In this paper, the concepts of sequences and series of complement normalized fuzzy numbers are introduced in terms of πΎ-level, so that some properties and characterizations are presented, and some convergence theorems are proved
Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...
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On Series of Fuzzy Numbers
1. IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)
e-ISSN: 2278-5728,p-ISSN: 2319-765X, Volume 7, Issue 2 (Jul. - Aug. 2013), PP 88-90
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www.iosrjournals.org 88 | Page
On Series of Fuzzy Numbers
Pishtiwan O. Sabir
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Science Education, University of Sulaimani, Iraq
Abstract: In this paper, the concepts of sequences and series of complement normalized fuzzy numbers are
introduced in terms of πΎ-level, so that some properties and characterizations are presented, and some
convergence theorems are proved.
Keywords: Fuzzy Numbers, Fuzzy Convergences, Fuzzy Series.
I. Introduction
Fuzzy number is one of the most important and basic conceptions in fuzzy analytics. About the
conception of fuzzy number, the earliest research is Chang S.S.Lβs and Zadeh L.Aβs work [4] in 1972. After that
Mizumoto and Tanaka [12], Nahmias [13], Dubois and Prade [7], Kaufmann and Gupta [9], Wang and Liu [21]
successively researched the conception and properties of fuzzy number. Fuzzy numbers are of great importance
in fuzzy systems. They serve as means of representing and manipulating data that are not precise but rather
fuzzy, such as βabout fifty years oldβ, βreal numbers close to tenβ, etc. On the other hand, there are some
linguistic terms which cannot be represented by fuzzy numbers. Some examples [18] are βaway from fifty years
oldβ, βreal numbers larger than tenβ. Several researchers, mainly [5, 6, 19, 20], focused on computing the
distance between fuzzy numbers. In [19] Tran and Duckstein introduced a distance concept based on the interval
numbers where the fuzzy numbers has transformed into an interval number. The class of convergent sequences
of fuzzy numbers with respect to the Hausdorff metric was first introduced by Matloka [11] in 1986 where it
was established that every convergent sequence of fuzzy numbers is bounded. For sequences of fuzzy numbers,
Nanda [14] in 1989, studied sequences of fuzzy numbers and showed that the set of all convergent sequences of
fuzzy numbers forms a complete metric space. Later on sequences of fuzzy numbers have been discussed by
Nuray et al. [15] in 1995, Savas [17] in 2000, Basarir and Mursaleen [3] in 2004, Aytar et al. [2] in 2004 and
many others [1, 8, 10, 22]. In section two, we first review the definitions and basic properties related to fuzzy
sets and fuzzy numbers. We will also present the notations needed in the rest of the paper. In section three, the
function π between two complement normalized fuzzy numbers (CNFNs) is presented which plays a key role in
the study of sequences and series of CNFNs. Next, some convergence theorems for sequences and series on
CNFNs with respect to introduced function π are proved.
II. Preliminaries
A fuzzy set π΄ defined on the universal set π is a function π π΄, π₯ βΆ π β 0,1 . Frequently, we will write
π π΄(π₯) instead of π π΄, π₯ . The family of all fuzzy sets in X is denoted by β±(π). The Ξ±β―level of a fuzzy set π΄,
denoted by π΄πΌ+
, is the non-fuzzy set of all elements of the universal set that belongs to the fuzzy set A at least to
the degree πΌ β [0,1]. The weak Ξ±β―level π΄πΌβ
of a fuzzy set π΄ β β±(π) is the crisp set that contains all elements of
the universal set whose membership grades in the given set are greater than but do not include the specified
value of Ξ±. The largest value of Ξ± for which the Ξ±-level is not empty is called the height of a fuzzy set π΄ denoted
πΌ π΄
πππ₯
. The core of a fuzzy set π΄ is the non-fuzzy set of all points in the universal set X at which π π’ππ₯ π π΄(π₯) is
essentially attained. Any property of fuzzy sets that is derived from classical set theory is called a cutworthy
property.
Let π΄π β β±(π). Then the union of fuzzy sets π΄π, denoted β π΄ππ , is defined by πβ π΄ ππ
π₯ = π π’ππ₯ π π΄ π
(π₯) =
β π₯ π π΄ π
(π₯), the intersection of fuzzy sets π΄π, denoted β π΄ππ , is defined by πβ π΄ ππ
π₯ = ππππ₯ π π΄ π
π₯ = β π₯ π π΄ π
(π₯),
and the complement of π΄π, denoted Β¬π΄π, is defined by π π΄ π
π₯ + πΒ¬π΄ π
(π₯) = 1, for all π₯ in the universal set π.
A fuzzy number π is a fuzzy set defined on the set of real numbers π 1
characterized by means of a
membership function π π (π₯): π 1
β [0,1] , which satisfies: (1) π is upper semicontinuous, (2) π π π₯ = 0 outside
some interval [π, π], (3) There are real numbers π, π such that π β€ π β€ π β€ π and π π π₯ is increasing on [c,a],
π π π₯ is decreasing on [π, π], π π π₯ = 1, π β€ π₯ β€ π. We denote the set of all fuzzy numbers by β±β
.
Let π = π1 Γ π2 Γ β¦ Γ ππ and π: π β π given by π¦ = π(π₯1, π₯2, β¦ , π₯ π ). In addition, let π΄1, π΄2, β¦ , π΄ π be
π fuzzy sets in π1 Γ π2 Γ β¦ Γ π π respectively. The extension principle allows to extend the crisp function
π¦ = π(π₯1, π₯2, β¦ , π₯ π ) to act on π fuzzy subsets of π, namely π΄1, π΄2, β¦ , π΄ π such that π΅ = π(π΄1, π΄2,β¦ , π΄ π ). Here
the fuzzy set π΅ is defined by
2. On Series of Fuzzy Numbers
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π΅ = { π¦, sup
π₯βπ,π¦=π π₯
min(π π΄1
π₯1 , π π΄2
π₯2 , β¦ , π π΄ π
(π₯ π )). : π¦ = π π₯1, π₯2, β¦ , π₯ π ,
(π₯1, π₯2, β¦ , π₯ π ) β π1 Γ π2 Γ β¦ Γ ππ }
III. Basic Definitions and Characterizations
Throughout this section, a new fuzzy quantity, named, CNFNs and other related notions are defined and
studied. Furthermore, the function π between two CNFNs which plays a key role in the study of sequences and
series of CNFNs has been presented. A preliminary version of this section was given in [16].
Definition 3.1. CNFN π is a fuzzy set π of the real line, such that core of Β¬π is empty and
Β¬ππΎ+
=
π: πΒ¬π π β₯ πΎ if πΎ β (0, πΌΒ¬π
πππ₯
]
β Β¬ππΎβ
0β€πΎβ€πΌΒ¬π
πππ₯ if πΎ = 0
is compact. We use β±Β¬π
β
for the fuzzy power set of CNFNs.
Definition 3.2. Let β denote any of the four basic arithmetic operations and let π, π be CNFNs. Then based on
the extension principle we define π β π by
π β π = Β¬ Β¬π β π
Β¬π = Β¬ πΒ¬π β πΒ¬π π
Theorem 3.3. A partial ordering =, βΊ, and βΌ in β±Β¬π
β
are cutworthy.
Proof: Β¬π βΌ Β¬π if and only if πΒ¬π βΌ πΒ¬π if and only if (πΒ¬π)
πΎ+
β€ (πΒ¬π
πΎ+
) if and only if πΒ¬ π
πΎ+
β€
πΒ¬ π
πΎ+
if and only if Β¬ π
πΎ+
β€ Β¬ π
πΎ+
if and only if πβπΎ+
β€ πβπΎ+
and π+πΎ+
β€ π+πΎ+
. Similarly it can be shown
that π+πΎ+
< πβπΎ+
and π
πΎ+
= π
πΎ+
.
Definition 3.4. We define a function π on two CNFNs π and π as follows:
π π, π = πΎ πβ
πΌ π, π
πππ₯
+
β πβ
πΌ π, π
πππ₯
+
, β πβπ+
β πβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β π+π+
πΎβ€πβ€πΌ
π, π
πππ₯
πΌ π, π
πππ₯
0
.
Theorem 3.5. Let π, π, πΏ, π, πΎ β β±Β¬π
β
. Then π π, πΏ βΌ π π, πΏ , π π, π βΌ π π, πΏ and π π, π βΌ π π, πΏ
whenever π βΌ π βΌ πΏ, and π βΌ π βΌ πΏ.
Proof: By hypothesis we have, πβπ+
β πβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β π+π+
β€ πβπ+
β πΏβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β πΏ+π+
. So that,
β πβπ+
β πβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β π+π+
πΎβ€πβ€πΌ
π, π
πππ₯ β€ β πβπ+
β πΏβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β πΏ+π+
πΎβ€πβ€πΌ
π, π
πππ₯ . Also,
πβπ+
β πβπ+
β€ πβπ+
β πΏβπ+
and π+π+
β π+π+
β€ π+π+
β πΏ+π+
, which implies that
πβπ+
β πβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β π+π+
β€ πβπ+
β πΏβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β πΏ+π+
, and
β πβπ+
β πβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β π+π+
πΎβ€πβ€πΌ
π, π
πππ₯ β€ β πβπ+
β πΏβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β πΏ+π+
πΎβ€πβ€πΌ
π, π
πππ₯ . Furthermore,
πΏβπ+
β πβπ+
β€ πβπ+
β πΏβπ+
and πΏ+π+
β π+π+
β€ π+π+
β πΏ+π+
, implies πΏβπ+
β πβπ+
β¨
πΏ+π+
β π+π+
β€ πβπ+
β πΏβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β πΏ+π+
. Hence,
β πΏβπ+
β πβπ+
β¨ πΏ+π+
β π+π+
πΎβ€πβ€πΌ
π, π
πππ₯ β€ β πβπ+
β πΏβπ+
β¨ π+π+
β πΏ+π+
πΎβ€πβ€πΌ
π, π
πππ₯ .
Definition 3.6. Let π π be fuzzy sequence in β±Β¬π
β
and π β β±Β¬π
β
. We say that π π is π-converges to π written
as π π
π
β― π, if for any π > 0, there exists a positive integer π such that π π π , π βΊ π as π β₯ π.
Definition 3.7. Let π π be fuzzy sequence in β±Β¬π
β
and π β β±Β¬π
β
. We say that π π is πΎ-level converges to π
written as π π
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π, if π π
βπΎ+
β―β―β― πβπΎ+
and π π
+πΎ+
β―β―β― π+πΎ+
for all πΎ β 0, πΌπ,π π
πππ₯
.
Theorem 3.8. π π be fuzzy sequence in β±Β¬π
β
and π β β±Β¬π
β
. Then π π
π
β― π if and only if π π is πΎ-level
converges to π.
Proof: Obvious.
Theorem 3.9. Let π π , π π , ππ β β±Β¬π
β
and π, π, π β β±Β¬π
β
, ββ {+, β,β,/}. If π π
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π and
π π
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π, then
1. π π β π π
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π β π such that 0 β π π
0β
(πππ π. π0β
) in the case β = / .
2. π = π where π π = π π. Also π βΌ π where π π βΌ π.
3. ππ
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π where π = π and π π βΌ ππ βΌ π π .
Proof: We only prove (1) for the case β= +, the proof of the other part are similar. By hypothesis,
π π
βπΎ+
β―β―β― πβπΎ+
, π π
+πΎ+
β―β―β― π+πΎ+
, π π
βπΎ+
β―β―β― πβπΎ+
, π π
+πΎ+
β―β―β― π+πΎ+
. Therefore, π π
βπΎ+
+
3. On Series of Fuzzy Numbers
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π π
βπΎ+
β―β―β― πβπΎ+
+ πβπΎ+
and π π
+πΎ+
+ π π
+πΎ+
β―β―β― π+πΎ+
+ π+πΎ+
. This implies that,
π π + π π
βπΎ+
β―β―β― π + π
βπΎ+
and π π + π π
+πΎ+
β―β―β― π + π
+πΎ+
.
IV. Fuzzy Series On CNFNs
In this section, many results of fuzzy series of CNFNs based on πΎ-level converges are examined.
Definition 4.1. Let π π be a sequence of CNFNs, and π π = π1 β π2 β π3 β β¦ β π π . If the sequence π π πΎ-
level converges to π, then we say that the fuzzy series β π=1
β
π π = π1 β π2 β π3 β β¦ β π π β β¦ of CNFNs π-
converge to π.
Theorem 4.2. Let π β β±Β¬π
β
, π π β β±Β¬π
β
then β π=1
β
π π = π if and only if β π π
πΎ+
= π
πΎ+β
π=1 for all πΎ β
0, πΌ π
πππ₯
.
Proof: Consider π π = π1 β π2 β π3 β β¦ β π π . Then π π
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π if and only if π π
βπΎ+
β―β―β― πβπΎ+
and
π π
+πΎ+
β―β―β― π+πΎ+
if and only if π π
βπΎ+
= β π π
βπΎ+π
π=1 and π π
+πΎ+
= β π π
+πΎ+π
π=1 if and only if β π π
πΎ+
=β
π=1
πΎ+π.
Corollary 4.3. Let π β β±Β¬π
β
, π π β β±Β¬π
β
then β π=1
β
π π = π if and only if β π π
+πΎ+
= π+πΎ+β
π=1 and β π π
βπΎ+
=β
π=1
πΎ+πβ.
Proof: Obvious.
Theorem 4.4. Let π, π β β±Β¬π
β
, π π , π π β β±Β¬π
β
, β π=1
β
π π = π and β π=1
β
π π = π, then β π=1
β
π π β π π
+πΎ+
=
π β π
+πΎ+
and β π=1
β
π π β π π
βπΎ+
= π β π
βπΎ+
.
Proof: Consider π½π = β π=1
π
π π and π π = β π=1
π
π π. Then π½π
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π and π π
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π. Implies
π½π β π π
πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π β π. This implies that π½π β π π
πΎ+ πΎβπππ£ππ
β―β―β―β― π β π
πΎ+
. So that β π=1
β
π π β π π
πΎ+
=
π β π
πΎ+
.
Theorem 4.5. If π π , π π β β±Β¬π
β
that has the properties π π π
(π π ) = 0 = ππ π
(π π ) for every π π and π π less than
zero and β π π
πΎ+
0β€πΎβ€πΌ π π
πππ₯ β€ β π π
πΎ+
0β€πΎβ€πΌ π π
πππ₯ for all π sufficiently large. Then β π=1
β
π π is π-converge whenever
β π=1
β
π π is π-converges.
Proof: Obvious.
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