Accidental spill modelling framework in the Netherlands

1. Accidental Spill Modelling Framework
in the Netherlands
Project for the Ministry of Public Works (RWS)
supported by RPS-ASA (Eric Comerma) and
Deltares (Christophe Thiange, Pascal Boderie)
9 november 2015

2. Client: Rijkswaterstaat (RWS)
• part of the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
• responsible for clean and safe waters
• 6000 km of waterways with multiple functions
• frequent accidents require RWS action
• oil spills & chemical incidents (plans, organization, resources)
• option to scale-up (SPRG)
• rely on simulation models
9 november 2015

3. • Rhine
• Meuse
• Scheldt
• Ems
• Lakes
• Coast
• Dutch
Caribbean
Management Area

4. Project scope
• In the past various departments of RWS used different software’s.
In 2007 Deltares advised RWS on harmonisation.
• For salt waters, notably North Sea and Waddensee RWS adopted
ASA’s software suite (Oilmap, Chemmap). Chemmap uses
particle tracking to forecast fate and transport of such spills.
• The model framework combines operational forecast results of
2Dsimulation models to minimize manual transfer of data in crisis
situations
• RWS strives for harmonization with freshwater lakes and rivers.
Main motivation: a uniform working environment which is highly
relevant during “stressful” situations.
• This is an additional task included in the larger operational
response support system implemented for RWS that includes oil
spill and drifting object modelling.
9 november 2015

5. RPS ASA Role – Model/data integration
RPS ASA Role: to provide tools & expertise to facilitate the operational
implementation of the RWS’s emergency response system for Oil and
Chemical spills, and to support Search & Rescue operations (SAR-
Coast Guard).
How: customizing RPS modeling tools (OIL/SAR/CHEMMAP), using
MATROOS operational metocean forecasting inputs, wet/dry rivers, etc.
Data: Deltares has developed and implemented in RWS several
forecasting products, offshore, coastal/estuarine and rivers. Each
domain has its own technical and scientific challenges.
Tools: OIL/SAR/CHEMMAP have same GUI (> ease of use) but have
different inputs and outputs (> challenge). Oil & SAR has been
customized to take into account varying water depths (flooding/drying)
and Chemmap has been adjusted to operate in rivers.
9 november 2015

6. Data/model integration – Phases, Tasks
Metocean Data Integration: MATROOS generates metocean
predictions for each domain. For each spill/drift scenario, the user of
OIL/SAR/CHEMMAP obtain the required inputs by making an inquiry
to MATROOS server (via html/xml). As a result, specific NetCDF files
for winds, currents, water depths are generated and stored locally.
Varying water depths: flooding & drying functionality was introduced
to allow oil spill and drifting objects (lagrangian particles) to interact
with time- & space- varying water depths. User can specify whether
oil sticks to seabed and the height (draft) of a drifting object (e.g. keel
boat).
River modeling: chemical spill modeling in rivers required specific
customization in the model (transport, diffusion), to be able to read
inputs generated by the river forecasting system (coastline, depth and
flow).
9 november 2015

7. Oil Spill & SAR models (OIL/SARMAP)
9 november 2015
Static NetCDF File
Used by the model to
“strand” and “float”
the oil or SAR object
Database:
Bathymetry for Area of
Interest (MATROOS)
Emergency Response:
User creates spill/SAR scenario and
request metocean inputs to MATROOS
Wind NC file
Current NC file
Surface elevation
MATROOSHTTP / XML
+
Total water depth
{t, xyz}
ASA-MAP

8. Example of Oil Spill Model – Flooding & Drying
9 november 2015

9. Example of Oil Spill Model – Flooding & Drying
9 november 2015
Stranded vs Refloating:
Difference in mass balance
and impacted coastline
(seabed)

10. Chemical Spill Model
CHEMMAP is a 3D chemical pollutant
transport model. It requires 2/3D
currents and interacts with coast &
sea/river-floor.
Deltares provides 1D River points and
those get converted to a 2D currents
field to be used in CHEMMAP.
9 november 2015
Challenge: Sticky shoreline. CHEMMAP’s advection/diffusion processing
had to be adjusted so that chemical wasn’t excessively stuck to the river
shoreline.
Script in CHEMMAP simplifies the workflow
(“point and click”), no external steps
required. Use of MATROOS server request
(html/xml).
Coastline (river shoreline)
and Bathymetry imported
into CHEMMAP on-the-fly

11. Pointergrid explained
9 november 2015
2D-Matroos Sources:
hmcn_kustfijn
hmcn_zuno
wdij_ijsselmeer_fews
wdij_markermeer_fews
Matroos 1D Sources
fews_riv_waal_chemmap
fews_riv_lek_chemmap
fews_riv_ijssel_chemmap
fews_riv_maas_chemmap

12. Ouput 1D-Sobek -> 2D-currents
9 november 2015
SOBEK calculation points having
dynamic flow results (Q1D)
V2D = f(Q1D,W1D,A1D)
Direction: towards next section
2D section on basis of Width1D
and loction of other points.
CHEMMAP uses average of 4
corners  extra sections
required to prevent particles
from sticking to the wall.

13. Integration in the Chemmap user interface
9 november 2015
Start CHEMMAP
Select spill site
Select domain extent
Select shapefile
Select depth
Run
Visualize results
MATROOS
query
*_MATROOS.nc
Select NetCDF
Run external script
query
1D data
coast_and_rivers.nc
coast_and_rivers.shp
Fill depth grid
*_MATROOS.nc
river_depths.xyz

14. Adequate longitudinal mixing
9 november 2015
Introduction of additionial grid points
transversely
+1 +4
1D river flow + uniform dispersion =
too low longitudinal mixing !
Relative transverse coordinate (-)

15. Calibration options
9 november 2015
RAM
CHEMMAP
RAM: Accidental Spill Model for river Rhine

16. Example spill for river Rhine branch
9 november 2015

17. 17 9-11-
Collision January 17 2015
spill 140 m3 (?) Styreen/ethenylbenzeen
C8H8 casnr. 100-42-5

18. Conclusions
1. RWS appreciates a uniform working environment for all water
types
2. The model framework is easily expandable with more water
systems
3. Covers in principle the full domain of interest: catchment to coast
using existing operational hydrodynamic models
4. Uniform approach minimises operation & maintenance costs
ASA and Deltares are happy with the opportunity to show how the
great synergy between our institutes results in the generation of an
operational system to our client (RWS).
9 november 2015