Faulting is a geological process that involves the movement of rock masses along fractures or surfaces known as faults. Faults are common features in the Earth's crust, and they play a crucial role in shaping the Earth's surface. The causes and dynamics of faulting are complex and can result from various tectonic, geological, and stress-related factors

1. Causes and dynamics of
faulting
Himangshu Saikia
M.sc. 1st sem
Department of Earth & Environmental Science
KSKV Kachchh University, Bhuj

2. Causes
Faults are generally caused under the influence of stresses
acting upon the rocks of the crust of the earth from within.
Any rock on or below the crust may withstand all the
operating stresses up to a limit, which depends upon its
cohesive strength and internal friction.
But when that limit is crossed by the operating stresses, the
rock yields by fracturing or breaking along certain
directions.

3. The blocks created along the fractures then suffer
displacement which lead to faulting.

4. Three main types of rocks that make movement along fault are
● Tensional stress
● Compressional stress
● Shear stress

5. Tensional stress is when slabs of rocks are being pulled in
opposite directions.

6. Compressional stress is when squeezed or shortened

7. Shear stress is when slabs of rocks slides past one another

8. dynamics

10. Normal Fault
Humboldt Fault Zone (North America) - part of the Midwestern Rift System between Nebraska and Kansas

11. Reverse Fault
Glarus thrust (Switzerland) - thrust fault in the Swiss Alps.

12. Strike-slip Fault
An example of a this fault the infamous San Andreas Fault in California

16. Thank you