More Related Content Similar to France lesson 1 Similar to France lesson 1 (20) More from FedericaZanghirella More from FedericaZanghirella (11) 13. • Château Lafite Rothschild – Pauillac
• Château Latour – Pauillac
• Château Mouton Rothschild - Pauillac (second cru en 1855, promu en premier
cru en 1973)
• Château Margaux – Margaux
• Château Haut-Brion - Pessac-Léognan (Graves until 1986, Then Pessac-Léognan)
1ER CRU CLASSÉ
18. GRAVES OF MEDOC.
PESSAC LEOGNAN
THERE IS NO
NUTRIENTS ON THE
SOIL SURFACE, SO
THE ROOTS HAVE
TO GO DEEP TO GET
WATER STREAMS
AND MINERALS
19. HARD SAND
GRAVEL AND CLAY
CLAY
GRAINED SAND
GRAVEL AND CLAY
GRAINED SAND
CLAY
WATER
MT
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
MĂ©doc, Graves, Sauternes
31. In the Botrytis infection known as "noble rot" (pourriture noble in French, or Edelfäule in
German), the fungus removes water from the grapes, leaving behind a higher percent of
solids, such as sugars, fruit acids and minerals. This results in a more intense,
concentrated final product. The wine is often said to have an aroma of honeysuckle and
a bitter finish on the palate.
A distinct fermentation process initially caused by nature, the combination of geology,
climate and specific weather led to the particular balance of beneficial fungus while
leaving enough of the grape intact for harvesting. The Chateau d'Yquem is the only
Premier Cru Supérieur, largely due to the vineyard's susceptibility to noble rot.
Botrytis cinerea
32. Botrytis complicates winemaking by making fermentation more complex. Botrytis
produces an anti-fungal that kills yeast and often results in fermentation stopping before
the wine has accumulated sufficient levels of alcohol[citation needed]. Makers of fine
German dessert wines have been known to take fermenting tubs of wine into their
homes to nurture the yeast through the night to assure that the alcohol level reaches
legal minimums for the product to be called wine.
Botrytis bunch rot is another condition of grapes caused by Botrytis cinerea that causes
great losses for the wine industry. It is always present on the fruitset, however, it
requires a wound to start a bunch rot infection. Wounds can come from insects, wind,
accidental damage, etc. To control botrytis bunch rot there are several fungicides
available on the market. Generally, these should be applied at bloom, bunch closure
and veraison (the most important being the bloom application). Some winemakers are
known to use the German method of fermentation and prefer having a 5% bunch rot
rate in their grapes and will usually hold the grapes on the vine a week longer than
normal.
37. VERY PALE. FLORAL, AROMAS OF
WHITE FLOWERS, GRAPEFRUIT AND
CITRUS, FRESH
PETILLANT DUE TO THE CO2
NATURAL BOTTLED FERMENTED
WITH GRAPE SUGARS
“SUR LIE”
MUSCADET
54. GRENACHE
WINES WITH A LOT OF ALCOHOL, RED-
BROWN COLOUR –”mordorè”-
MAHOGANY
FAST OXIDATION “RANCIO”, GOOD FOR
“V.D.N.”
FOR COMPLEX WINES, BLENDED WITH:
SYRAH (FINESSE), MOURVEDRE,
CINSAULT (BODY) AND PICPOUL
(SMOOTHNESS)
56. Appellation Vignoble Whites Red/Rose Sparkling Total
AOC - VDN - Vin effervescent hectare hectolitre hectolitre hectolitre hectolitre hl / ha
Blanquette de Limoux 27 670 --- --- 33 490 33 790
Limoux méthode ancestrale 28 156 --- --- 6 412 6 412
Crémant de Limoux 29 482 --- --- 25 622 25 622
Limoux 30 156 3 487 2 925 --- 6 412
Cabardès 31 383 --- 17 345 --- 17 345
Corbières 32 13 034 10 220 549 780 --- 560 000
Corbières-boutenac 33 1 429 --- 5 117 --- 5 117
Languedoc 34 9 661 63 243 333 167 --- 396 410
Fitou 35 2 562 --- 93 463 --- 93 463
Minervois 36 4 289 4 000 166 000 --- 170 000
Minervois-la-livinière 37 2 600 --- 7 000 --- 7 000
Malepère 38 461 --- 19 964 --- 19 964
Muscat de Frontignan 39 200 5 000 --- --- 5 000
Muscat de Mireval 40 288 6 856 --- --- 6 856
Muscat de Saint-Jean-de-Minervois 41 188 5 365 --- --- 5 365
Muscat de Lunel 42 357 8 209 --- --- 8 209
57. Languedoc Vignoble Blanc Rosé Rouge
AOC - rouge - rosé - blanc hectare hectolitreHectolitre hectolitre
Cabrières 60 3 6000 --- --- 3 600 ---
Clairette du Languedoc 60 3 6000 --- --- 3 600 ---
Faugères 1 904 802 72 311 --- 73 113 ---
Grès-de-montpellier --- --- --- --- --- ---
La-clape --- --- --- --- --- ---
La MĂ©janelle --- --- --- --- --- ---
Montpeyroux --- --- --- --- --- ---
PĂ©zenas --- --- --- --- --- ---
Picpoul de Pinet --- --- --- --- --- ---
Pic-saint-loup --- --- --- --- --- ---
Quatourze 3 129 1 365 124129 --- 125 494 ---
Saint-chinian 3 129 1 365 124129 --- 125 494 ---
Saint-christol --- --- --- --- --- ---
Saint-drézéry --- --- --- --- --- ---
Saint-georges-d'orques --- --- --- --- --- ---
Saint-saturnin --- --- --- --- --- ---
Terrasses-du-larzac --- --- --- --- --- ---
Sommières --- --- --- --- --- ---
VĂ©rargues --- --- --- --- --- ---
58. Type de vin DĂ©nomination SuperfĂcie(hectares) Volume(hectolitres)
Vin de table 1 657 93 566
IGP CĂ´tes-catalanes 6 833 407 557
CĂ´te-vermeille 5 328
Pyrénées-orientales 425 24 061
AOC Collioure 558 18 745
CĂ´tes-du-roussillon 5.910 231.924
CĂ´tes-du-roussillon Les Aspres 56 1.596
CĂ´tes-du-roussillon villages 1.577 51.109
CĂ´tes-du-roussillon villages Caramany 117 4.252
CĂ´tes-du-roussillon villages Lesquerde 54 2.226
CĂ´tes-du-roussillon villages Tautavel 261 10.219
CĂ´tes-du-roussillon villages Latour-de-France 158 4.784
VDN Banyuls 1.016 19.611
Banyuls grand cru 232 4.001
Grand Roussillon 1.120 30.622
Maury 608 12.752
Muscat de Rivesaltes 5 936 119.830
Rivesaltes 4.891 96.439
AOC ROUSILLON
59. VDN “Vin doux Naturel”
Made with “mutage”
Fermentation is stopped with
alcohol 92°
60. VDN “Vin doux Naturel”
Muscat blanc Ă petits grains
Muscat d’Alessandria
Grenache Blanc e Gris
Grenache Noir
61. VDN “Vin doux Naturel”
Muscat de Rivesaltes Aoc
Muscat de Frontignan Aoc
Banyuls Aoc
Maury Aoc
62. VDN “Vin doux Naturel”
White
Muscat de Rivesaltes Aoc
Muscat de Frontignan Aoc
Muscat del Lunel Aoc
Muscat St-Jean-Minervoise
64. MUSCAT
AROMATIC GRAPES, OK FOR
NATURAL SWEET WINES AND
FORTIFIED.
STILL AND SPARKLING TOO
ORANGE BLOSSOM AROMAS,
ROSES, DRIED ORANGE,
SAFFRON
69. MAURY AGING
GRENACHE NOIR
(50% MIN) GRENACHE
GRIS E BLANC,
MACABEU.
AGED 12-30 MONTHS,
15% ALCOHOL AND
54-125 GRAMS OF
RESIDUAL SUGARS
CASSIS &
BLACKBERRY,
CHOCOLATE
