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Vaccines stimulate the body’s immune system
which produces antibodies against disease
producing organisms
– LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES
– KILLED VACCINES
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LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES
Disease-causing viruses or bacteria that have
been weakened under laboratory conditions.
They replicate in a vaccinated individual, but
because they are weak, they cause either no
disease or only a mild form of the disease
Eg. BCG, Measles and the Oral Polio Vaccine
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INACTIVATED OR KILLED VACCINES
Produced by viruses or bacteria inactivated with
heat or chemicals. They cannot grow in a
vaccinated individual and so cannot cause the
disease.
Eg. Whole-cell (pertussis)
Fractional protein based (DT and TT)
Recombinant (hepatitis B) vaccines
8. TYPE OF VACCINE
Live vaccine
Tuberculosis
At birth (upto 1 year)
1 dose (0.05ml; 0.1)
Intra- dermal
Left upper arm
DISEASE
SCHEDULE
DOSE
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
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10. TYPE OF VACCINE
Live vaccine; Bivalent
DISEASE
Poliomyelitis
SCHEDULE
0,6,10,14wks; 18m
DOSE
5 dose; 2 drops
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
oral
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
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12. TYPE OF VACCINE
DISEASE
SCHEDULE
DOSE
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
Killed vaccine
Poliomyelitis
14wks
1 doses; 0.5ml
Intra-muscular
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Anterolateral aspect of thigh
14. TYPE OF VACCINE
DISEASE
SCHEDULE
DOSE
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
Diphtheria, pertusis, tetanus
6,10,14wks; 16-24m;5yrs
5 doses; 0.5ml
Intra-muscular
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Anterolateral aspect of thigh
15. TYPE OF VACCINE
DISEASE
SCHEDULE
DOSE
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
Hepatitis B
0,6,10,14wks
4 doses; 0.5ml
Intra-muscular
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Anterolateral aspect of thigh
20. TYPE OF VACCINE
DISEASES
SCHEDULE
DOSE
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
Killed vaccine
Typhoid
2yrs
1 dose; 0.5ml
Intramuscular
Anterolateral aspect of thigh
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21. TYPE OF VACCINE
Toxoid
DISEASE
Tetanus
SCHEDULE
10 yrs ;16 years pregnant woman
( 2 doses;1 dose if previously vaccinated within 3 Year)
DOSE
Intramuscular
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
Right arm
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
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23. TYPE OF VACCINE
Diphtheria, pertusis, tetanus,
hepatitis B & Hib
6,10,14wks
3 doses; 0.5ml
Intra-muscular
Anterolateral aspect of thigh
DISEASES
SCHEDULE
DOSE
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
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Pentavalent vaccine in how many states
– 9 states
– Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Haryana, J&K, Gujarat,
Karnataka, Goa, Puducherry, Delhi(2012).
26. TYPE OF VACCINE
DISEASE
SCHEDULE
DOSE
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
Live vaccine
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
16-24m
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1 dose; 0.5ml
Subcutaneous
Right arm
28. TYPE OF VACCINE
Japanese Encephalitis (Brain fever)
9-12 months;16-24 months
2 doses; 0.5ml
Subcutaneous
DISEASE
SCHEDULE
DOSE
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
SITE OF ADMINISTRATION
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(SA 14-14-2)
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COLD CHAIN
Cold Chain is a system of storing and transporting
vaccine at the recommended temperature range
from the point of manufacture to point of use
32. ICE LINED REFRIGERATORS (ILRs)
• Keep vaccine safe with as little as 8 hours
continuous electricity supply in a 24-hour
period.
• Top-opening
48
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VACCINE CARRIER
• 4 conditioned ice packs
• maintain the inside temperature between +2 to +80C
for 12 hours
• Use: Carrying vaccines (16-20 vials) and diluents from
PHCs to session sites. Ensure the return of unused
vaccine vials from session sites to the PHC on the same
day in the cold chain through alternate vaccine
delivery.
• Keep a unused vaccines that can be used in subsequent
sessions. Discard vaccines that have been returned
unopened more than thrice. Do not keep any used vials
in the cold chain. ƒNever
