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CHD Risk Factors 1. List all the controllable risk factors for coronary heart disease (i.e. smoking) AND explain why they are so dangerous to our hearts. Use a separate paragraph for each risk factor. 2.. List the uncontrollable risk factors for Coronary Heart Disease/Coronary Artery Disease (i.e. age). 3. Define the following items: Angina Pectoris Ischemia Atherosclerosis Tachycardia Bradycardia Arrhythmia Thrombus Embolus Aneurysm 4. Explain the flow of blood through the chambers of the heart and to the lungs. 5. What are the signs and symptoms of a heart attack? 6. Explain the roles and differences between the three blood vessels arteries, veins, and capillaries. 7. Explain normal resting blood pressure ranges for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 8. List 10 behaviors to decrease a person’s risk of cancer (i.e. use sunscreen). 9. Explain the “ABCD” rules for skin cancer identification. Explain the difference between benign and malignant tumor. .

Education

5.
What are the signs and symptoms of a heart attack?
6.
Explain the roles and differences between the three blood
vessels arteries, veins, and capillaries.
7.
Explain normal resting blood pressure ranges for both systolic
and diastolic blood pressure.
8.
List 10 behaviors to decrease a person’s risk of cancer (i.e. use
sunscreen).
9.
Explain the “ABCD” rules for skin cancer identification.
Explain the difference between benign and malignant tumor.

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CHAPTER 12: Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Cancer Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs include stroke, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, thromboembolic disease, and venous thrombosis. The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis, which is the narrowing of the inside of an artery due to the build up of plaque. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat. It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Coronary heart disease (CHD), also commonly referred to as just heart disease, is a common term for the buildup of plaque in the heart’s arteries that could lead to heart attack. But is there a difference between coronary heart disease and coronary artery disease? The short answer is often no — health professionals frequently use the terms interchangeably. However, coronary heart disease, or CHD, is actually a result of coronary artery disease, or CAD. With coronary artery disease, plaque first grows within the walls of the coronary arteries until the blood flow to the heart’s muscle is limited. View an illustration of coronary arteries below: Coronary Arteries The Coronary Arteries are the blood vessels that supply blood to your heart. They branch off of the aorta at its base. The right coronary artery, the left main coronary, the left anterior descending, and the left circumflex artery, are the four major coronary arteries. Blockage of these arteries is a common cause of angina, heart disease, heart attacks and heart failure. This restriction of the blood supply to the tissues is also called ischemia. It may be chronic, narrowing of the coronary artery over time and limiting of the blood supply to part of the muscle. Or it can be acute, resulting from a sudden rupture of a plaque and formation of a thrombus or blood clot. Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System To fully understand Cardiovascular Diseases, it may be helpful to understand the anatomy of the cardiovascular system. It includes the following: o Heart: the pump, divided into four chambers (R/L atria, R/L ventricles) o Arteries: large vessels carrying oxygen-rich blood away from heart; have thick, muscular wall o Arterioles: smaller arteries ...

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