The Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji is a Federal government owned higher education institution located in Ile Oluji/Okeigbo, Ondo State, Nigeria. The current rector is Professor Emmanuel Adedayo Fasakin.

1. 1
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of SIWES
The Federal Government of Nigeria under her agency, the Industrial Training Fund (ITF)
established the Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES), in 1973 to assist
students to acquire skills and training that will help them fit into existing industries on
graduation.
This follows the provision of Decree No. 47 of 1971 as amended in 2011 that mandates
students studying Technical and Science based courses in Nigeria tertiary Institutions to
undergo Industrial Attachment (SIWES) from 4 months to 6 months according to the nature
of the course of study.
The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme is strategizing for skill acquisition, in other
to prepare and expose students of universities, monotechnic /polytechnics, and college of
education to face real-life work situation they would encounter after graduation.
1.2 Objectives of SIWES
The specific objectives of the scheme are as follows
i. To provide an avenue for students in institutions of higher learning to acquire
industrial work situations which they are likely to meet after graduation.
ii. Expose students to work methods and techniques in handling equipment and
machineries not available in their institutions.
iii. Provide students with an opportunity to apply their knowledge in real work situations
thereby bridging the gap between theories and practical.

2. 2
iv. Enlist and strengthen employer’s involvement in the entire educational process and
prepare student for employment in industries and commerce.
v. Promote the desired technological know-how required for the advancement of the
nation
1.3 The Bodies Involved in Management of SIWES
The bodies involved are in the management of SIWES are the federal government of Nigeria
and industrial training fund (ITF). Other supervising agencies
Are:
National University Commission (NUC), National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) &
National Council for Colleges of Education (NCCE). The functions of these agencies above
are to:
(i) Ensure adequate funding of the scheme;
(ii) Establish SIWES and accredit SIWES unit in the approved institutions;
(iii) Formulate policies ad guideline for participating bodies and institutions as well as
appointing SIWES coordinators and supporting staff;
(iv) Supervise students at their places of attachment and sign their log-book and ITF
Forms;
(v) Vet and process students’ log-books and forward same to ITF Area office;
(vi) Ensure payment of Allowances for the students and supervisors.
1.4 DEPARTMENTS IN FIRST MERCY HOSPITAL AKURE
 Ammonal Unit: this unit is responsible for control and observational studies

3. 3
 Nursing unit: it is the micro organization in the hospital health system where
integrated patients care are provided
 Record unit: this is the unit were patient’s records are kept for reference purposes
 Surgery unit: the surgical unit provides for pre-post-surgical patients
 Mortuary unit: this is the unit where human corpses are stored for preservation.
 Pharmacy unit: the pharmacy unit is responsible for monitoring the supply of all
medicines used in the hospital
 Health educator: the health educator helps to promote the profession
 Radiology unit: radiology unit is the unit where multiple is performed
 Laboratory unit: this is where tests is carried out on clinical specimens to obtain
information.
1.5 OBJECTIVES ON FIRST MERCY HOSPITAL, AKURE
 To make available a well-equipped and efficient health care facility that
provides a much higher standard of patient’s care than that which was
previously available to women and Children.
 To bring health care to the community through preventive and curative means.
 To bring health care to the community through preventive and curative means.
 To make available a model Health Care Institution, which provides not only
good health care, but which also provides Training and Research opportunities
to Medical and para-mental personnel.
 To make available to women pre-natal and post-natal outpatient services, as
well as immunization for women and children.

4. 4
 To serve as an example to others and thus to encourage national and
international initiatives to invest more in health services so as to improve
welfare of the nation.
1.6 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF FIRST MERCY HOSPITAL AKURE

5. 5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 EXPERIENCE GAINED (SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED)
During my training at FIRST MERCY HOSPITAL, AKURE, I gained knowledge on how
to carry out test on (PVC) Packed Cell Volume, (MP) Malaria Parasite, Hpylori, Blood
Sugar, Pregnancy Test, (PT) and urinalysis
2.1 DEFINITION OF TERMS AND EXPLAINATION OF TEST PERFORMED
 HEALTH RECORD: This is defined as a written account about a patient biography
data, physical examination parameter, laboratory (new/follow up), presenting
complain, diagnosis, type of laboratory investigation done, Drugs given, outcome of
visits (not treated, treated, Admitted).
 HEALTH: Health is defined as the complete state of a person physical, mental,
psychological, physiological set up and social well-being and not merely in the
absence of disease condition.
 HIV: Human deficiency virus is a sexual transmitted disease that kills the
white blood cells which can be transfer through
 MALARIA: Malaria parasites can be identified by examining under the microscope
a drop of the patient’s blood, spread out as a “blood smear” on a microscope slide.
Prior to examination, the specimen is stained (most often with the Giemsa stain) to
give the parasites a distinctive appearance.
 PVC: The Packed Cell Volume test is also called the haematocrit test. It is used to
diagnose anaemia, polycythaemia or dehydration in patients. Generally, the test is a
part of a full blood count and is commonly carried out to monitor response to
treatment, estimate need for blood transfusions, etc.

6. 6
 RECORD: It refers to a written account of fact of event written down at the in
section of the occurrence of such event and preserved in graphical, pictorial, audio or
word text format for future reference.
 WIDAL TEST: Widal test is a common agglutination test employed in the
serological diagnosis of enteric fever. It helps to detect presence of salmonella
antibodies in a patient’s serum.
2.2 PREGNANCY TEST
Pregnancy tests check the urine or blood for a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin
(hCG). The body makes this hormone after a fertilized egg attaches to the wall of the uterus.
This usually happens about 6 days after fertilization. Levels of hCG rise quickly, doubling
every 2 to 3 days.
2.2.1 Types of Pregnancy Test
Two main types of pregnancy tests are blood tests and urine tests.
 Blood tests
Blood test are usually done at the clinic and are not used as often as urine tests. These tests
can detect pregnancy earlier than a home pregnancy test, about 6 to 8 days after ovulation. It
takes longer to get the results than with a home pregnancy test.
 Urine tests
This can be done at home or atb the clinic.
Along with being private and convenient, home pregnancy tests are quick and easy to use.
They are also very accurate if the directions are followed. These pregnancy tests all work in a
similar way.

7. 7
2.2.2 Procedure for Pregnancy Test
 Hold the test stick in the urine stream
 Collect urine sample in a cup and dip the test stick into it
 Collect the urine sample in a cup and use a dropper to put it into another container
 Wait a few minutes before seeing the results.
FIG 2.1 SHOWS AN APPARATUS USE IN TESTING FOR PREGNANCY
2.3 PACKED CELL VOLUME (PCV)
The Packed Cell Volume test is also called the haematocrit test. It is used to diagnose
anaemia, polycythaemia or dehydration in patients. Generally, the test is a part of a full blood
count and is commonly carried out to monitor response to treatment, estimate need for blood
transfusions, etc. Blood is a mixture of plasma and cells. The packed cell volume (PCV) test
measures how much of the blood consists of cells. A PCV of 50% means 50 ml of cells are

8. 8
present in 100 ml of blood. If the number of red blood cells increases, the PCV also rises. It
also increases as a result of dehydration.
2.3.1 Procedure for PCV Test
To carry out the test, blood is withdrawn from the arm using a needle. Before withdrawing
blood, an elastic band will be wrapped around the arm to stop blood flow and to make veins
visible. The site will be cleaned and a needle will be inserted. Once enough sample is
obtained, the needle and elastic band will be removed and the needle site will be rubbed with
cotton. Specimen required for PCV test are:
 whole blood
 Volume
 1ml
 Container
 2ml lavender top tube
2.3.2 Uses of Packed Cell Volume Test
A low PCV implies that the patient has low number of red blood cells and is suffering from
anaemia. The doctor may ask the patient to undergo further tests to determine underlying
causes of anaemia. Treatment will be given accordingly

9. 9
TABLE 3.2: Normal values for Packed Cell Volume Test
Type Gender Age-Group Value
Packed Cell
Volume
Male All age
groups
40.7-50.3%
Packed Cell
Volume
Female All age
groups
36.1 to
44.3%
2.3 WIDAL TEST (SLIDE AGGLUTINATION)
Widal test is a common agglutination test employed in the serological diagnosis of enteric
fever. It helps to detect presence of salmonella antibodies in a patient’s serum.
2.4.1 Preparation for Widal test (Slide Agglutination)
H suspension of bacteria is prepared by adding 0.1 per cent formalin to a 24 hours broth
culture or saline suspension of an agar culture. For preparation of O suspensions of bacteria,
the organisms is cultured on phenol agar to inhibit flagella. Standard smooth strains of the
organism are used; S Typhi 901, O and H strains are employed for this purpose. The growth
is then emulsified in small volume of saline, mixed with 20 times its volume of alcohol,
heated at 40° C to 50° C for 30 minutes and centrifuged. The antigens are treated with
chloroform and appropriate dyes are added for easy identification of antigens.

10. 10
2.3.4 Uses of Widal Test (Slide Agglutination) Test
Agglutination is a positive test result and if the positive reaction is observed with 20 ul of
test sample, it indicates presence of clinically significant levels of the corresponding antibody
in the patient serum. No agglutination is a negative test result and indicates absence of
clinically significant levels of the corresponding antibody.
2.4.3 Procedure for Widal Test (Slide Agglutination)
This is performed for the samples which showed positive agglutination during qualitative
test. Bring all reagents to room temperature and mix well. Dispense one drop of saline into
the first reaction circle and then place 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 ul of the test sample on the remaining
circles. Add a drop of the antigen, which showed agglutination with the test sample in the
qualitative method, to each circle. Mix the contents of each circle with the aid of applicator
stick and rotate the slide gently.
TABLE 3.3: Normal values for Widal test (Slide Agglutination) Test
Type Gender Age-Group Value
Widal Slide
Test
Unisex All age
groups
Agglutination is seen in positive
cases

11. 11
FIG 2.2 SHOW A Widal Test
2.4 MALARIA TEST
Malaria parasites can be identified by examining under the microscope a drop of the patient’s
blood, spread out as a “blood smear” on a microscope slide. Prior to examination, the
specimen is stained (most often with the Giemsa stain) to give the parasites a distinctive
appearance.
2.4.1 PROCEDURE FOR TESTING FOR MALARIA PARASITE
 Take a sample of blood and add it to the sample well
 Wait for the red line to appear
 Add some buffer to develop well

12. 12
FIG 2.3 APPARATUS FOR TESTING FOR MALARIA PARASITE
2.5 HIV TEST
Human Immuno deficiency Virus is a sexually transmitted diseases that kills the
white blood cells which can be transfer through;
 Unprotected sex
 Sharing of sharp objects
 Unscanned blood transfer etc.
2.5.1 TESTING FOR HIV
Blood tests are the most common way to diagnose HIV. These tests look for antibodies to the
virus that the body creates in an attempt to fight the virus. People exposed to the virus should
get tested immediately, although it can take the body up to six weeks or a year to develop
antibodies to the virus.

13. 13
The majority of tests are based on detection of antibodies to HIV in serum or plasma.
However, tests are also available that use whole blood, dried bloodspots, saliva and urine.
Some apparatus utilized in carrying out HIV test are,
FIG 2.4 AN APPARATUS FOR TESTING FOR HIV (Test Kit)
2.3.2 CAPILLARITY TUBE
The uses of capillary tube are
I. To reduce pressure
II. For collecting different sample of liquid
III. For checking concentration, molarity etc
IV. To refrigerate and control flow of refrigerants

14. 14
FIG 2.5 CAPILLARY TUBE
UNIRATING BOTTLE
The urinating bottle is used to collect he patient urine sample and can be utilized by the
following ways;
 The patient positions the urinal so urine will flow into it.
 If possible, cover the person with a sheet or blanket for privacy.
 If the person needs help, hold the urinal in place while they urinate.
 When the person is done urinating, the urinal is carefully removed.

15. 15
FIG 2.6 UNIRATING BOTTLE

16. 16
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONTRIBUTION TO FIRST MERCY HOSPITAL, AKURE
During my training period at a SIEWS student at First Mercy Hospital, Akure I assisted in
collecting patient’s data for registration and helped in carrying out some test on patient’s
blood sample for clinical diagnosis.
3.1 PROJECT DONE (DATA COLLECTED)
I carried out pregnant test, packed cell volumes test, malarial parasite test, widal test and
retroviral screening on the patient’s blood samples. Some of the data collected are based on;
 Pregnancy Test,
 Packed Cell Volume Test
 Widal Test (slide agglutination)
 Malaria Test
 HIV Test
 The Capillarity Tube
 Urinating Bottle

17. 17
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 CONCLUSION
My four months industrial attachment with First Mercy Hospital, Akure has been one of the
most interesting productive and instructive experiences in my life. Through this training, I
have gained new insight and more comprehensive understanding about the real industrial
working condition and practice. It has also improved my soft and function skills. All these
valuable experience and knowledge that I have gained were not only acquired through the
direct involvement in task but also through other aspects of the training such as: work
observation, interaction with colleagues, superior and other people related to the field. It also
exposed me to certain things about recording. I learnt how to carryout test on PVC (packed
cell volume), Malaria parasite (MP), hpylori, blood sugar, (pregnancy test) and urinalysis. I
am sure the SIWES training program has achieved its primary objective.
4.1 PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED DURING THE SIWES PROGRAM
The Problem I had is with the patients, most of the patients are not willing to give exact
information needed
4.2 RECOMMENDATION
 I would strongly plead for incentives for the student to be paid during the
at t achm ent peri od.
 Lastly, I would want to implore the SIWES unit to do a good follow-up in all the
firms/organizations where their students have carried out their SIWES in regards to
securing job for their student

18. 18
REFERENCES
ITF (2004). Information and guidelines for student industrial work experience
scheme; Reviewed, Jos, Nigeria.
Student Handbook (2023), Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji Ondo State.