This document summarizes the process of road drainage construction on a site in Panchsheel Road near AVVNL to Reliance Market. It discusses the materials used, including cement, sand, aggregates and reinforcement. It outlines the steps taken, including excavation, compaction and layout. It describes the purposes of road drainage and different drainage techniques. It provides details on concrete mixes and pouring, shuttering, honeycombing, and reinforcement for elements like raft drain, wall drain and drain slab. Safety requirements and machines used on site are also mentioned.

1. “
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GOVERNMENTPOLYTECHNICCOLLEGE,AJMER
DEPARTMENTOF CIVILENGINEERING
SESSION: 2021-2022
ROAD DRAINGE
Submitted By:- ThirdYear Civil Submitted To:-
Durgesh Kumar Sahu Engineering Dr.SunilKumarJain.
Lovenish sankhla H.O.D (Civil Engineering Department)

2. Contents:-
 Materials
 About this site project
 Steps for starting drainage construction
 Purpose of road drainage
 Drainage
 Plane cement concrete
 Reinforcement for raft drain
 Pouring concrete for concrete pcc drain
 Concreating for raft drain
 Shuttering for wall drain
 Concreting for wall drain
 Honeycomb
 Opened shuttering looks drain walls
 Shuttering and reinforcement for drain slab
 Drain slab surface
 We have used these machines on this site
 Safety requirement
 conclusion

3. Drainage
 Drainage means the removal of excess water from a given places
DRAINAGE
1.SURFACE DRAINAGE: 2.SUB-SURFACE DRAINAGE:
A system in which road surface water is when the drain system drains water from the pavement
collected and disposed within the under which is collected and removed , It is called sub
roadway, it is called surface drainage. Surface drainage.

4. About this site project
 Site loc:- panchsheel road near (AVVNL to Reliance market)
Measurement of Drain :-
Drain depth:-1000mm
Drain slab length:-1000 mm
Slab thickness:- 100mm
Distances:- 1000m
Reinforcement=fe500(10mm)

5. Cement
 Mixture of calcium silicates and aluminum silicates and aluminum
ferrite
 It is give good compressive strength
 It have good setting time
 It is hygroscopic material
 We use as binding material

6. Sand
 Sand is a mixture of small grains of rock and granular materials which is
mainly defined by size, being finer than gravel and coarser than silt. And
ranging in size from 0.06 mm to 2 mm.
 Sand is made by erosion or broken pebbles and weathering of rocks, which is
carried by seas or rivers.

7. Aggregates
 Aggregates are coarse particulate rock-like material consisting of particles
ranging in size from <0.1 mm to >50mm. It includes gravel, crushed rock,
sand, recycled concrete, slag and synthetic aggregates.
 Aggregate are insert materials which are mixed with binding material such
as cement or lime for manufacturing of mortar or concrete.
 Aggregates are used as filler in mortar and concrete and also to reduce
their cost.

8. Reinforcement
 Reinforced concrete is one of the most widely used modern building
materials. Concrete is an ”artificial stone”
 It obtained by mixing cement, sand . And aggregate with water. Fresh
concrete can be moulded into almost any shape, giving it an advantage
over other materials.
 Steel reinforcement is available in the form of plain steel bars, cold-
drawn wire, welded wire
 þ500

9. Steps for starting drainage
construction
 Land Acquisition
 Land Clearance
 Excavation & Compaction
 Leveling
 Demarcation plan
 Layout , Shuttering

10. Purpose of road
drainage
 Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of a surface's water and sub- surface
water from an area with excess of water
 provision of an acceptable level of flood immunity and accessibility
 impact of flooding of public and private property
 It maintain the stability and durability of the road.

11. Plane cement concrete
Pcc:-he term PCC refers to Plain Cement Concrete. PCC is the
mixture of cement, fine aggregate (sand), and coarse aggregate
without reinforcement. PCC Concrete is spread on the soil surface
before concreting maid structure to avoid direct contact of
reinforcement of concrete with soil and water.

12. Reinforcement for raft drain
 Most concrete used for construction is a combination of concrete and
reinforcement that is called reinforced concrete.
 The purpose of reinforcement is to provide additional strength for concrete
where it is needed.
 The steel provides all the tensile strength where concrete is in tension, as in
beams and slabs; it supplements the compressive strength of concrete in
columns and walls; and it provides extra shear strength over and above that
of concrete in beams.

13. Pouring concrete for
concrete pcc drain
 In a concrete mixer, add the determined amount of water and
then the concrete mix. You can also mix this in a wheelbarrow
with a shovel. Use as little water as possible.
 Water makes the concrete more maneuverable but it also
weakens the constitution of the final product.
 A drier mix makes the concrete more crack resistant.
 In this we use mixer of m10(ratio:-1:3:6)

14. Concreating for raft drain
 Raft drain is actually a thick concrete slab resting on a large area of soil
reinforced with steel, supporting columns or walls and transfer loads from
the structure to the soil. Usually, mat foundation is spread over the entire
area of the structure it is supporting.
 In this we use mixer of m15(ratio:-1:2:4)

15. Shuttering for wall drain
 Shuttering is used as a temporary mould into which concrete is
poured to obtain the desired structural shape on the construction
site. Traditional shuttering is fabricated using timber, but it can also
be constructed from steel, glass fibre reinforced plastics, and other
materials
 In this shuttering we have used 100mm of thickness.

16. Concreting for wall drain
In this site we have use concrete m25 mix(ratio:-
1:1:2)

17. Honeycomb
 Honeycombs are hollow spaces and cavities left in
concrete mass on the surface or inside the mass where
concrete could not reach.
 These look like honey bees nest.
 Improper vibration and workability of concrete are main
causes of honeycombs in concrete.

18. Opened shuttering looks
drain walls

19. Shuttering and
reinforcement for drain slab
 In this site we have used iron rod dia 10 mm.
 In this site iron rod space 100mm.

20. Drain slab surface

21. We have used these machines on
this site
 Needle vibrator
 Batching plant
 JCB
 Mechanical pump

22. Safety requirement
 Need to wear helmet all the time.
 Proper fencing is done.
 First aid kit is available alone with safety engineers.

23. Conclusion
 Gained basic knowledge in the field of construction.
 Learnt wise use of available resources.
 Training has revamped my confidence.

24. Thank you……