This world have numerous kinds and diversity .This kinds and diversity remain in whole world two two third is aquatic ,fresh water and marine water .This kinds and diversites knowledge and their total knowledge file management is very importance for fisheries science. This freshwater and marine water has a huge number of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and plants. Thair identify and use is vary importance for fisheries and aquaculture .for that their proper file management is play a useful role in fisheries and aquaculture. If we went to know the total plant and animals this is not possible to proper file management. Culturable species and there predator knowledge and file management is vary importance for aquaculture .culturable species habitats and their food habit is very importance for successful aquaculture and also importance in breeding season and behavior and high growth rate fish data .There proper management and for fisheries student study documents is very important. So file management is very importance in fisheries science.

1. File Management System
A file management system is a type of software that manages data files in a
computer system. It has limited capabilities and is designed to manage individual
or group files, such as special office documents and records. It may display report
details, like owner, creation date, state of completion and similar features useful in
an office environment.
A file management system is also known
as a file manager.
Techopedia explains File Management
System
A file management system's tracking
component is key to the creation and
management of this system, where
documents containing various stages of
processing are shared and interchanged on an ongoing basis.
The system may contain features
Notes
Status
Create, modify, copy, delete and other file operations
File Management: The Complete Guide to Organizing and Managing Your Files
We all know that person whose desktop is cluttered with so many unorganized files
and folders that you can’t even see their wallpaper.
 No naming convention, whatsoever.
 Several shortcuts to the same program.
 Eight empty folders, all named “New folder”.
Figure 1file management

2. This might be fine on a personal computer that’s only used for social media and
games, but if you’re trying to accomplish real work, this sort of mess is only going
to lead to mistakes and frustration.
That’s why having a good system for managing files on your computer is crucial if
you want to be more productive and keep on top of things.
What is File Management in fisheries?
Every file related to fish various field (marine, freshwater, estuary) on your
computer is part of a complex, hierarchical system made up of directories and
subdirectories. The process of naming, storing, and retrieving those files in an
organized way is the basis of file management in fisheries management and when
done efficiently, can save a tremendous amount of time and headaches.
Imagine a large fisheries management organization with several terabytes of
valuable data stored on their servers. Now imagine trying to find one specific file
from fish data on these servers when you only have minutes to spare.
Document management
Document management is the process of handling documents in such a way that
information can be created, shared, organized and stored efficiently and
appropriately. As such, learning how to create a document management system is
critical for businesses.
Document management software or apps,
however, are designed to improve your
business’s handling of electronic files. The
problem is that many small businesses
have to deal with mixes of old-fashioned
data on paper and electronic files – and in
some cases, the proportion of paper data is
Figure 2document management

3. much larger.
One solution to the problem of having a mixed data environment would be to use a
document imaging system to convert all of your business’s documents to electronic
form. But this is too expensive and time-consuming for many small businesses.
The good news is that you can put the basics of a fisheries systematic management
system in place without purchasing any special software or going through
wholesale document imaging. The system doesn't have to be complex; you just
have to invest some time in planning and implementing it.
How to create a document management system
Setting up a document management system involves three steps;
 creating a document management plan,
 implementing the document management plan,
 and following through.
The first step, creating the plan, involves answering these four questions:
How will we store documents of fish?
There are actually two aspects to this question. The first involves the physical
aspects of storage.
Even if your research on aquatic plant and animal is storing documents in filing
cabinets, there are costs associated with storage; not just the cost of the filing
cabinets themselves, but the cost of time when you and/or your employees file
documents or go to retrieve them. In fact, the largest cost associated with storage,
for most research, is probably the cost of the time wasted when people are looking
for documents.
The second aspect of storing documents is fisheries organizational;
Hierarchical file system

4. A hierarchical file system is how drives, folders, and files are displayed on an
operating system. In a hierarchical file system, the drives, folders, and files are
displayed in groups, which allows the user to see only the files they're interested in
seeing. For example, in the picture the Windows directory (Windows) folder
hierarchy that contains the System32, Tasks, and Web folders. Each of these
folders could have hundreds of their own files, but unless they are opened the files
are not displayed.
Figure 3hierarchical file system
Looking for a reliable and powerful file catalog software to organize your files,
stored on dozens of HDDs, DVDs, CDs and other media storage devices?
Naming files and folders
Naming conventions are rules which enable the titling of electronic and physical
folders, documents and records in a consistent and logical way.
This ensures that the correct records can be located, identified and retrieved from a
filing system in a timely fashion, and that they are stored in an appropriate secure
location. Ideally, the best time to think how to name and structure the documents
and directories you create is at the start of a project.

5. The principles of naming conventions can equally be applied to electronic and
physical files/folders/material.
Figure 4Naming file
Benefits of naming conventions in fisheries management
Naming records consistently, logically and in a predictable way will distinguish
similar records from one another at a glance, and by doing so will facilitate the
storage and retrieval of data. Through consistency and the application of logical
standards we benefit from secure storage, and the ability to locate and access
information specially for exotic and extended fish.
File identifiability
Good practice dictates that all information (files, datasets, documents, or records)
should be identifiable and traceable. This can be achieved by following good
practices by applying referencing to all documents/files.
Document/file references will include:
• File name, or full file path including file name

6. • Name/role of file author(s) or originator(s)
• Date of creation, edit or event which is the subject of the document/file
• Version number if applicable
Suggested file and folder naming conventions
1. Keep file and folder names short, but meaningful.
2. Avoid unnecessary repetition and redundant words in file names and
file paths.
3. When including a fish name in a file name give the scientific name(italic)
5. When including a number in a file name always give it as a two-digit
number rather than one, i.e. 01, 02 … 99, unless it is a year or another number with
more than two digits.
6. If using a date in the file name always state the date ‘back to front’, and use
four digit years, two digit months and two digit days: YYYYMMDD or
YYYYMM or YYYY or YYYY-YYYY.
File name restrictions
The New Technology File System (NTFS) in Windows has naming conventions
for a file: a base file name and an optional extension, separated by a period.
following exceptions.
•The following reserved characters:
< > : " / | ? *
Remove spaces from file names or use punctuation such as underscores and
hyphens to separate words e.g. “AHRC_TechnicalApp_Response20120925.docx”

7. or “AHRC-TechnicalApp-Response20120925.docx” rather than “what we got back
from funders about the data stuff.docx
• Integer value zero, sometimes referred to as the ASCII NUL character.
• Characters whose integer representations are in the range 1-31.
• Any other character the target file system does not allow.
• Use a period as a directory component in a path to represent the current
directory. For example, .temp.txt.
• Use two consecutive periods (..) as a directory component in a path to
represent the parent of the current directory, for example ..temp.txt. For more
information, see Paths.
• Do not use the following reserved names for the name of a file:
CON, PRN, AUX, NUL, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, COM5, COM6, COM7,
COM8, COM9, LPT1, LPT2, LPT3, LPT4, LPT5, LPT6, LPT7, LPT8, and LPT9.
Also avoid these names followed immediately by an extension; for example,
NUL.txt is not recommended.
Rename a file or folder
As with other file managers, you can use Files to change the name of a file or
folder.
To rename a file or folder:
1. Right-click on the item and select Rename, or select the file and press F2.
2. Type the new name and press Enter or click Rename.
You can also rename a file from the properties window.
When you rename a file, only the first part of the name of the file is selected, not
the file extension (the part after the last .). The extension normally denotes what
type of file it is (for example, file.pdf is a PDF document), and you usually do not
want to change that. If you need to change the extension as well, select the entire
file name and change it.

8. Common problems
The file name is already in use
You cannot have two files or folders with the same name in the same folder. If you
try to rename a file to a name that already exists in the folder you are working in,
the file manager will not allow it.
File and folder names are case sensitive, so the file name catla.txt is not the same
as catla.txt. Using different file names like this is allowed, though it is not
recommended.
The file name is too long
On some file systems, file names can have no more than 255 characters in their
names. This 255 character limit includes both the file name and the path to the file
(for example, /home/wanda/Documents/work/fims –thesis report /…), so you
should avoid long file and folder names where possible.
Most common file types and file extensions
There are hundreds of different file extensions and file types used with computers,
and you can find a complete list of all of them on our computer files and file
extensions page. Below is a list of the most common file extensions, broken into
categories by type of files.
Word processor and text file formats by file extension
Creating text files and using a word processor is one of the most common tasks on
a computer. Below is the most common file extensions used with text files and
documents.
• .doc and .docx - Microsoft Word file
• .pdf - PDF file
• .tex - A LaTeX document file
• .txt - Plain text

9. • .java - Java Source code file
Presentation file formats by file extension
Today, there are a few programs that can create a presentation. Below is a list of
the most common file extensions associated with presentation programs.
• .pps - PowerPoint slide show
• .ppt - PowerPoint presentation
• .pptx - PowerPoint Open XML presentation.
Data file extensions
 .dat - Data file
 .sav - Save file (e.g., game save file)
Font file extensions
 .fnt - Windows font file
 .otf - Open type font file
Image file formats by file extension
 .gif - GIF image
 .ico - Icon file
 .jpeg or .jpg - JPEG image
 .png - PNG image
Internet related file extensions
 .htm and .html - HTML file
 .part - Partially downloaded file
 .php - PHP file
 .py - Python file
spreadsheet file extension
 .xls - Microsoft Excel file
 .xlsx - Microsoft Excel Open XML spreadsheet file

10. Video file formats by file extension
 .mp4 - MPEG4 video file
 .mpg or .mpeg - MPEG video file
Sort files and folders
You can sort files in different ways in a folder, for example by sorting them in
order of date or file size. See Ways of sorting files below for a list of common
ways to sort files. See Views preferences in Files for information on how to change
the default sort order. The way that you can sort files depends on the folder
view that you are using. You can change the current view using the list or icon
buttons in the toolbar.
Icon view
To sort files in a different order, click the
view options button in the toolbar and
choose By Name, By Size, By Type, By
Modification Date, or By Access Date.
As an example, if you select By Name, the
files will be sorted by their names, in
alphabetical order. See Ways of sorting
files for other options.
You can sort in the reverse order by
selecting Reversed Order from the menu.
List view
To sort files in a different order, click one
of the column headings in the file manager. For example, click Type to sort by file
type. Click the column heading again to sort in the reverse order.
Name: Sorts alphabetically by the name of the file.
Size: Sorts by the size of the file (how much disk space it takes up). Sorts from
smallest to largest by default.
Figure 5 change icon
Figure 6view folder

11. Type: Sorts alphabetically by the file type. Files of the same type are grouped
together, then sorted by name.
Last Modified: Sorts by the date and time that a file was last changed. Sorts from
oldest to newest by default.
File copying
In digital file management, file copying is the creation of a new file which has the
same content as an existing file. Computer operating systems include file copying
methods to users, with operating systems with graphical user interfaces (GUIs)
often providing copy-and-paste or drag-and-drop methods of file copying.
Operating systems may have specialized file copying APIs are usually able to tell
the server to perform the copying locally, without sending file contents over the
network, thus greatly improving performance.
Figure 7 coping files
File deletion
File deletion is a way of removing a file from a computer's file system.

12. Examples of reasons for deleting files are:
Figure 7 deleting file
 Freeing the disk space
 Removing duplicate or unnecessary data to avoid confusion
 Making sensitive information unavailable to others
. File managers also provide a convenient way of deleting files. Files may be
deleted one-by-one, or a whole directory tree may be deleted.
Data file location
Couchbase Server stores data files (database and indices)
under var > lib >couchbase > data .
The disk path for the database and index files is set during the initial setup of the
server node. The default disk path is typically used for development purposes only.
If the server node is used for production, configure a different disk path.

13. Figure 8C:Program Files degomto document of study
fishreproductionmale and female data
Platform Default directory
Linux /opt/Elias/phytoplankton/productivity/primary&secondary
productivity/file
Windows C:Program Files degomto document of study fishreproductionmale
and female data
Mac OS
X
~/Library/Nazmul/invertebrates/shrimp/culture/growth rate/data
Keep file safe
Keep It Locked
Although this might seem obvious, many people think since they live in a thief has
trouble getting into your house, they may move on to an easier target with
unlocked doors, so locking the door of the room where you store the file when not
in use could prevent unexpected loss from a formerly trusted acquaintance.
i.e., Such as fish data
Create a Secure Password
Make it difficult for a thief to discover your password by being creative.

14.  Figure out something you will easily remember but that doesn't contain
obvious words or dates, such as family or pet names and birthdays or
addresses.
 Make sure it is at least eight characters or longer and uses a combination of
upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters (for example,
!@#$%).
Back up file
When computer files contain information that is extremely important, a back-
up process is used to protect against disasters that might destroy the files. Backing
up files simply means making copies of the files in a separate location so that they
can be restored if something happens to the computer, or if they are deleted
accidentally.
The fish of bangladash-SIS-SRS backup
The Fish-red list-exoticfish backup
-method automatically makes three back-ups; the grandfather file is the oldest copy
of the file and the son is the current copy.
Conclution
This world have numerous kinds and diversity .This kinds and diversity remain in
whole world two two third is aquatic ,fresh water and marine water .This kinds and
diversites knowledge and their total knowledge file management is very
importance for fisheries science.
This freshwater and marine water has a huge number of vertebrate and
invertebrate animals and plants. Thair identify and use is vary importance for
fisheries and aquaculture .for that their proper file management is play a useful role
in fisheries and aquaculture.
If we went to know the total plant and animals this is not possible to proper file
management.
Culturable species and there predator knowledge and file management is vary
importance for aquaculture .culturable species habitats and their food habit is very
importance for successful aquaculture and also importance in breeding season and

15. behavior and high growth rate fish data .There proper management and for
fisheries student study documents is very important. So file management is very
importance in fisheries science.
Reference
1. https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/files-sort.html.en
2. https://safety.lovetoknow.com/Computer_Safety_Tips
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_file
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_deletion
5. https://help.gnome.org/users/gnome-help/stable/files-sort.html.en
6. https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch001789.htm
7. https://www2.le.ac.uk/services/research-data/organise-data/naming-files
8. https://www.wincatalog.com/file-catalog.html
9. https://www.quora.com/Where-is-the-file-location-of-the-file-Explorer