electrical and electronics engineering ,yaba college of technology

1. A TECHNICAL REPORT ON
STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME
(SIWES)
UNDERTAKEN AT
SAMRON ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES (SET)
20, AJEGUNLE STREET, ILUPEJU, OSHODI, LAGOS.
BY
ODUBIYI,KAZEEM AKINOLA
F/ND/15/3420006
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF INDUSTRIA AND MANUFACTURING
YABA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY.
A SIWES REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS YABA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY,IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE OND DEGREE
IN ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
FROM:
APRIL TO JULY 2017
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2. ABSTRACT
The Siwes report presents the experience gathered during my three months of Industrial
training undertaken of Samron Engineering Technologies, Ilupeju, Oshodi, Lagos.
My training was on Electronics/Electrical Technician inverter section, solar installation, and
security system. I acquired practical knowledge on how to repair, replace and install electrical
systems. This report discusses the technical skills gained during the training period and
justifying the relevance of the scheme in equipping student with needed technical competence
to thrive in the real world.
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3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I acknowledge the overwhelming help that God gave me through the scheme.
Without his support and miracles, I would not have been alive, let alone of having a
successful industrial training attachment.
I appreciate my parents and siblings for their constant help, and financial support.
I heartily express my appreciation to Eng. Godwin Daniel (Engineer at Samron Engineering
Technologies) for making it possible for me to do my training at Samron Engineering
Technologies.
I also appreciate Eng. Sam Omoniyi (C.E.O Samron Engineering) for sparing some of his
precious time to teach me all I could understand about inverter and solar installation. I also
thanks my colleagues, Ayinde Jubril, Taiwo Olayemi, Habib Lawal, Otukoya Ibrahim and
Amuleya Tobi, for their help towards making my three months industrial training attachment
a swell time.
Sincerely, all the people at the fabrication and installation department taught me so much that
I could not have had a successful training without them. I really appreciate their effort over
me
My appreciation goes to the Industrial Training Fund for their foresight in putting this
program in place and also to Electrical/Electronics department, Yaba College of Technology,
Yaba, Lagos for providing a platform on which I was engaged on the training.
Finally to my institution based supervisor, Eng. Ogunrewo O.F, for his support to me and my
friends and colleagues.
Thank you all, I am highly grateful.
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4. TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page
Cover Page...........................................................................................................................i
Abstract...............................................................................................................................ii
Acknowledge......................................................................................................................iii
Table of Content..................................................................................................................iv
List of Table.........................................................................................................................v
List of Figure........................................................................................................................v
Chapter One
Introduction to Training Program....................................................................................1
1.0 Purpose of Training.........................................................................................................1
1.1 Objective of SIWES........................................................................................................1
Chapter Two
Company Profile..................................................................................................................2
2.0 Samron Engineering Technologies..................................................................................2
2.1 Brief History of SET........................................................................................................2
2.2 Vision of SET...................................................................................................................2
2.3 The Company’s Scope of Work........................................................................................2
Chapter Three
The Training Program..........................................................................................................3
3.0 Task Perform......................................................................................................................3
3.1 Work Experienced in Installation Department...................................................................4
3.10 Inverter..................................................................................................................4
3.11 Battery...................................................................................................................5
3.12 Solar Panel.............................................................................................................6
3.2 The Activities Perform in the Installation Department....................................................6-7
Chapter Four
Problem Encounter..................................................................................................................8
Chapter Five
5.0 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................9
5.1 Relevance in Experience Gained to Classroom Knowledge...........................................9
Chapter Six
Recommendation and Suggestion.........................................................................................10
Reference.................................................................................................................................10
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5. List of Figures and Tables
Table 3.0 - Showing some electric components and their functions
Figure 3.10 - Inverter
Figure 3.11 - Battery
Figure 3.11(a) - Series configuration
Figure 3.11(b) - Parallel Configuration
Figure 3.12 - Solar Panel
Figure 3.2(a) - Distribution board
Figure 3.2(bi) - Assemble of Solar Panel
Figure 3.2(bii) - Mounting of Solar
Figure 3.2(c) - Charge Controller
Figure 3.2(d) - Typical Diagram of Inverter/Solar Installation
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6. CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION TO TRAINING PROGRAM
1.0 PURPOSE OF TRAINING
The Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) was initiated in 1973 by the
Industrial Training Fund (ITF). This was to upgrade practical knowledge of students in the
Universities, Polytechnics and Colleges of Technologies. It was aimed at bridging the gap
between the theoretical knowledge acquired in classes and technical knowledge in the
industries to provide students with the opportunities to apply educational knowledge in real
work situations.
Over the years, SIWES has contributed immensely in building the common pool of technical
and allied skills available to the Nigerians economy which are needed for the nations
industrial development.
Furthermore, the place and relevance of SIWES is underscored by the fact that the scheme
contributes to improving the quality of technical skills generally available in the pool from
which employers source technical manpower.
It also gives students opportunity to blend theoretical knowledge acquired in the classrooms
with practical hands, on application of knowledge require to perform work in the industry.
Also, it prepares students for employment and makes the transition from school to the world
of work easier after graduation.
I undertook my SIWES training at Samron Engineering Technologies which is located at 20,
Ajegunle, Ilupeju Oshodi, Lagos State which lasted from April 3rd to June 30th, 2017 (15
weeks).
1.1OBJECTIVE OF SIWES
The following are the some of the objectives of the SIWES
1. SIWES will provide students the opportunity to test their interest in a particular career
before permanents commitments are made.
2. SIWES will develop skills in the application of theory to practical work situations.
3. SIWES will provide students the opportunity to test their aptitude for a particular career
before permanent commitments are made.
4. SIWES students will develop skills and techniques directly applicable to their career.
5. SIWES will aid students in adjusting from college to full time employment.
6. SIWES will provide students the opportunity to develop attitudes conducive to
interpersonal relationships.
7. SIWES will increase a student’s sense of responsibility.
8. SIWES students will prepare to enter into full time employments in their area of
specialization upon graduation.
9. SIWES students will acquire good work habits
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7. CHAPTER TWO
COMPANY PROFILE
2.0 SAMRON ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES (SET)
Samron Engineering Technologies (SET) has its headquarters located at 20, Ajegunle Street,
Ilupeju Oshodi, Lagos, with branch office located in Lagos and Ekiti state.
2.1 BRIEF HISTORY OF SET:
Samron Engineering Technologies was founded in 2002 by its current chairman/C.E.O
(Samuel Omoniyi) on June 30th, 2002. It is an indigenous electrical and electronics company,
and specialize on inverter/solar with security systems. The company was formerly known as
Samatech Engineering LTD, before it was changed to Samron Engineering Technologies in
2012. The company has a staff strength of approximately 20.
2.2 VISION OF SET:
·To provide 24/7 electricity for people and tackle the problem of electricity in the country.
·To make the inverter/solar amongst the best source of electricity in the country.
The function of the organization include:
·To provide electricity in affordable price for people.
·To reduce the challenges of electricity in the country.
·To reduce the amount people spend on fuel and PHCN bill.
·Installation and effective maintenance of inverter/solar.
·Electrical and Sound Systems installation both in conduit and surface .
·Security systems .
·Student project.
2.3 The Company's Scope of Work
In area of specialization ,Samron Engineering Technologies has the capacity of providing the
following services.
(i) service and maintenance (ii) fabrication (iii) installation
SET is made up of major department .They are
(1) sales department (2) service department (3) maintenance department
(4) installation department (5) fabrication department.
2.4 Command structure of the organisation
CHAIRMAN/CEO
GENERAL MANAGER
OPERATION MANAGER
SUPERVISOR
OPERATION ENGINEER TECHNICIAN
JUNIOR TECHNICIAN
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8. CHAPTER THREE
THE TRAINING PROGRAM
3.0 THE TASK PERFORM
Then I was assigned to the electronics department, where I was taught on the identification of
various electronic components e.g resistor, capacitor, diode, integrated circuit (IC) , inductor,
regulator, MOSFET e.t.c,
I was also taught their uses which some is expressed in the table below;
Components Functions
Resistor In electronic circuit, resistor are used to reduce
current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide
voltages, bias active elements, and terminate
transmission lines among other uses.
Diode The most common function of a diode is to
allow an electric current to pass in one direction
(called the diode’s forward direction), while
blocking current in the opposite direction
(The reverse direction)
Transistor A transistor is a semi-conductor device used to
amplify or switch electronic signals and electri-
cal power.
Capacitor Its function is to store the electrical energy and
give this energy again to the circuit when
necessary.
Inductor They are used to block AC while allowing DC
to pass.
Regulator This is designed to automatically maintain
a constant voltage level.
Table 3.0: Showing some of electric components and their functions.
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9. During my stay in Samron Engineering Technologies, for the first month, I was assigned to the
electronics department as a technician in the inverter section, more specifically the oscillator
section.
3.1 WORK EXPERIENCED IN INSTALLATION DEPARTMENT
For the second month of my SIWES at Samron Engineering Technologies, I was
transferred to installation department.
In installation department, I was basically involve in installation of inverter, battery, solar
panel and electrical equipment.
3.10 INVERTER: Is an electric device that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current
(AC).
The input voltage, output voltage, frequency and handling depend on the design of the
specific device. The inverter does not produce any power. The power is provided by the DC
source.
Figure 3.10 Inverter
Inverter is rated in KVA (kilovolt amps)
Input Voltage
A typical power inverter device requires a relatively stable DC power source capable of
supplying enough current for the intended power demands of the system. The input voltage
depends on the design and purpose of the inverter. Examples include;
·12 VDC, for smaller consumer and commercial inverters that typically run from a
rechargeable 12v lead-acid battery.
·24, 36 and 48 VDC, which are common standards for home energy systems.
·200 – 400, when power is from solar panels.
Output Waveform
An inverter can produce a modified sine wave, or pure sine wave depends on circuit
design.
There are two basic designs for producing household plug-in voltage from long-voltage DC
source, and then convert to AC.
The second method converts DC to AC at battery level and uses a line frequency
transformation to create the output voltage
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10. Output Frequency
The AC output frequency of a power inverter device is usually the same as standard power line
frequency, 50 or 60 hertz. If the output of the device or circuit is to be further conditioned (for
example, stepped up) then the frequency may be much higher for good transformation efficiency.
Output Voltage
The AC output voltage of a power inverter is often regulated to be the same as the grid line
voltage, typically 120 or 240 VDC at the distribution level, even when there are changes in the
load that the inverter is driving. This allows the inverter to power numerous devices designed for
standard line power. Some inverters also allow selectable or continuously variable output
voltages.
Output Power
Inverter will often have an overall power rating expressed in Watts or Kilowatts. This describes
the power that will be available to the device the inverter is driving and indirectly, the power that
will be needed from the DC source. Smaller popular consumer and commercial devices designed
to mimic line power typically range from 150 to 300 watts.
3.11 BATTERY
The runtime of an inverter is depended on the battery power and the amount of power
being drawn from the inverter at a given time. As the amount of equipment using the inverter
increases, the runtime decreases. In order to prolong the runtime of an inverter, additional
batteries can be added to the inverter.
When attempting to add more batteries to an inverter, there are two basic options for
installation.
Figure 3.11 Battery
1. Series Configuration
In a series configuration, voltage increase. This type of connection can only used for more
than 124 power inverter system. In a series configuration, if a single battery died, the other
battery will not be able to power the load.
Figure 3.11(a) Series Configuration
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11. 1. Parallel Configuration
In a parallel connection, the capacity increases and prolong the runtime of the inverter. This
increase the overall ampere hour (Ah) rating of the battery set.
If a single battery is discharged through the other batteries will then discharged through it.
This can lead to rapid discharge of the entire pack, or even an over current and possible
power. To avoid this, large paralleled batteries may be connected via diodes or intelligent
monitoring with automatic switching to isolate an under voltage batteries from others
Figure 3.11(b) Parallel Configuration
3.12 SOLAR PANEL
Solar panel absorbs the sunlight as a source of energy to generate electricity or heat
A photovoltaic (PV) module is a packaged connect assembly of typically 6 x 10
photovoltaic solar cells.
Figure 3.12 Solar Panel
Photovoltaic module constitute the photovoltaic array of a photovoltaic system that
generates and supplies solar electricity in commercial and residential application. Each module is
rated by its DC output power under Standard Test Conditioned (STC) and typically ranged from
100 to 365 watts (W). The efficiency of a module determines the area of a module given the
same rated output of a 16% efficient, 250 watts module. There are a few commercial available
solar module that exceed efficiency of 22% and reportedly also exceeding 24%
3.2 THE ACTIVITIES PERFORM IN INSTALLATION DEPARTMENT
3.5KVA/48V Inverter with Solar Panel Installation for domestic use
Parameter:
5KVA Inverter
4x12V/200Ah Batteries
8x100W Solar Panels
48V, 100A Charge Controller
Solar and battery rack
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12. PROCEDURE:
üFirstly, the load was first isolated from the distribution board (DB) i.e the separation of loads
that will work with inverter from other load in the house.
Figure 3.2 (a) Distribution board
üThe batteries was connected together in series configuration to produce 48V output.
üThe inverter was connected to the batteries and it powered ON for testing and OFF
immediately.
üThe solar panel was mounted on the roof using solar rack and it was connected in series and
parallel configuration.
Figure 3.2 (bi) Assemble of solar panel Figure 3.2 (bii) Mounting of solar
üThe output from the solar panel was connected directly to the charge controller.
Figure 3.2 (c) Charge Controller
üThe output of the charge controller was connected to the batteries in order to charge the
batteries with the required voltage.
üAll the connection was properly checked and tested using multi-meter.
Figure 3.2 (d)Typical diagram of Inverter/Solar Installation
üThe system was powered ON
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13. CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED
Challenges that I was confronted with at Samron Engineering Technologies was centred
mainly on soldering. When I was in electronic section, it was very difficult for me to use
soldering iron to sold on vero board using soldering led. I got myself injured severally when
handling soldering iron, due to the high number of people which is inverse to the space available
in the workshop.
There was also a time when I was transferred to installation department, where I found
fixing trunk difficult. It was many time I did hit myself with hammer and spoil many trunks
before I mastered it. Also my first day on sight where I found it difficult to climb roof.
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14. CHAPTER FIVE
5.0CONCLUSION
My three months industrial attachment as an engineer at samron engineering technologies
was huge success and a great time of acquisition of knowledge and skilld. Through my
training i was able to appreciate my choosen course of study even more because i had the
opportunity to blend the theoretical knowledge acquired from school with the practical hands
on application of knowledge gained here to perform very important tasks that contributed in
a way to my productivity in the company .It also gave the opportunity to have a fact of what
it would be like after graduation when i start working.
5.1RELEVANCE OF EXPERIENCE GAINED TO CLASSROOM KNOWLEDGE
The relevance of the experience gained can be linked to following courses;
EEC 129 Electrical installation
EEC115 Electrical science 1
EEC126 Instrumentation 1
EEC124 Electronics
EEC123 Electrical machine 1
EEC122 Electrical power 1
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15. CHAPTER SIX
6.0 RECOMMENDATION AND SUGGESTION
I use this means to make the following recommendation and suggestion
ü.Allowance should be paid to student during the programme just like NYSC and not after.
This would help them a great deal to handle some financial problems during their training
course.
ü. I suggest ITF should liaise with some companies where they will take up students for
industrial training .this will help student who find it difficult to find attachments or who
end up in companies where they do nothing.
REFERENCE
“Guide to successful participation in SIWES” by engnr. Olusegun AT mafe,2009.
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