Fodder Adoption and Innovation Projects (FAP and FIP) Ranjitha Puskur and Alan Duncan International Livestock Research Institute December 2009 Presentation: CGIAR Systemwide Livestock Programme Livestock Policy Group, 1 December 2009

Enhancing livelihoods of livestock dependant poor people through increasing use of fodder FAP IFAD CIAT, ICARDA, ILRI Ethiopia, Syria & Vietnam FIP DFID UNU/MERIT – CRISP, ICRISAT, IITA India & Nigeria

A new paradigm in agricultural development? What’s the old paradigm?

Adoption of new technologies by smallholders is generally low New technologies developed by researchers do not find their way into mainstream practice very easily Picture of UMB Picture of maize lablab Urea straw treatment UMB Images from FAO Cereal/legume intercropping

Historical approaches to fodder development Research Extension Farmer Linear thinking

Value chain and innovation systems Urban wholesaler Rural Farmer Collector Urban dairy producer Urban consumer Sorghum Rural farmer Chopped stover Collector Bagged stover Urban wholesaler Raw milk Urban dairy producer Proc. Milk Urban consumer

Embedding research and extension in a wider system Research Extension

What does it mean in practice? Focus on promising technologies (labour, economics, demand-driven) Establishment of stakeholder networks Focus on promising technologies (labour, economics, demand-driven) Establishment of stakeholder networks Focus on promising technologies (labour, economics, demand-driven) Establishment of stakeholder networks Focus on promising technologies (labour, economics, demand-driven)

Innovation processes in Ada’a Ethiopia Seed sourced 44 farmers plant on own fields X-bred cows sourced Farmers purchase seed 60 farmers plant on own fields Milk transport issues voiced May 2008 Oct 2009 Fodder options identified Dairy co-op formed Milk transport negotiations ongoing Organisational innovation Technical innovation

Fodder Innovation Project (FIP)

ILRI is creating and integrating knowledge to enable diverse partners to find innovative solutions to make livestock a sustainable pathway out of poverty