1) The document reports on the status of groundnut breeding research in Tanzania conducted by the Naliendele research team between 2011-2012. 2) Key activities included evaluating over 300 genotypes for rust and rosette resistance, advancing breeding crosses to introgress resistance to diseases and drought, and conducting on-station and on-farm trials of new varieties. 3) Challenges faced by the research team included delays in completing an irrigation system, inadequate computer and transport resources, and a lack of support for agro-processing activities in growing regions.

1. TL-I Groundnut Breeding Status
Report, Tanzania – May 2012
O.Mponda, E. Monyo, E. Kafiriti, J. Mfaume, H. Daudi, P. Mashamba
Presented at Annual Meeting - Tropical Legumes I-
Phase 2 Generation Challenge Programme 7-11
May 2012, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2. Research Team at Naliendele, Tanzania
• Dr. O. Mponda –Principal Collaborator, Lead Scientist and Zonal Res Coord
• Dr. Elly Kafiriti – Agronomist and Zonal Director
• Philipo Mashamba – MSc student under TL1
• Juma Mfaume – Breeder ( MSc TL-II support)
• Happy Daudi – MSc student under COSTECH – Government support
• Athanas Minja – MSc student under McKnight CCRP Support
• Joseph Nzunda – Agronomist (BSc)
• Joane Kasuga – PAFO - Pathology
• Charles Mkandawile – PAFO - Breeding
• David Ndolelwa – AFO – Breeding
• Support staff
• Masud Rashid - Driver
• Collaborators – Sister NARS Ukiriguru, Tumbi, Selian, Makutopora
• District Councils – Extension officers and farmers

3. Oilseeds and Grain Legumes Research
Programme/Projects activities – NARI Tanzania
• Phase II-Tropical Legumes I – Groundnut Molecular Breeding
• Phase II-Tropical legumes II – Groundnut Breeding and seed
systems project.
• Phase II Mcknight CCRP Groundnut Breeding and aflatoxin
project TZ and MW
– Innovative Communication Media and Methods – ICMM Project TZ
and MW
• Mcknight CCRP Bambara Research Project TZ,MW and MZ
• African Dry land Alliance for Plant Pesticides Technologies
(ADAPPT)- 8 countries in Africa
• EU 9th EDF- funded ICART –SADC Sesame Project

4. Groundnut Research History in
Tanzania
• Groundnut research in Tanzania was started in early
1950s, at Nachingwea and Kongwa to support the then
Overseas Food Corporation (OFC) groundnut scheme
after WWII
• Groundnut scheme failed in late 1950s and at
Nachingwea added crop research on soybean, sesame
• After independence in 1961 to 1970s research on
groundnuts lacked cohesion
• In 1978 Oilseeds research Project was started and
included groundnuts, sesame and sunflower.
• 11 varieties of groundnuts have been released to date

5. Groundnut producing regions in
Tanzania

6. Groundnuts Production-Tanzania
Cropped Production Av.
Area (2008- (2008-10 Yield (2008- Potential Realizable Yield Gap
10 avg) avg) 10 avg) (A) yield (B) Yield (C) (C-A)
million
million ha tonnes Kg/Ha Kg/Ha Kg/Ha Kg/Ha
0.54 0.39 721.38 3,000 1500 778.62

7. Groundnuts Crop yields kg/ha (FAOSTAT 2009)
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008

8. Key constraints
Constraint Groundnuts
Abiotic Drought, poor soil fertility, poor agronomic
practices
Biotic Rosette , rust , Early Leaf Spots, Late Leaf Spots,
Groundnut hopper – Hilda patruelis
Socio-Econ Seed availability, Aflatoxin contamination,
Inadequate value addition and agro-processing
activities ,
Inadequate extension officers for
groundnuts/legumes

9. TLI Groundnut Breeding visitors
Tanzania 2011-12
• International
• Dr Xavier Delannay visited Naliendele in Dec 2011 to follow up irrigation
system and held discussion with Agro-Rain Contractors.
• Dr. E. Monyo visited Naliendele in December 2011and February 2012
• Dr. Hannibal Muhtar AGRICON International Inc. visited Naliendele on 25-
28 March 2012 to follow-up irrigation system
• National Government Officials
• Permanent Secretary Ministry of Agriculture
• Director of research and Development MAFSC
• COSTECH Supporting funds for seed production 10 block – BOQ in and
tendering progress
• M and E Team from the Ministry
• Media TBC

10. TLI trials 2011-12
Trial Sites
Rust phenotyping Naliendele
trial
phenotyping for Naliendele
rosette
PVS trials TLI limked to Southern – Masasi and
TL-II (ELS, Rust, Rosette Nanyumbu

12. Data sets
• Phenotyping for rust – at the station
• Phenotyping for rosettes – at the station
• On-station PVS – 3 sets at 2 sites:
Status
• The trials planted in February they are maturity but not harvested.
• Disease score data completed 3 times
• Next Analysis of disease score data
• 2 years data will now be available from which we can conclude.
• On-farm PVS – status
• Disease score data collected
• Some entries showing evidence of resistance
• Resistance Vs pod/kernel size – market traits

13. New sources of resistance from
Reference under PVS
• Rust: ICGV 02194, ICG 11426, ICGV
01276, ICGV 02286, and ICG 02446
• Rosette: ICG 14705, ICG 13099, ICG 9449, and
ICG 15405
• ELS in ESA; ICG 6022, ICG 405, ICG 14466, ICG
6057, ICG 9449 and ICG 12509

14. Galaxy tablet - Comments
• Positive-You spend less time to organize data
before analysis
• Negative - It has no simple way of making
back- up in the field e.g. use of flash drive.
• Add comments: There are a lot of third part
applications such us internet, but there not
configured, thus able to access internet.
• Recommended for use

15. IB Field Books
• Still at learning stage
• Need more trainings

16. TL-I Infrastructure development/upgrading skills
Irrigation system:
Electric Power line to the breeding
plot and then to the borehole.
The Tanzania Government will
support expansion of irrigation area -
10 for Breeder seed multiplication –
BOQ and tendering in progress
MSc.training - Mashamba Philipo - MSc
SUA since Sept 2011
2 Techn will receive training in Data quality
by June 2012
Juma Mfaume trained in statistics
by April 2012
Equipments: Portable weather station,
Leaf area meter, Spad Meter, screen house
Work area renovation, fridges, digital camera,
Laptop computer

18. Achievements
 40 crosses introgressing • Release new 5 vars in 2009
new sources of, rust and and identified new sources of
GRD, drought resistance
2010/11 resistance to foliar diseases,
 28 crosses made
introgressing drought and • Researchers and technicians
aflatoxin resistance 2011-12 trained -Viable succession plan
 F1 from these crosses are built within the programme
being advanced F2 …
 300 genotypes Reference • Program activities executed
set evaluated for rust and (2 efficiently and timely – no
years data)
delays in fund disbursements
 F4 SPS 2010 Reference
collection evaluated
rosette • Irrigation system coming to
 132 varieties evaluated for completion
yield and adaptability and
farmer market traits (18 sets
of trials)

19. Challenges
• Irrigation system delays- General
now being finalized • Inadequate support for
• Inadequate computers- value addition and agro-
Old computers, processing activities in
• Inadequate transport – the groundnut growing
Only McKnight CCRP regions – Demand Pull
vehicle in use. • Inadequate extension
• Inadequate research officers for
funds groundnuts/legumes

20. Acknowledgements
• We greatly acknowledge TL-I GCP and ICRISAT
for their support

21. Thank you