X-ray artifact

1. Image Artifacts
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2. The image defects shall be describe
under main heading
• 1.unsharpness
• 2.over or under penetration
• 3. poor contrast
• 4.Graininess
• 5.distortion
• 6.double exposure
• 7.image artifact
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3. ARTIFACTS:
AN UNWANTED DENSITY
ON THE FILM
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4. Artifacts
• Any irregularity on an image that is not caused
by proper shadowing of tissue by the primary
x-ray beam.
• Are undesirable optical densities or blemishes
on a radiograph.
• Can be very interesting at times. You become
the detective, what caused that?
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5. Artifact Classification
Screen Film
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6. Exposure Artifacts
 Exposure artifacts are generally associated with the manner
in which the technologist conducts the examination:
– Incorrect screen-film match.
– Poor screen-film contact
– Warped cassettes,
– Improper positioning of the grid
– Improper patient position
– Patient motion
– Double exposure
– Incorrect radiographic technique
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7. 7

8. Exposure
Artifacts
• Usually
easy to detect
And correct
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9. Exposure Artifacts
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10. PATIENT ARTIFACT - JEWERLY
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11. Patient clothing
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Improper patient
preparation

12. Double Exposure
2 exposures made on top of each other –
exposure artifact
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13. Lack of contact
between film and
cassette can
cause “blurring”
of the image
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14. POOR SCREEN CONTACT
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15. Poor screen contact
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16. Patient motion
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17. Double exposure
Child
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18. Double exposure
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19. ?
Hands over upper
abdomen
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20. PATHOLOGY NOT ARTIFACT
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21. E E G MONITOR
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22. What do you
See?
2 exposures
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24. GRID Cut off
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25. PROCESSING ARTIFACTS
• Most often caused by pressure. Pressure
artifacts increase OD
• Scratches or scrapes remove emulsion
appear as low OD
• Roller Marks
• Pi lines
• Dirty roller
• Chemical fog
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27. Guide shoe marks
Improperly placed
Turnaround assembly
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28. scratches
Pi Lines
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29. Scratch marks from
improper handling.
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30. Scratch marks from rollers in
automatic processor.
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31. Developer Spots
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32. Water spot 32

33. Handling & Storage Artifacts
• Image fog – temperature, humidity, radiation,
light
• Pressure marks – film being stacked
• Kink marks
• Static
• Hypo Retention
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34. Discolored film due to
hypo (fixer) retention.
Chemicals not washed
off – over time will turn
film brown
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35. Crimping /cresent mark
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36. Roller marks from film stuck –
then pulled from processor 36

37. Static electricity
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39. Light fog
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40. Kink mark or nail pressure mark
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41. Collimation Errors
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42. Alignment Error: Same technique, different
centering and collimation
S# 592
S# 664
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43. • Thank you
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