New teaser of OGRES energy storage technology

1. Who we are?
Sink Float Solutions is a European company, created in 2014 by Christophe Stevens, inventor,
in order to promote the development of a new energy storage system (OGRES) to solve the
intermittency problem or renewable energies with an economically viable cost.
Since 2013, several persons were involved in the project and contributed to increase its
maturity (technical experts and funding). After several years of research, conceptualization
and patents applications, the technology is ready for a demonstration.
Ocean Gravitational
Energy Storage (OGRES)
Why is it important to reduce the cost of energy storage?
In 2015, several storage solutions exist, but they are still too expensive to be combined to large
scale wind or solar farms. For that reason, when there is no wind or no sun, the electricity
consumer is usually served by thermal power stations.
Those power plants usually burn fossil fuels (gas, coal), and then the development of
renewable energies contribute to global warming.
Why the conventional storage solutions are and will remain expensive?
Conventional storage solutions tackle economical
and technological barriers.
The cost of batteries depend on the cost of raw
materials (lead, lithium, etc), and their life time is
limited (3 to 10 years). The cost of pumped-
storage hydroelectricity, depend of the
topographic environment, and the best locations
are already installed. The other solutions are
even more expensive (flywheel, compressed air,
hydrogen, capacitors)
Those economical barriers can be demonstrated
by using physical and chemical laws.
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2. The OGRES energy storage technology solves the intermittency issue
of wind and solar farms at an unbeatable price.
We offer a solution 5 to 20 times cheaper than the most competitive conventional
storage systems (batteries and pumped-storage hydroelectricity).
This technology works like a big battery, settled near the cosat line and connected to the
grid with a submarine electric cable.
Simplicity: our technology uses the gravitational potential energy by using important
elevation differences between the sea surface and the seabed.
During the reloading phase, the system raises concrete weights one by one with a simple
lifting hoist cable device with an electric motor on a barge. And during the energy production
stage, the system descends the weights one by one and run an electric generator.
The system is reloaded, the weights hang
near the sea surface.
The system is unloaded, the weights are
on the seabed.
Generator mode,
When there is no wind,
the system releases the
weights and produces
electricity for the
consumer.
Motor mode,
When there is a lot of
wind, the excess of
electricity is used to
reload the system, the
hoist raises the weights
one by one.
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3. By taking into account the floats, the anchoring cables, the barge, the hoist lifting system
with a 13,000 feet cable, the control system and the submarine power cable, the total
investment cost will vary from $ 30 to $ 90 /kWh depending on the location (distance to
shore, depth), storage time (quantity of weight for each barge), and the maturity level of
the system (prototype vs. Industrial development).
A solution robust, easy and fast to implement because using well known
components already existing (industrial maturity for many decades). The suppliers can offer
a warranty (10 to 20 years lifespan). The material availability is unlimited and generate poor
contamination: mainly steel cables, cement, iron, reinforced concrete and 10 kg of PVC for
each ton of floating capacity, which correspond lifting bag high quality standard required
notably by oil and gas offshore industry.
An economical advantage easy
to demonstrate:
Like pumped storage hydroelectricity
(PSH), our system uses the
gravitational potential energy, but
instead of transferring water between
two reservoirs with an average
elevation difference of 600 feet, we
propose to transfer solid weights
(concrete) by using 6,000 to 25,000
feet elevation differences (available in
the Ocean).
By using such elevation differences, it
is possible to store the same quantity
of energy in one ton of concrete than
in one ton of battery.
Example: With 13,000 feet depth (which is the average depth of the sea), it is possible to
store 10 kWh with one ton of concrete (less than $ 100). This figure can be easily
demonstrated with the potential energy formula (Epot = MxGxH). By comparison, the most
competitive battery (Tesla) will be sold for $ 3500 for the same energy storage capacity.
In other words, for 10 kWh of storage capacity, the concrete weight will be 30 times
cheaper and with a lifespan at least 2 times higher.
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600 feet
12,000 feet
Turbine
pump

4. Viable also for small scale barges: Despite some fixed cost respect to power (submarine power
cable implementation and ROV operations), our system is economicaly viable from 1 to 10 MW
according to location characteristics. In the most favorable situation, it is equivalent of a diesel
generator. In the worst situation (distance > 250 km) our system is competitive for power higher
than 20 MW. est compétitif pour des puissances de 20 MW et au delà, which is much lower than a
thermal power plant (gas, coal).
Assumption: The cost include investment, lifespan, O&M. Wind: investment ) 1 million dollar / MWp,
capacity factor 25%, Storage: capacity 24 hours, barge power = 0,7x nameplate wind farm power,
energy losses due to storage = 20%, barge investment = 0,5 million dollar / MWp, weights = 30
$/kWh and 10 years lifetime, O&M < 5% capital/yr. Submarine electric cable: investment = 160
k$/mile + 5 k$/mile/MW.
150 miles
10 miles
4 MWp = 2 wind turbines
This example shows that our storage system, combined with wind turbine farms can serve the
consumer with a competitive price, and without using the public grid, including for
small markets (2 wind turbines for 1,000 inhabitants), and for important distances between
the wind farme and the storage barges. Islands simulations show even more competitive
situation (for examble: Hawaii, Reunion island, Dominican Republic, etc.)
Source: Google Earth
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Depth: 6,000
to 12,000 feet
Levelized
cost ($/MWh)
Distance: 10 to 150 mile
Electricity
market
price in
France

5. Total flexibility
The ratio capacity/power (MWh/MW) can be adapted to every need: from 3 hours (nuclear
power) to 12 hours (solar) and to 24, 48 hours (wind turbines). The « power » components
(the barge, MW) and the «energy storage capacity » (the weights, MWh) are completely
separated. .The number of weights for each barge, can be adapted to each situation and even
be modified after the first investment. The system can also be sold and relocated somewhere
else to adapt to the market evolutions, because the transport cost (towing) and electric cable
implementation are low.
The deployment potential is unlimited, unless the eligible sites for pumped-storage
hydroelectricity.
An outstanding energy efficiency (70 to 90%), because the energy losses are low
(hydrodynamic friction due to the vertical movement of weights) => 3 to 15 miles/hour.
Many technical solutions will make possible to operate the system even with
rough sea conditions and without increasing the costs.
The weights hanging and releasing operations
can be done by using smooth lanyards* for each
phase: generator/motor mode and up/down
storage position.
This allows to use ROV (conventional
submarine robot), also for hundreds of tons
weights.
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* Lanyard = smooth lifting accessory.

6. The economical performance presented in this document, was calculated for low power
barge (1 MWp) and small weights (50 tons). Important scale economies are possible by using
bigger weights and barge because their wind and flow exposure (surface) increase slower
than the storage capacity (volume).
Important economies can also be done by accepting operating rates below 100%, for
example, when the weather conditions are exceptional. In such situations, backup should be
available in order to supply the consumer. Diesel generators with a low capacity factor (1 to
5%) can be used with a very small economical and environmental impact. An economical
calculation could be done for each situation.
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WIND
FLOW
50 tons
50 m3
5
mph
In upper position, the weights and their main floats are stored several tens of meters
beneath the sea surface. At such a depth, the current flow generated by the wind is strongly
reduced. Thus it is possible to reduce the cost of anchoring cable for which length
(proportional to depth) is expensive.
Upper storage position
12,000 feet
18,000 feet
Lower storage position
Seabed

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The main float will follow the weights during
the descent phase, in order to avoid to rise
on the surface and be in contact with the
wind and the surface current flow. Its volume
(and then its floating capacity) will decrease
expontentially with the depth, with the
pressure increasing.
Pression x Volume = Constant
40 meters: 72 Psi => 50 m3 (100%)
400 meters: 495 Psi => 6 m3 (12%)
4000 meters: 5800 Psi => 0,1 m3 (1%)
With 4000 meters depth, and a 8 km/h
speed (5mph), a 50 tons weight can generate
or absorb 1 MegaWatt of power during 30
minutes. Each weight of 50 tons can store
500 kWh of energy.
Halfway, (after 15 minutes) the two hooks will cross, and guide
systems including conventional submarine robotics will avoid
giratory movements and improve the accuracy of the
dropping/hanging operations.
Numerous variants, not presented in this document, will ease
the control of horizontal and vertical weights movements, the
position of the barge, will improve the hydrodynamic design by
reducing the cost and improving the lifespan, Automation et
each phase, maintenance cost improvements, ensure a constant
or variable power as a function of the need in real time.
For more information
 Video
 Website: www.sinkfloatsolutions.com
Depth
- 40 m
Depth
- 40 m
- 120 m - 120 m
Depth
-2000 m
(6,000 feet)

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Billions dollars markets
Despite their high cost (> 200 $/kWh), their poor energy efficiency (65 to 70%) et their
environmental impact, pumped-storage hydroelectricity (PSH) is the only solution to have
been developed on an industrial scale for transmission system grid. More than 120 GWe PSH
were implemented in the world (tens of billions of dollars investment), often for being
combined to nuclear power plants. However their cost remain too high for them to be
developed together with renewable intermitent energies (solar and wind) because those
require much more than 3 hours of storage capacity.
The huge cost reduction of our storage system make 100% renewable energy mixes can be
competitive in numerous markets.
The market share will not be taken only on other conventional storage solutions (PHS,
batteries), but also on thermal power plants (coal, gas).
Example for a 100 MWp wind turbine farm
For a 100 MWp wind turbine farm, with a 25% capacity factor (220 GWh/year) and with a 24
hours storage capacity, and a storage (barge) power equivalent to 70% of the nameplate wind
farm, 70 MW of barge and 600 MWh of weights would be necessary, which represent a 75
millions dollars turnover for the storage solution (barge and weights) and 120 millions dollars
for the wind turbines.
Example for the german market
In 2014, in the world, 140 Gwe of renewable new capacities were implemented, which
represent 400 MW every day. In a country like Germany (less than 3% of electricity world
market), where renewable share of electricity mix is reaching a critical point regarding the
intermittency challenge, le development of OGRES storage technology would generate a 7
billions dollars turnover every year.
Germany

9. Stage 1 : To guarantee an exclusivity to our future sharehoder
Since 2014, several patent were applied for regarding all variants allowing to use the
principle of OGRES. The first conclusions of the search reports confirm the results of our
anteriority studies, by considering as new all the claims. Complementary patent applications
were carried out regarding technical solutions allowing to improve the costs.
Stage 2: To provide proofs to our future customers.
Because of the huge cost reduction by comparison with conventional solutions and despite
the simplicity of OGRES, it is essential to do a demonstration. The next step is ongoing:
Assembling a full prototype big enough to validate performance criteria with 2 main
objectives:
1) Cost validation: Components and assembly (proof = invoices)
2) Working validation: including with rough sea conditions.
(proof = video of several cycles with incrasing rough sea conditions and performance
records: weight changing dead time, energy efficiency, mechanical constraints, etc)
Stage 3: energy transition acceleration
OGRES technology marketing can be done by selling patent rights and/or royalties on
geographic perimeters and/or project wind/solar farms. Or by delivering turnkey solutions
(barges, weights) to customer.
The industrialization stage can be fast because all components are standards and can be
manufactured by existing industrial plants. Assembly can be done by shipbuliding facilities
in many places. Each component (gear reducer, motor/generator, ROV, lifting bags and
other floating omponents, polyester or steel cables, etc) are available on brochure by many
suppliers and offer an important reliability since they are used for many decades.
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In order to validate the operations in rough
sea conditions, the prototypes will have a
minimal size but will make possible to
overcome scale extrapolation calculation
and thus ease the proof understanding.
Complementary trials will be carried out
with high capacity lanyards and rental
material (high capacity barges, heavy duty
conventional ROV’s) in order to validate the
critical functions with high capacity scale (>
50 MWe/barge) and by using standard
components certified for the grid.
The project

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Christophe STEVENS, CEO
Email: christophe.stevens@sinkfloatsolutions.com
Franz SANCHEZ C, CFO
Email: franz.sanchez@sinkfloatsolutions.com
Pour plus d’information, n’hésitez pas à nous joindre
directement par email.
Merci pour votre attention.
For more information, you can contact us by email.
Thank you for your attention.
Website: www. sinkfloatsolutions.com