1. KOD KURSUS KPT 6044
PEMBELAJARAN BERASASKAN ELEKTRONIK DAN WEB
Tajuk:
TUGASAN 4 - PEMBACAAN DAN PENILAIAN KENDIRI
TAJUK BAB:
CHAPTER 7: CONNECTING LEARNERS AT A DISTANCE
Disediakan oleh:
NOR HIDAYU BINTI JAMALI
(M20121000512)
Disemak oleh :
PROFESOR MADYA DATO’ DR ABD LATIF HJ GAPOR
PENSYARAH KPT 6044
FAKULTI PENDIDIKAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA UPSI

2. TUGASAN 4 : PEMBACAAN DAN PENILAIAN KENDIRI
CHAPTER 7: CONNECTING LEARNERS AT A DISTANCE
Task: Answer 3 question in this chapter.
1)
What is distance learning?
-According to Desmond Keegan (1980) identified key elements of a formal definition of
distance education, which have not changed with the advent of newer technologies for
delivery physical separation of learners from the teacher, organizes instructional program,
telecommunications technology, and two-way communication.
-Distance learning has popular term to describe learning via telecommunications. The term
telecommunications embrace a variety of technology and media configurations, including
audio, video and computer-based resources.
-Distance education or distance learning is a field of education that focuses on teaching
methods and technology with the aim of delivering teaching, often on an individual basis, to
students who are not physically present in a traditional educational setting such as a
classroom. It has been described as “a process to create and provide access to learning when
the source of information and the learners are separated by time and distance, or
both.”Distance education courses that require a physical on-site presence for any reason
(including taking examinations) have been referred to as hybrid or blended courses of study.
2)
How do audio and television systems facilitate distance learning?
-An audio teleconference is a live, interactive conversation using telephone lines, satellites, or
the internet will connects people at different location. One issues associated with relying only
on audio transmissions is the lack of visual information. However, audio can be
supplemented by providing visual information sent by faks (facsimile) or email or with a
course management tool such as Blackboard or Moodle.
-Audio technology use when student learning will be enhanced by:
GUIDELINES
EXAMPLES
Connecting students with
Students can interact with an author about his or her book or
resource people
with public officials to discuss current legislation.

3. Students can attend an advanced placement course that
Reaching the rural student
might have been unavailable otherwise.
Working collaboratively with
Student can discuss projects or assignments at time or
other students
location that best meets their needs.
Reaching a student unable to
attend class due to illness or
Student not need to miss class discussions or other
disability
instruction because they are restricted to home.
- Television technologies offer many different types of instructional opportunities for
learners. Students can engage in independent learning by viewing programs on such channel
as Discovery or the History Channel. More formally, learners can be enrolled in a televised
course or graduation from a program of study.
-The term one-way television to refer to television delivery systems the transmit programs to
students without an interactive connection to the teacher. -One-way Television Technology
use when student learning will be enhanced by:
GUIDELINES
EXAMPLES
Reinforcing
classroom
Younger students can watch a program at home with parents that will help
instruction
reinforce a specific lesson from the classroom.
Expanding the
Some textbook have limited information on a topic that might be expanded
textbook material
by viewing a documentary.
Supplemental
Student can become better informed on a topic of interest while viewing an
information
instructional or informative television program.
Students can watch the evening news or other types of news programs to
Keeping current
gather up-to-date information for classroom discussions.
-However, virtually all television delivery can be converted into a two-way television
communication system by using a device for sending audio feedback to the presenter. The

4. talkback capability can be added by means of the telephone for calling the originating
classroom.
-Two-way Television Technology use when student learning will be enhanced by:
GUIDELINES
EXAMPLES
Extending
classroom
A group of students from across the state or around the world can beaded
instruction
to classroom discussions to extend learning experiences.
Expanding the
textbook material
A guest speaker can be part of the class presentations on a topic
Students who have limited access to course needed to expand their
Reaching the
knowledge or to prepare them for college can take a course from distant
rural student
school location.
Supplemental
A teacher from another school can add to the instructional experiences of
information
a whole class.
3).
Identify three characteristics each of LAN, WAN. Intranet, and Wireless network.
-Characteristics of LAN
i.
Centralized Computer -A LAN relies on a centralized computer called a file server
that „serves‟ all the other computers connected to it. A computer lab is often itself a
LAN because all the computers in the lab are connected to a single file server, usually
tucked away in a closet or other out-of-the way space. Whole buildings can also be
connected to a local area network, usually with a single computer, generally located in
the office or media center, serving as the school‟s file server.
ii.
Collection Of Software- Through a LAN, all of the classrooms in a school can have
access to the school‟s collection of software. Many schools also allow teachers and
students to save their computer work in personalized folders on the server, which is
very useful when multiple students use one computer. It also allows teachers access to
their materials, such as a PowerPoint presentation, while in the computer lab.

5. iii.
Reduce A Technology Coordinator‟s Workload- LAN can also reduce a technology
coordinator‟s workload, which might otherwise include installing programs,
inventorying software. For example, the media center can store its catalog of materials
on the file server, giving teachers and students easy access to the information
available on a certain topic.
-Characteristics of WAN
i.
Communication Facility: For a big company spanning over different parts of the
country the employees can save long distance phone calls and it overcomes the time
lag in overseas communications. Computer conferencing is another use of WAN
where users communicate with each other through their computer system.
ii.
Remote Data Entry: Remote data entry is possible in WAN. It means sitting at any
location you can enter data, update data and query other information of any computer
attached to the WAN but located in other cities. For example, suppose you are sitting
at Madras and want to see some data of a computer located at Delhi, you can do it
through WAN.
iii.
Centralised Information: In modern computerised environment you will find that big
organisations go for centralised data storage. This means if the organisation is spread
over many cities, they keep their important business data in a single place. As the data
are generated at different sites, WAN permits collection of this data from different
sites and save at a single site.
-Characteristics of Intranet
i.
Communication – The intranet must support various communication channels, such as
information from the management team concerning strategic aspects of their
organisation or collaboration amongst project teams and departments. These formal
and informal methods of communication are equally important. Therefore essential to
have an in-depth look at the communication tools on offer.
ii.
Maintenance and Updating – It is inevitable that your intranet will require frequent
updating and maintenance to ensure that the information provided is both relevant and
accurate. Adding an image or changing content should not be a difficult process, nor
should it be time-consuming. Surprisingly, many intranet systems require the help of
technically skilled people to perform these tasks.

6. iii.
Access flexibility – Accessibility by either a laptop or desktop is no longer acceptable,
as not all employees perform tasks and activities at their desks. Certain job roles
require employees to visit clients, and regular off-site meetings are becoming more
common. Therefore flexibility in accessing their intranet on mobile devices and
tablets should facilitate and not compromise their ability to perform tasks on their
intranet.
-Characteristics of Wireless network
i.
Connecting computer without wire, instead relies on radio frequency, microwave, or
infrared technology that depends on a base station for connection to the network.
ii.
Such network use transmitters placed inside the room, throughout the building, or
across a campus area and operate in the same manner as hardwired networks.
iii.
Wireless network omit the need for cabling, which can be costly to install, particularly
in older buildings. Computer are no longer bound to workstations. Laptop may be
used anywhere within the room, building, or campus area and still have access to the
internet.