overall view of foundation

1. TYPES OF FOUNDATION
Prepared by
B.Gowtham AP/Civil
SREC,Coimbatore

3. Open/shallow foundation
Foundation in which the depth is equal to or
less than its width is called Open foundation.
D < B
Deep foundation
Foundation in which the depth is greater than
its width is called Deep foundation.
D >B

4. Spread footing
• Wall footing
• Isolated footing
• Combined footing
• Continuous footing

5. Spread footing
• Spread footing is used to distribute/spread load
to the larger area.
• It is adopted for ordinary buildings largely and
it is the cheapest type of foundation.

6. Wall footing

8. Isolated or Column footing

9. Combined footing
This type of footing is adopted when the space
between two columns is so small that the foundation
for individual columns will overlap.

10. Continuous footing

11. Mat /Raft Footing

15. Pile foundation
A pile is a RCC, Steel or timber column
member driven in to ground to a suitable depth
to transfer the load on it to a deeper and harder
layers of the soil or rock

17. Classification of Piles based on function
• End bearing Piles
• Friction piles
• Under-reamed piles

18. Load Bearing Pile

19. Load Bearing Pile

20. Friction Piles

21. Under-reamed pile
Used in expansive clay, where differential settlement
takes place due to alternate swelling and shrinking of
soil due to the changes in moisture content.
Differential settlement can be avoided by anchoring
the structure to a depth where the volumetric change
of soil due to seasonal variation is negligible.

24. Thank you