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National Urban Policy
- 2. INTRODUCTION • A NATIONAL URBAN POLICY is intended to harness the opportunities and address the challenges of urbanization. • National urban policy adopts an integrated approach to management that will lead to improved conditions for communities and their surrounding regions. National Urban Policy economy Social & Environment urban and territorial planning
- 3. INTRODUCTION • More people live in urban areas than in rural areas. In 2018, 4.22 billion people lived in urban areas and by 2030 this will reach 5.17 billion. 2018, 4.22 B 2030, 5.17 B
- 4. KEY FEATURES OF URBANISATION • Urban areas are integral to the country’s economy and future prosperity, and therefore provide an opportunity to leverage urbanization to improve. • Responsibility for managing urbanization challenges is often fragmented across multiple levels and institutions of government , which often have only limited capacity to develop coherent response and coordinated responses to urban issues. Economy Investment Environment Services , Infrastructure and public facilities social Employment, Health, Education and Good Governance
- 5. KEY FEATURES OF URBANISATION • Good policy formulation requires political will visionary leadership effective consultative mechanisms good negotiating skills Organizational know
- 6. NATIONAL URBAN POLICY ISSUES Urban governance Spatial sustainability Financial sustainability Economic sustainability Social sustainability Environmental sustainability
- 7. URBAN GOVERNANCE • Urban governance refers to how government and stakeholders decide how to plan, finance and manage urban areas, viz. the State Government, Urban Local Governments and other autonomous bodies. • It focuses on economic and social forces, institutions and relationships. • labour markets • goods and services • Household, land • Infrastructure and public safety Urban Governance
- 8. SPACIAL SUSTAINABILITY Metropolitan centres - generally lead the country’s economic growth by harbouring the most innovative and dynamic economic activities. Regional centres and medium size cities - provide support to their respective regions. Small towns - make the linkage with their rural environment. • National urban policy is concerned with balanced urban systems.
- 9. FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY • Local governments require • Without adequate financial instruments the role of local governments in the context of a NUP is significantly compromised. Funding Develop and maintain Basic infrastructure and local services
- 10. ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY • To ensure economic sustainability and prosperity, the NUP focuses on Transport networks Availability of water Electricity networks Education Health facilities Economic sustainability
- 11. SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY • Housing and adequate shelter are an integral part of a strategy to promote social inclusion local market affordable mortgages encourage personal savings Short-term lending self-built housing
- 12. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY • Cities are the main generators of greenhouse gases (GHG) due to the concentration. • Cities are also highly vulnerable to disasters, given the concentration of people exposed to risks of flooding, earthquakes and other natural phenomena. industries vehicles water pollution air pollution 75 % global GHG
- 13. NATIONAL URBAN POLICY IN INDIA • The Government of India has formulated the • National Housing Policy started in 1986. • Focus of the Policy is on affordable urban housing with special emphasis on the urban poor. • Role of Housing and provision of basic services to the urban poor has been integrated into the objectives of the Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM). • Special emphasis has been laid on Scheduled Castes / Tribes / Backward Classes / Minorities, empowerment of Women within the ambit of the urban poor. • The Policy focuses on a symbiotic development of rural and urban areas. National Urban Housing and Habitat Policy
- 14. NATIONAL URBAN POLICY IN INDIA • The Government of India has formulated the National Urban Sanitation Policy • The overall goal of this policy is to transform Urban India into community-driven, totally sanitized, healthy and liveable cities and towns. • Awareness Generation and Behaviour Change in public. • Swachh Bharat Mission aim is to ensure the open defecation free behaviours are sustained. • To develop, wherever required, community managed sanitation systems focusing on scientific Solid & Liquid Waste Management systems for overall cleanliness in the rural areas. • To create significant positive impact on gender and promote social inclusion by improving sanitation especially in marginalized communities.
- 15. NATIONAL URBAN POLICY IN INDIA • The Government of India has formulated the National Urban Transport Policy • The objective of this policy is to ensure safe, affordable, quick, comfortable, reliable and sustainable access for the growing number of city ds within cities. • Encouraging integrated land use and transport planning in all cities so that travel distances are minimized and access to livelihoods, education, and other social needs, especially for the marginal segments of the urban population is improved • Improving access of business to markets and the various factors of production. • Encourage greater use of public transport and nonmotorized modes by offering Central financial assistance .
- 16. FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN POLICY • Single most serious problem of the many cities today. It must be attacked with urgency, with a greater commitment of resources and with programs designed especially for this purpose. Minority groups • Urban areas are not self-balancing, Imbalances in industry, transportation, housing, social services, and similar elements of urban life . • A concept of urban balance may be tentatively set forth: a social condition in which forces tending to produce imbalance induce counter forces that simultaneously admit change while maintaining equilibrium. Economic and social forces • To respond to urban problems derives from the fragmented and obsolescent structure of urban government itself. Urban government
- 17. FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN POLICY • The federal government provides more and better information concerning urban affairs, and should sponsor extensive and sustained research into urban problems. • Seek to equalize the provision of public services as among different jurisdictions in metropolitan areas. • The federal government seek the development of a far heightened sense of the resources of the natural environment, and the fundamental importance of aesthetics in successful urban growth. Federal urban policy
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