Effective Landscapes (2015 KIB Annual Conference)
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Attendees of the 4th annual Keep Iowa Beautiful Annual Conference learned, discussed and heard a variety of valuable presentations from distinguished speakers and panelists within the industry. This presentation is for your review; feel free to share with others. Please contact us if you have any questions, gschnepf@keepiowabeautiful.com. If you've enjoyed what you've seen here, please consider becoming a member of Keep Iowa Beautiful which helps to continually support the improvement of Iowa communities and impacts statewide economic development. Join today: www.keepiowabeautiful.com/memberships
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Effective Landscapes (2015 KIB Annual Conference)
- 1. MANAGING Tough Times Rules for an Effective Landscape Yvonne McCormick, ISU Extension Horticulturist Yvonne@iastate.edu Volunteers Serving Their University
- 2. MANAGING Tough Times Which do you prefer… • Formal or Informal landscape designs?
- 3. MANAGING Tough Times Principles of Landscape Design As they relate to: •Line •Form •Texture •Color • Unity • Scale • Balance • Simplicity • Variety • Emphasis • Sequence
- 4. MANAGING Tough Times Add Empathsis • Focal point
- 5. MANAGING Tough Times Avoid “Zipper” plantings • Use of same elements – repeated over and over again • Monotonous
- 6. MANAGING Tough Times Pair opposites • Fine/Course • Short/Tall • Round/Upright • Thugs/Dainty • Small/Large • Color contrasts
- 7. MANAGING Tough Times To grow healthy plants… • You need healthy soil!
- 8. MANAGING Tough Times What is “Healthy” Soil? It depends.. Dr. Jeff Iles
- 9. MANAGING Tough Times Soil vs. Dirt Dirt is misplaced Soil Dr. Jeff Iles
- 10. MANAGING Tough Times What is “Healthy” Soil? • Healthy soils = Healthy plants • Soil health = Soil quality • Soil fertility is only one component of soil quality
- 11. MANAGING Tough Times Remember: Overuse of chemical fertilizer may lead to ground and surface water contamination!
- 12. MANAGING Tough Times Micro and Macronutrients • Some plants need certain nutrients in large amounts, like nitrogen, phosphorus & potassium (N-P-K) • Other nutrients, like boron and manganese, plants only need in very small amounts (Micronutrients)
- 13. MANAGING Tough Times Soil Testing • For pH results • Fertility levels – levels of phosphorus and potassium • Yearly soil tests are not necessary – test every three or four years ST 0011
- 14. MANAGING Tough Times Soil pH affects plant growth • If soil has a pH of 7, soil is neutral – Most Iowa soils are neutral or slightly alkaline • Optimum pH is between 6 – 7 for most plants
- 16. MANAGING Tough Times How to get your soil healthy? PM 0820
- 17. MANAGING Tough Times Other planting concerns • Analyze the site – Soil, slope, drainage – Sun & wind – House & structures – Existing plants • Any special family needs? • Maintenance considerations
- 18. MANAGING Tough Times Plan options for obstacles
- 19. MANAGING Tough Times Don’t forget to plan your views • Do a property walk – Standing on your front step, do you have a pleasant view? – What do you see from the backyard deck? – Note recurring objectionable noises – Think about what your neighbors will see
- 20. MANAGING Tough Times Before planting - make the call!
- 23. MANAGING Tough Times No – No – No! • Topped trees
- 24. MANAGING Tough Times No – No – No! • Topped trees
- 25. MANAGING Tough Times What’s wrong with this picture?
- 26. MANAGING Tough Times Use mulch for sustainable landscape
- 28. MANAGING Tough Times Mulch occurs naturally in forests • Decaying organic matter • Use mulch in landscapes
- 29. MANAGING Tough Times Mulch trees to dripline • Tree roots near the soil surface • Dripline = area directly below tree canopy
- 30. MANAGING Tough Times Avoid mulch volcanos
- 32. MANAGING Tough Times Use Mulch for Healthy Soil • Controls weeds • Conserves moisture • Aids disease control • Use organic mulch to improve soil
- 33. MANAGING Tough Times Why use Organic Mulch? • Organic matter improves soil quality… – Also known as humus • Results from decomposition of vegetative & animal matter • Makes up smallest % of soil by volume but is essential for good garden soil
- 34. MANAGING Tough Times Which Mulch is better?
- 35. MANAGING Tough Times Free Compost and Wood Mulch • Available at local municipal yard waste compost sites
- 36. MANAGING Tough Times Use mulch in containers
- 37. MANAGING Tough Times Avoid rings of death!
- 38. MANAGING Tough Times Avoid rings of death!
- 39. MANAGING Tough Times If tree dies…you can always do this
- 41. MANAGING Tough Times Downy Mildew of Impatiens • Does not affect New Guinea types
- 42. MANAGING Tough Times Garden Transplants
- 43. MANAGING Tough Times Transplants must be hardened-off • Gradually expose to outside environment – So acclimated enough to tolerate stresses
- 44. MANAGING Tough Times What does hardening-off do? • Slows down vigorous growth • Builds protective cuticle • Stores up sugars & starch
- 45. MANAGING Tough Times To Reduce Transplant Shock • Choose cloudy day or early evening • Use coverings as needed – Newspaper tents, etc • Fertilize wisely • Tear or break down peat pots and cover with soil – Lip of peat pot acts like a wick, allowing moisture to escape!
- 46. MANAGING Tough Times Never work wet soils Soil too wet > • < Soil ready for tilling
- 47. MANAGING Tough Times Soil Sanitation for Healthy Soil • Remove diseased plants • Burn / bury / trash www.plantpath.wisc.edu/
- 48. MANAGING Tough Times Garden Soil • Most Iowa soils are well suited for vegetables, flowers & turf • But special problems need correction before planting: – Too wet/poor drainage – Difficult to till/high clay content – Dry out too quickly/large amount of sand
- 49. MANAGING Tough Times Garden Soil Correction • These problems can be corrected by same technique – Add Organic Matter!
- 50. MANAGING Tough Times Other tips for healthy plants… • Rotate annual plants • Choose varieties meant to grow in the area you live • Spread an inch or two of compost over lawns & gardens before planting
- 51. MANAGING Tough Times For ISU Pubs Visit the ISU Extension Store at: http://store.extension.iastate.edu
Editor's Notes
- Unity Zipper planting
- Balance – symmetrical or asymmetrical is just one of the principles of effective LS design
- Astilbe adds focal point
- Adds pizzaz!
- Many new housing developments had most of top soil removed or buried during construction
- Sun & shade during different times & season
- Low (under 25’) next to utility line; Med (25-35’) at least 25’ away; Lg (over 35’) at least 50’ awayf; Trees & shrubs at least 10’ away from ground transformers
- Topping hurts trees large wounds may not heal properly & increases vulnerability to dx, insects & storm damage
- The shape of the tree will be ruined for several years, This is how they will grow back
- Gravel mulch – may heat soil enough to damage plant roots -absorbs heat causing a hot environment for plants
- Mechanical damage to plants reduces vigor & life span by disrupting water & nutrient translocation & creates entry points for plant pathogens & fungii
- Another advantage of mulching is prevention of mower blight (mower collisions that damage bark, cambium & vascular tissue of trees
- Many woody plants evolved in forests covered by moist layer of decaying leaves, twigs & branches - Mulch helps plants survive & thrive in urban landscapes
- Mulch shallow-rooted trees, silver maple & Norway maple – buffer trees & shrubs with mulch extending from near the trunk to the dripline as this dogwood
- Creates conditions for pathogens that cause fungal cankers & root rots Roots can’t breathe!
- Apply mulch only 3 to 4 inches deep
- Take advantage – go green - help recycle – save $ to buy more plants!
- Straw, Nut hulls, Wood chips, decomposed granite, shredded bark & tumbled glass Mulch in raised planters dyed to enhance ornamental value – colored mulch fades
- Trees in the open where sun shines directly on bark A winter day when sunl warms the bark and inner wood on south or west side of tree, especially young trees with thin bark As sun sets temps drop quickly causing shrinkage in bark while inner wood takes longer to contract The unequal shrinkage causes bark to split Relieve compaction, water and fertilize to help overcome
- #1 shade plant
- -Do not grow plants with known dx problems such as Ash, Spruce trees Diversify to prevent disease
- Don’t believe every thing you see on Pinterest!
- Another rule to follow
- Crop rotation is not just for vegetable gardens; it is a good idea to “rotate” your annual flowers as well by not planting in the same spot year after year