2. Sa simpleng pagpapakahulugan, ang tula ay
anyong pampanitikan na binubuo ng mga taludtod.
Ang anyo ng tula ay maaaring naaayon sa
sukat at tugma na may padrong sinusunod sa bilang
ng pantig at sa tugmaan ng dulong salita; o maaari
ding sumusunod sa malayang taludturan na walang
tiyak na bilang ang pantig at tugmaan ang mga
linya.
TULA
3. Sa papel ni Dr. J. Neil Garcia (2017), kilalang
manunulat 'sa bansa mula sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas,
idiniin niyang ang tula ay higit pa sa mga taglay nitong
taludtod.
Ang tula, para sa kaniya, ay isang kaganapang
pangwika. Ito ay kaganapan ng pagsasanib ng may-akda
sa kaniyang kakayahan sa wika at talinghaga upang
magpahayag ng damdamin. Kaya naman, ang tula,
kagaya ng iba pang anyo ng sining, ay isa ring
malikhaing pagpapahayag ng nararamdaman.
TULA
4. Ang tulang binasa sa aralin na ito ay mula sa
Socialist Republic of Vietnam o mas kilala bilang
Vietnam.
Gaya ng maraming bansa sa Timog-Silangang
Asya, napasailalim din ito sa pananakop ng dayuhan
partikular na ng mga Pranses. Tulad ng naging
layunin ng kolonyalismong Espanyol sa Pilipinas,
sinakop ng Pranses ang Vietnam upang magamit ang
mga hilaw na materyales nito sa paggawa ng
produkto sa kalakalan.
KALIGIRAN NG TULA
5. Nagkaroon ng hindi mabilang na kilusang
pagpapalaya sa bansang ito at isa sa itinuturing
nilang mga bayani ay ang may-akda ng tulang
babasahin. Umusbong ang akda sa panahon ng mga
sigalot at kilusang pagpapahayag laban sa
pananakop.
KALIGIRAN NG TULA
7. ANO ANG TULA?
• Ang Tula ay isang anyo ng sining o panitikan na
naglalayong maipahayag ang damdamin sa
malayang pagsusulat.
• Ang Tula ay likha ng isip na sumasalamin sa pang-
araw-araw na buhay ng tao na ipinapahayag sa
malalim na pamamaraan.
8. MAYROONG APAT NA ELEMENTO ANG TULA
• Sukat - tumutukoy sa bilang ng pantig ng bawat
taludtod na bumubuo sa isang saknong.
HAL: Ang sugat, kung tinatanggap, 8
di daramdamin ang antak; 8
ang aaayaw at di mayag, 8
galos lamang, magnanaknak 8
9. APAT NA URI NG SUKAT
• Wawaluhin – walong pantig
• Lalabindalawahin – labindalawang pantig
• Lalabing-animin – labing-anim na pantig
• Lalabing-waluhin – labing-walong pantig
10. 2. Saknong - tumutukoy sa isang grupo sa loob ng
isang tula na may dalawa o maraming taludtod.
11. HALIMBAWA;
• 2 na taludtod – couplet
• 3 na taludtod – tercet
• 4 na taludtod – quatrain
• 5 na taludtod – quintet
• 6 na taludtod – sestet
• 7 na taludtod – septet
• 8 na taludtod – octave
12. 3. Tugma - Ito ang nagbibigay ng himig at ito ay
lubhang nakagaganda ng tula. Ang tugma ay
tumutukoy sa magkakasintunog ng huling pantig ng
huling salita ng bawat linya.
13. DALAWANG URI NG TUGMA
• Tugmang ganap- Ito ay angparehong patinig na
nasa huling bahagi ng huling salita.
“Ang hindi magmahal sa kanyang salita
Mahigit sa hayop at malansang isda,
Kaya ang marapat pagyamaning kusa
Na tulad sa inang tunay na nagpala.”
14. 2. Tugmang 'di Ganap - Ito naman ang ipinakikita sa
unang saknong ng tula. Sapagkat sa tugmang hindi
ganap ay mayroong dalawang lupon na tinatawag.
1. b, k, d, g, p, s, t
2. l, m, n, r, w, y
“Kapagka ang baya’y sadyang umiibig
Sa kanyang salitang kaloob ng langit,
Sanlang kalayaan nasa ring masapit
Katulad ng ibong nasa himpapawid.”
15. 4. Kariktan - Ito ay mga maririkit na salita para
mapasaya ang mambabasa at mapukaw ang
damdamin at kawilihan. Ang elementong ito ng tula ay
nakapagdaragdag interes sa mga mambabasa.
5. Talinhaga - Ito naman ay tumutukoy sa mga di-tiyak
na pagtukoy ng mga bagay na binabanggit. Ito ay
maaaring isa sa gamitin upang hindi lantarang
maipahayag ang nais ipahayag sa isang tula.
17. Table of contents
You can describe the topic
of the section here
You can describe the topic
of the section here
You can describe the topic
of the section here
You can describe the topic
of the section here
You can describe the topic
of the section here
You can describe the topic
of the section here
01
04
02
05
03
06
About Introduction Language
Variations Exercises Digital age
19. Language variation
and change
Do you know what helps you make your point
crystal clear? Lists like this one:
● They’re simple
● You can organize your ideas clearly
● You’ll never forget to buy milk!
And the most important thing: the audience
won’t miss the point of your presentation
20. Whoa!
This can be the part of the presentation where you
introduce yourself, write your email…
21. Do you need a longer text?
Mercury takes a little more than 58
days to complete its rotation, so try to
imagine how long days must be there!
Since the temperatures are so
extreme, albeit not as extreme as on
Venus, Mercury has been deemed to
be non-habitable for humans
Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest one in the entire
Solar System. Contrary to popular
belief, this planet's name has nothing
to do with the liquid metal. Mercury
was, instead, named after the famous
Roman messenger god Mercurius
22. Bilingualism and multilingualism
Venus has a beautiful name and
is the second planet from the
Sun. It’s hot and has a
poisonous atmosphere
Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest one in
the Solar System—it’s only a bit
larger than the Moon
Mercury Venus
23. Socioeconomic factors
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun and the
smallest of them all
Venus has a beautiful
name and is the second
planet from the Sun
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place. It’s
full of iron oxide dust
Mercury Venus Mars
24. Sociopolitical factors
Mars is actually a very
cold place
Venus has extremely
high temperatures
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Saturn is a gas giant
and has several rings
Mars
Jupiter
Venus
Saturn
29. Jupiter's rotation period
9h 55m 23s
333,000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s
386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
30. Most spoken foreign languages in Spain
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun and the
smallest of them all
Mercury
Venus has a beautiful
name and is the second
planet from the Sun
Venus
Despite being red, Mars
is a cold place. It’s full of
iron oxide dust
Mars
25% 50%
25%
31. A picture always
reinforces
the concept
Images reveal large amounts of data, so
remember: use an image instead of a long
text. Your audience will appreciate it
32. Computer
mockup
You can replace the image on the
screen with your own work. Just
right-click on it and select “Replace
image”
33. Tablet mockup
You can replace the image on the screen
with your own work. Just right-click on it
and select “Replace image”
34. Phone mockup
You can replace the image on the screen
with your own work. Just right-click on it
and select “Replace image”
35. Language policy and planning
Venus has a beautiful name and
is the second planet
Aspects to
consider
National
Regional
Community
International
Economic
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place
Jupiter is a gas giant and the
biggest planet
Saturn is the second-largest
planet in the Solar System
Neptune is the fourth-largest
planet in the Solar System
36. Gender and language
Aspect Description
Gendered language Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet
Speech patterns Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings
Vocabulary and discourse Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun
Linguistic sexism Venus has extremely high temperatures
Language reform efforts Earth is also known as the Blue Planet
Feminist Linguistics Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place
37. Venus has extremely
high temperatures
Neptune is very far
away from the Sun
Influence of migration on Spanish language
and culture
Mars is actually a very
cold place
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
Saturn is a gas giant
with several rings
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Mars Venus Neptune
Mercury Saturn Jupiter
39. Sociolinguistic research methods
Neptune is far away
from planet Earth
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
Mercury is a very
small planet
Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place
Neptune Jupiter Mars
Venus Mercury
40. Spanish sociolinguistics through history
1492
Reconquista
and linguistics
Venus is very hot
Colonial
expansion
We all live on Earth
Emerge of
sociolinguistics
Mercury is very small
Digital comms
and change
Mars is made of basalt
16th
Century
20th
Century
21st
century
41. Let's analyze words and social context
Mars is actually a very
cold place
Venus has extremely
high temperatures
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Saturn is a gas giant
and has several rings
Tú/usted
Dialectal
features
Code-
switching
Spanglish
42. Highlighting changes in vocabulary
Aspect Traditional language Reformed language
Professions "El actor" (male actor) "El/la actor/actriz" (actor)
Titles "Señor" (Mr.) "Señor/señora" (Mr./Mrs.)
Gendered Pronouns "Él" (he)
"Él/ella" (he/she), "Elle" (non-
binary)
Occupational Terms "Camarero" (waiter) "Camarero/a" (waiter/waitress)
Nationalities "Latino" (male) "Latino/a" (male/female), "Latinx"
Family roles "Padre" (father)
"Padre/madre" (parent), "Padre-
madre"
43. Program monthly schedule
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
01 02 03
04 05 06 07 08 09 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Neptune
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
Jupiter
Jupiter was named after
a Roman god
Mercury
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
44. Students testimonials
“Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings. It’s composed mostly of
hydrogen and helium”
Alex Turner
“Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s
terribly hot, even hotter than Mercury”
Jessica Parker
“Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun. It’s also the fourth-largest
planet by diameter in the Solar System”
Ann Martinez
45. Number of graduates is rising
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then
paste the new one here. For more info, click here
2XXX
Mercury is a very
small planet
2XXX
Jupiter is a very
big planet
2XXX
Venus is a very
hot planet
2XXX
Saturn is a gas
giant with rings
46. Project: bilingualism - code-switching
Instructions: This project aims to investigate the phenomenon of bilingualism and code-
switching in Spanish-English communities, analyzing the sociolinguistic dynamics and
implications of language contact. You will conduct fieldwork, collect data, and present your
findings in a comprehensive report
Project steps:
● Research and background study
● Community selection
● Data collection
● Data analysis
● Presentation and report
● Discussion and reflection
● Presentation and Q&A
● Peer review and feedback
Project Outcomes:
● Gain practical experience in
sociolinguistic research methods, data
collection, and analysis
● Develop critical thinking skills by
interpreting and contextualizing code-
switching patterns
● Enhance presentation and
communication skills through sharing
research with peers
47. Conclusion
● Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System. This
planet’s name has nothing to do with the liquid metal, since Mercury was named after the
Roman messenger god
● Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot, even
hotter than Mercury, and its atmosphere is extremely poisonous. It’s the second-brightest
natural object in the night sky after the Moon
● Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only one that harbors life in the Solar
System. All humans live on this planet
● Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System. It’s the fourth-brightest
object in the night sky. It was named after the Roman god of the skies and lightning
48. Anna Harris
Sofia Hill
Our team
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You can speak a bit about
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“Despite being red,
Mars is actually a
very cold place”
“Mercury is the
smallest planet in
the Solar System”
“Neptune is the
farthest planet from
the Sun”
“Saturn is a gas
giant and has
several rings”
“Venus is the
second planet from
the Sun and is
terribly hot”
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71. “Despite being red,
Mars is actually a
very cold place”
“Jupiter is the
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entire Solar System”
“Saturn is a gas
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several rings”
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“Mercury is the
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