator’s version 26 “taking or using the words, ideas, data, information, writings or inventions of another and claiming them as one's own” (Jones, 2006) My definition is similar: “taking or using the words, ideas, data, information, writings or inventions of another and claiming them as one's own.” This is a more expansive definition of the types of things that can be plagiarized.

27. What is Cyber Plagiarism? 27 Cyber-Plagiarism Copied and pasted from the internet Cyber plagiarism occurs when one “takes or uses the words, ideas, data, information, writings or inventions of another and claims them as their own” by copying and pasting those things from the internet.

28. How do I Avoid Plagiarizing? 28 We have reviewed the reasons plagiarism is wrong, we’ve looked at the definitions of plagiarism and cyber plagiarism, and now we’ve come to the most important section: how to avoid plagiarizing.

29. Avoid Plagiarism 29 Paraphrase 3 word rule Time management 3 suggestions for avoiding plagiarism: paraphrase what you’ve read, use the 3 word rule when copying material and use time management techniques. Let’s talk about each of these.

30. Paraphrase and Cite 30 Paraphrase Let’s start with the first way to avoid plagiarizing: paraphrase and cite the source.

31. Paraphrase 31 3 word rule Paraphrase Writing a summary of what you read Time management Reading How do you paraphrase? You paraphrase by first reading the source, then, while looking away from the source, write a summary of what you’ve read.

32. Paraphrase 32 3 word rule Paraphrase Time management Explaining what you read To practice paraphrasing, it helps to imagine that you have “cornered” your best friend and you verbally explain to your friend what you just read. That’s paraphrasing. That means you are writing (or speaking) in your own words.

33. Paraphrase. .. And Cite 33 “To be, or not to be, that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune . . .” e. g. Hamlet , Act III, Scene I http://www.enotes.com/hamlet-text/act-iii-scene-i#ham-3-1-63 In this speech, Hamlet discusses what it means to be a human being and how to make choices. The statements in this passage are quoted by many media sources and are easily recognizable. [paraphrased from: Shakespeare at enotes, http://www.enotes.com/shakespeare-quotes/not-that-question] 3 word rule Paraphrase Time management When you paraphrase, you are summarizing someone else’s ideas. You must still cite the source according to the citation format you are using. Here, on this slide, I’ve taken the first 3 lines of Hamlet’s soliloquy (which is found in Shakespeare’s play titled Hamlet) and summarized another person’s interpretation of the soliloquy. I cited the source of the interpretation and the source of the paraphrase.

34. 3-Word Rule-Quotation Marks and Cite 34 3 word rule Now let’s move on to another way to avoid plagiarizing: applying the 3 word rule.

35. 3-Word Rule-Quotation Marks and Cite 35 3 word rule Paraphrase If you borrow more than three words in a row from someone else, put those words in quotation marks and cite the source. Source: http://www.stevendkrause.com/tprw/Chapter%203.pdf Time management To fight plagiarism in general and cyber plagiarism in particular, we recommend the 3 word rule as a rule of thumb. If you borrow more than three words in a row from someone else, put those words in quotation marks and cite the source.

36. 3-Word Rule 36 3 word rule “To be, or not to be, that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune . . .” e. g. Hamlet , Act III, Scene I http://www.enotes.com/hamlet-text/act-iii-scene-i#ham-3-1-63 Paraphrase 25 words-use quotation marks Time management The passage from Hamlet that I quoted above is 25 words. Clearly, I need to cite the source of this information and, depending on the citation style, I must either use quotation marks or do a block quote (a quote that is indented appropriately to indicate an exact quote).

37. 3-Word Rule-No Chunking 37 Example of Chunking (30 seconds) 3 word rule Paraphrase Time management Chunking is taking “chunks” or blocks of words –3 or 4 words from an author and adding a word or two in between. The short video on this slide demonstrates an example of chunking. Chunking isn’t paraphrasing!

38. 3-Word Rule 38 The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People (by Stephen R. Covey (Free Press)) 3 word rule Paraphrase Time management Department of Fair Housing and Employment Of course, you must evaluate the 3 words found in a row. If the 3 words are the name of a book, for example, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, you do not have to put the title in quotation marks. If the 3 words are the name of an organization, such as the Department of Fair Housing and Employment, then you do not have to put those words in quotation marks.

39. Time Management 39 Time management Now let’s briefly talk about another method of avoiding plagiarizing-time management

40. Time Management 40 3 word rule Paraphrase Time management Plan the work required for your research project or writing assignment. Don’t wait until the last minute to begin working.

41. Time Management 41 3 word rule Paraphrase Time management Waiting until late the night before an assignment is due to begin writing is a disaster waiting to happen. The quality of your work will be affected by the limited time you have available.

42. Time Management 42 3 word rule Paraphrase Time management Planning backwards works well. When you are given a research assignment or paper, take out your calendar and begin planning immediately. Start with the due date and work backwards.

43. Avoid Plagiarism 43 Paraphrase 3 word rule Time management Please follow the 3 suggestions: paraphrase (and cite the source), the 3 word rule, and time management to avoid plagiarizing.

44. What are some costs and consequences of plagiarism? 44 So far we’ve talked about why plagiarism is a big deal, what constitutes plagiarizing and how to avoid plagiarizing. Finally, we’ll discuss some costs and consequences of plagiarizing.

46. Subsequent Courses

47. Workplace

48. Informed citizenshipThe most serious consequence or cost of plagiarizing is lack of preparation for subsequent courses, for the workplace and for participation as an informed citizen of the world.

49. Penalties for Plagiarizing 46 For Assignment For Course Expulsion University Program Additional costs are the academic consequences. At CSUF, penalties for plagiarism include a 0 for the assignment, an F for the course, a notation on your student record, expulsion from a program and expulsion from the University (and thus from other CSUs).

50. Thanks! 47 Thanks for listening!