Angina

1. Screening Methods For
Anti-Anginal Agents

2.  Introduction
 Definition
 Causes
 Signs and symptoms
 Treatment
 Classification (MOA)
 Screening methods
 invivo method
 invitro method

4.  Angina pectoris: Origin ( angere , pectus)
 It is a pain syndrome due to induction of an ad
verse oxyen supply in the portion of
myocardium

9.  Chest pain
 Restlessness
 Nausea
 Paining sensation
 GIT disturbance
 Chest tighing

11.  Coronary artery bypass surgery is a type of
surgery that relieves chest pain, caused by lack of
blood flow, and reduces the risk of death from
heart disease. In this surgery, blood vessels from
elsewhere in the patient's body are added to the
heart vessels to go around blood vessels blocked
by fat and get more blood into the heart so it can
keep running. This surgery usually happens with
the heart stopped, which makes machines that act
as lungs and heart needed. However, it is possible
to have the surgery with the heart still pumping,
called "off-pump" surgery.

13.  Angioplasty, also known as balloon angioplasty
and percutaneous trans luminal angioplasty (PTA),
is a minimally invasive, endovascular procedure to
widen narrowed or obstructed arteries or veins,
typically to treat arterial atherosclerosis. A deflated
balloon attached to a catheter (a balloon catheter)
is passed over a guide-wire into the narrowed
vessel and then inflated to a fixed size. The balloon
forces expansion of the blood vessel and the
surrounding muscular wall, allowing an improved
blood flow. A stent may be inserted at the time of
ballooning to ensure the vessel remains open, and
the balloon is then deflated and withdrawn.

15.  Definition
 Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a
non invasive procedure in which a set of inflatable
cuffs mechanically compress the blood vessels in
the patient's lower limbs to increase blood flow in
the coronary arteries of the heart. The blood
pressure cuffs are wrapped around the patient's
calves, thighs, and buttocks. Computer technology,
electrocardiography , and blood pressure monitors
enable the accurate timing of gentle but firm
inflation and deflation of the pressure cuffs with
the patient's heartbeat and blood pressure.

17. CLASSIFICATION OFANTIANGINALAGENTS :
1) Nitrates
i)Short Acting: Glyceryl trinitrate .
ii)Long Acting: Isosorbide dinitrate
2) ß-Blockers: Propranolol, Atenolol and others.
3) Calcium Channel Blockers
i)Phenyl Alkylamine: Verapamil
ii)Benzothiazepine: Diltiazem
iii)Dihydropyridines: Nifedipine, Felodipine, Amlodipine, Nitrendipine,
Nimodipine, Lacidipine.
4) Potassium Channel Opener: Nicorandil, Penacidil and Dizoxide
5) Others: Dipyridamole, Trimetazidine, Oxyphedrine.

18.  In vivo model
 Invitro model

24.  Purpose
 Severe ventricular failure is induce
by repeated injection of plastic
microphere into the left ventricular
artery

34.  KD Tripathi
 Goodman & Gilman
 internet