The document presents a smart street light system that uses sensors to detect vehicles and adjusts street light brightness accordingly to save energy. It aims to reduce wasted energy by turning lights off when no vehicles are present. The system uses IR sensors to detect vehicles, microcontrollers to control LED street lights, and PWM technique to dim lights to 10% intensity between vehicles. It is presented as an energy efficient and cost effective alternative to existing street light technologies.

1. Presentation
on
Smart Street light
technique
Submitted by……
Kunal karmakar
Surya karan singh
Ravi kant kumar
Krishanu chatterjee
Reshav kumar
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 1

2. content
Objective
Previous & present technology
Working principle
Block diagram
Power flow
Operation method
Hardware requirement
Application and advantage
Future scope
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 2

3. objective
• During the night, all the lights on the highway
remain ON for the
• vehicles, but lots of energy is wasted when there
is no vehicle movement.
• To promote energy efficiency and the balanced
use of energy resources.
• To endorse renewable, and new energy sources
and to upkeep energy variation.
• To encourage energy proficiency and use of new
and renewable energy source in the transport.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 3

4. block diagram
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 4

5. deScription of power Supply
The circuit uses standard power supply comprising of a step-down
transformer from 230v to 12v and 4 diodes forming a Bridge
Rectifier that delivers pulsating dc which is then filtered by an
electrolytic capacitor of about 470microf to 100microF.
The filtered dc being un regulated IC LM7805 is used to get 5v
constant at its pin no 3 irrespective of input dc varying from 9v to
14v.
The regulated 5volts dc is further filtered by a small electrolytic
capacitor of 10 micro f for any noise so generated by the circuit.
One LED is connected of this 5v point in series with a resistor of
330ohms to the ground i.e. negative voltage to indicate 5v power
supply availability.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 5

6. previouS technology
 High intensity discharge lamp (HID)
presently used for urban street light are
based on principle of gas discharge, thus
the intensity is not controllable by any
voltage reduction method as the
discharge path is broken.
More costly
Less durability
Not very effective during night
and fog.
Consumes more power.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 6

7. Present day technology
• White Light Emitting Diode (LED)
based lamps are soon replacing the
HID lamps in street light.
• As these LEDs can switch faster than
HID lamps we can apply PWM
concept to these LEDs.
• LEDs consume less power compared
to HID lamps.
• Life time of LEDs is also more.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 7

8. Working PrinciPle
 This proposed system provides a
solution for energy saving.
 This is achieved by sensing an
approaching vehicle and then
switches ON a block of street
lights ahead of the vehicle.
 As the vehicle passes by, the
trailing lights switch OFF
automatically. Thus, we save a lot
of energy.
 However, there is another mode
of operation where instead of
switching OFF the lights
completely, they remain ON with
10% of the maximum intensity.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 8

9. oPeration of Project
• There are two basic modes of operation,
1. Transition of streetlights from dark to bright state.
2. Transition of streetlights from dim to bright state.
• In the first mode of operation, when the vehicle is not
present, all the streetlights will be in dark state. When
a vehicle is sensed then the window of streetlights is
illuminated in front of the vehicle.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 9

10. second mode of oPeration
 In the second mode of operation, initially when the vehicle is not sensed, all
the streetlights will be in dim state. This is achieved by use of pulse width
modulation technique through the program stored in the microcontroller.
 When a vehicle is not present on the highway, then the streetlights are made
to glow for about 1ms and then for 100ms they are switched off. Thus, we
get streetlights with less brightness.
 When a vehicle is sensed, all the streetlights are illuminated for 1ms and the
window of streetlights are illuminated for 100ms. Thus we have a PWM
wave of 99% duty cycle.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 10

11. hardWare requirements
 TRANSFORMER (230 – 12 V AC)
 VOLTAGE REGULATOR (LM 7805)
 RECTIFIER
 FILTER
 MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S52/AT89C51)
 LEDS
 PHOTODIODES
 POTENTIAL DIVIDER
 BC547
 1N4007
 RESISTORS
 CAPACITORS
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 11

12. Microcontroller(at89s52)
 • Compatible with MCS®-51 Products
 • 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP)
Flash Memory
 – Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles
 • 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
 • Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
 • Three-level Program Memory Lock
 • 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
 • 32 Programmable I/O Lines
 • Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
 • Eight Interrupt Sources
 • Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
 • Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
 • Watchdog Timer
 • Dual Data Pointer
o • Fast Programming Time
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 12
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13. PIN DIAGRAM OF AT89S52
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 13

14. BC547 TRANSISTOR
• BC547 is mainly used for amplification and switching purposes.
• BC547 is an NPN bi-polar junction transistor.
• The transistor terminals require a fixed DC voltage to operate in the
desired region of its characteristic curves.
• For switching applications, transistor is biased so that it remains
fully on if there is a signal at its base. In the absence of base signal,
it gets completely off.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 14

15. 1N4007
 A rectifier diode is used as a one-way check valve.
 When constructing a rectifier, it is important to choose the
correct diode for the job
 they are used to convert AC power into DC power.
 1N4007 diode is electrically compatible with other rectifier
diodes, and can be used as a replacement for any diode in the
1N400x family.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 15

16. LED
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 16
 A light-emitting diode (LED) is a
semiconductor light
source.
 LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many
devices, and
are increasingly used for lighting.
 LEDs are introduced as a practical
electronic
component in 1962.

17. IR SENSOR
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 17
 Infrared sensor is an electronic instrument.
 It is used to sense certain characteristics in
its
 surroundings by emitting infrared
radiations.
 It is capable of measuring heat and
detection of movingobject.
 SPECIFICATIONS:
 Size: [Refer to the image beside]
 TX: Transmitter
 RX: Receiver

18. APPLICATIONS
Safe road lighting for smooth vehicular
movement.
This idea can be implemented on both
small roads and busy highways.
Can be implemented in parking area.
Implementable in museum,auditorium.
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 18

19. ADVANTAGES
POWER SAVING
LEDS CONSUME LESS POWER
EASILY IMPLEMENTABLE
COST EFFECTIVE
Can overcome the crisis of natural power
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 19

20. BIBILOGRAPHY
The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded
systems” by Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice
Gillispie Mazidi , Pearson Education.
 ATMEL 89S52 Data Sheets.
• www.atmel.com
• www.beyondlogic.org
• www.wikipedia.org
• www.howstuffworks.com
• www.alldatasheets.com
Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 20

21. Dec 1, 2017 PRESENTED AT MCKVIE 21