WELLHEAD FOR OIL AND GAS WELL.pptx

1. Tubing (perforated)
2. Casing
3. Annular seal
4. Wellhead
5. Tubing suspension
6. Master valve
7. Master valve
8. Upper valve
9. Wing valve
10. Flow bean
11. To manifold
12. Operator
13. Hand wheel
14. Pressure gage
15. Annular space outlet
valve
16. Cellar
Sumur Produksi
Penyelesaian sumur meliputi pemasangan casing dan rangkaian pipa
produksi, serta mengupayakan agar cairan dapat mengalir ke
permukaan, dimana dipasang kepala sumur lengkap dengan
Christmas tree. Christmas tree merupakan sekumpulan valve, alat
ukur tekanan, penyangga tubing, dll.

3
What is a wellhead ?
– The wellhead is
• the surface foundation on which the well is built up during
the drilling operations and
• the base for the Xmas tree for production operations.

4
Wellheads - Drilling
During drilling process :
The well is controlled by
a BOP and choke
manifold
As the well is drilled :
Each annulus is sealed
off by the wellhead

5
Wellheads - Completed well
Xmas Tree The BOP's are removed
After the tubing is installed :
The Christmas tree is
installed to control the flow
from the well
Wellhead

6
Wellhead systems must be designed to :
Withstand tensile loads of suspended
tubulars
1
2 Provide a pressure sealing capability
ISOLATE the well from the external
environment
ISOLATE between casings and downhole
formations
MAINTAIN PRESSURE during well control
operations, well testing or shut in periods.
Life of Well
•Drilling
•Production
•Workover
•Suspension
•Abandonment

7
What does a wellhead do ?
HANG-OFF WEIGHT
1
2
3
4
CONTAINS PRESSURE
MONITOR THE WELL SAFETY
PROVIDE A BASE FOR THE XMAS
TREE

9
Conventional spooled system
Casing Head Housing
Casing Head Spool
Tubing Head Spool
BOP Stack

10
What are the main
components ?
Casing Head Housing
Casing Head Spool
Tubing Head Spool
Xmas Tree

11
Surface Wellhead schematic
• Medium cost spool system

12
Casing Head Housing
First element of the
wellhead

13
Casing Head Housing - Functions
– It is normally connected to the surface casing
– Supports the next string of casing
– Provides connection to the BOP and together with it can:
• Seal the wellbore (from the atmosphere)
• Control access to the wellbore :
– for pressure control
– or fluid returns during drilling operations.

14
Casing Head Housing - Description
Slip-on weld or threaded
bottom connection
Test port
Side outlets
threaded or
studded
Top connection flanged (standard)
Ring groove
Landing area for
Casing Hanger

15
Starter Head
• Threaded onto surface
casing
• Can provide a landing plate
to sit on the conductor
• Internal profile for next
casing string

18
CHH - Base Plate
The casing head may be used in conjunction
with a base plate for more effective weight
distribution.
Conductor pipe
Surface casing
Cellar

19
What happens after installing the
Casing Head Housing ?
– Nipple up and test BOPs
– Install wear bushing.
– The next hole section is drilled.
– The intermediate casing is run in the hole and is cemented.
– P/U BOPs
– A rough cut is performed to allow retrieving remaining casing and
removing BOPs

20
Casing hung on Casing Hanger
Housing

21
Casing Hangers - Functions
• Suspends intermediate or production casing string
• Centres the casing string in the head (or spool)
• Seals off the casing annulus. ( It is the primary seal )

27
Casing Head Spools
Second element of the
wellhead
Normally not
threaded as
pressures higher
Eg >3000psi.

28
Next Section is Installed
Casing Spool

29
Casing Head Spools - Functions
– Seals off (packs off) surface casing string
– Provides support (landing bowl) for next casing string
– Provides support for well control equipment (BOP Stack)
• Sealing the wellbore (from the atmosphere)
• Controlling access to the wellbore :
– for pressure control
– or fluid returns during drilling operations.

30
Casing Head Spools - Description
Pack Off or Secondary Seal.
Designed to fit around OD of
current casing
Test port
Side outlets
threaded or
studded / flanged
(threaded not
common)
Top connection flanged (standard)
Ring groove
Landing area for
Casing Hanger
Bottom connection
compatible with the top
connection on the
previous casing head or
spool

32
What Seals Pressure Between Flanges
?
Achieved using API ring gaskets

33
What happens after installing the
Casing Spool Housing ?
– Nipple up and test BOPs
– Install wear bushing.
– The next hole section is drilled.
– The intermediate/Production casing is run in the hole and is cemented.
– P/U BOPs
– A rough cut is performed to allow retrieving remaining casing and
removing BOPs.
– Casing Hanger is installed

34
Casing Hangers
Intermediate
or
Production Casing
Landing area

35
Casing Pack-offs
• Fits inside the lower flange
of the casing spool

36
Casing Pack-offs
of the casing spool

37
Casing Pack-offs
of the casing spool

39
Tubing Head Spools
Third element of the
wellhead

40
Tubing Head Spools - Functions
• Seals off (packs off) production casing string
• Provides support and lockdown for tubing hanger
• Provides support for the BOP Stack

41
Tubing Head Spools - Description
TUBING HANGER
LOCK DOWN BOLT
TOP BOWL FOR
TUBING HANGER
VALVE REMOVAL
PLUG THREADS
TEST PORT
Pack off designed to fit around OD
of production casing

42
Tubing Hangers
Tubing
Production casing
Tubing Head Spool
Tubing Hanger
Tubing Hanger
Tubing Head Spool
Tubing Bonnet

43
Tubing Hangers
Functions
• Suspends the tubing
• Seals off the annulus
• Provides a seat for a back pressure valve (BPV)
that can be temporally installed allowing the
BOP stack or X-mas tree to be removed

46
Dual Tubing Head
• Locator pins to orient the
dual hanger

49
Tubing Bonnet
• Seats over the tubing hanger
neck
• Xmas tree on top of this

52
Dual Tubing Bonnet
• Dual completion
• Two tubing strings
– Long string
– Short string
• Spreader

WELLHEAD FOR OIL AND GAS WELL.pptx

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