This document provides information on verb tenses, specifically the simple present and present progressive tenses in English. It outlines the forms, usage, and meaning of these tenses. Key points include: - The simple present is used for habitual or repeated actions, general truths, and scheduled future events. It is also used with stative verbs. - The present progressive expresses ongoing or temporary actions happening at or around the time of speaking. It is used to describe changing situations or arrangements. - Examples are given to illustrate the differences between the simple present and present progressive and their typical uses. Spelling rules for forming the '-ing' verb form in the present progressive are also covered. Exercises are provided for practice.

1. Verb Tenses:
simple present & present progressive

2. The form of the simple present
Affirmative Statements
Singular She always works here.
Plural They live in Mexico.

3. Negative
Statements
Singular She does not work
here.
Plural They do not live in
Mexico.

4. Make negative sentences.
1. My father makes breakfast. →
2. They are eleven. →
3. She writes a letter. →
4. I speak Italian. →
5. Danny phones his father on Sundays. →

5. Yes/no questions
Singular Does she work here?
Plural Do they live in Mexico?
Short Answers
Singular Yes, she does.
Plural Yes, they do.
Singular No, she does not.
Plural No, they do not.

6. Wh-questions
Singular Why does she work so hard?
Plural Where do they live?

7. Make questions.
1. you / to speak / English →
2. when / he / to go / home →
3. they / to clean / the bathroom →
4. where / she / to ride / her bike →
5. Billy / to work / in the supermarket →

8. Spelling rules: Third-Person Singular (he,she,it)
1. Add –s for most verbs.
work works
buy buys
ride rides

9. 2. Add –es for verbs that end in -ch, -s, -sh, -x,
or –z
watch watches
pass passes
rush rushes

10. 3. Change the –y to i and add –es when the
base form ends in a consonant + y
study studies
hurry hurries
dry dries

11. 4. Do not change the y when the base form
ends in a vowel + y. Add –s
play plays
enjoy enjoys

12. 5. A few verbs are irregular.
be is
do does
go goes
have has

13. We know how to make the simple present
but do we know how to use it?

14. 1. The simple present expresses events or
situations that exist always, usually, habitually;
they exist now, have existed in the past, and
probably will exist in the future.
He plays golf every day.
He walks to school every morning.

15. 2. General statements of facts and truths.
The sun rises every morning.

16. 3. Expresses future time ( when a scheduled
event is involved, usually used with a future time
word or a phrase.
Roberto leaves for Columbia newt week.
I have a meeting next Wednesday.

17. 4. Verbs not used in progressive forms p. 16
(nonaction/stative verbs):
I love to read.

18. Stative verbs: not used in a continuous tense, usually talk about a
state not an action. P.16
Mental state: know, realize, understand, recognize, remember.
I know your cousin.
Wants: need, want
I need to have a car.
Appearance: look, seem
She looks nice.
Opinions: My friend makes excellent coffee.
sense perceptions (smell, taste, feel, hear): This coffee tastes bitter.
Emotions (love, prefer, fear, dislike):I hate bitter coffee.
Possession(possess, own, have): This cup belongs to the
secretary.

19. Some verbs can be stative/action verb depending
on their meaning: think/taste
I think your cousin is very nice. ‘believe’
I am thinking about my trip to Rome. ‘thoughts
are going in my head right now’
The soup tastes salty. ‘flavor’
The chef is tasting the soup. ‘the action of tasting’

20. activity
• Ex. 7 p. 16
• Ex. 8 p.17
• Ex. 9 p.18

21. 5. The first and the zero conditionals:
Zero conditional: If you heat water to 100 degrees, it
boils.
First conditional: If it rains, I will not come.

22. 6. We also use it to talk about the future after
words like ' 'when', 'until', 'after', 'before' and 'as
soon as' in a future sentence:
I'm going to make dinner after I watch the
news.
I'll give you the book before you go.

23. Adverbs of frequency and adverb phrases that
usually accompany the simple present:
Sometimes, always, never, usually, every day, every
week, often, frequently, rarely, seldom, casually,
(two) times a day. (once) a ( year).

24. Present progressive (continuous)

25. form
It is made from (be) + present participle.
The students are sitting at their desks right
now.

26. The form of the simple present
Affirmative Statements
Singular She is working here today.
Plural Now, they are living in Mexico.

27. Put the verbs into present progressive.
1. My sister (clean) …….. the bathroom.
2. Look! They (go) …….. inside.
3. I (wait) …….. in the car now.
4. Mrs Miller ( listen) …….. to CDs.
5. We (speak) …….. English at the moment.

28. Negative Statements
Singular She is not working here.
Plural They are not living in
Mexico now.

29. Rewrite the sentences using the negative forms.
1. We are playing a game.
2. I'm drawing a picture.
3. He is making pizza right now.
4. Susan and her brother are taking photos.
5. Dad is working in the kitchen.

30. Yes/no questions
Singular Is she working here now?
Plural Are they living in Mexico now?
Short Answers
Singular Yes, she is.
Plural Yes, they are.
Singular No, she is not.
Plural No, they are not.

31. Wh-questions
Singular Why is she working so hard?
Plural Where are they living these days?

32. Meaning & Usage
1. We use the present progressive when we talk about
something which is happening at the time of
speaking.
Please do not make a noise. I am studying.
Where is Mariam? She is having a bath.

33. 2. We also use the present progressive when we talk about
something which is happening around the time of speaking,
but not necessarily exactly at the time of speaking (ongoing
activity):
I am reading an interesting book at the moment.

34. 3. We often use the present progressive when we talk
about a period around the present. For example:
today, this season.
Tom is not playing football this season.

35. 4. We use the present progressive when we talk about
changing situations:
The population of the world is rising very fast.
Is your English getting better?
She is becoming more and more like her
mother.

36. 5. Temporary activity
I am studying geology at the University of
Colorado.

37. 6. Emotional comment on present habit (usually co-
occurring with frequency adverbs always or forever)
Mary is always leaving her dirty laundry on
the floor for me to pick up!
I am always/forever/constantly picking up
Mary’s dirty laundry!

38. 7. We also use it to express an arranged future
She is leaving to England tomorrow.
He is returning home next Friday.

39. Spelling Rules
• add "-ing" to the base form of the verb.
read reading
stand standing
• when a verb ends in a silent", drop the "e" and add "-ing".
leave leaving
take taking

40. • In a one-syllable verbs, if the last three letters are a
consonant + vowel + consonant combination
(CVC), double the final consonant and add "-ing".
sit sitting
plan planning

41. • Do not double the last consonant in words that end
on –w, -x, or –y.
Sew sewing
Fix fixing
Play playing

42. • Do not double the consonant of words with more than
one syllable if the stress is not on the final syllable.
"remember" has three syllables -- remémber -- and the
stress is on the second syllable. Therefore do not add
another consonant -- "remembering".
admit/whisper

43. •If a verb ends in –ie, change the ie to y before
adding –ing
die dying

44. Ex. 17 p. 11

45. Simple present versus present progressive
The simple present The present progressive
Habits
Why do you wear glasses?
Actions happening at the
moment of speaking.
Why are you wearing glasses?
Permanent situation
Linda lives with her parents.
Temporary situation
Linda is living with her parents.
General situation
What do you do for Eid?
Specific event
What are you doing for Eid?
State
I think it is 144.
Activity
I am thinking about the answer.

46. •He is living in Paris
•He lives in Paris.
[Compare the meaning of these
sentences].

47. • Right now, he is wanting to go home early
[Underline and correct the error].

48. Exercise 4 p.15
Exercise 10 p. 18

49. Circle the letter of the correct word(s) to
complete each sentence.
•It ……… from La mer, the French word for sea.
was coming
comes
is coming

50. •We ……… our third child now.
are expecting
expected
were expecting

51. Homework
• Ex. 11. p. 19

52. For extra practice
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpre-
prepro/tests?test1