From this slide one will gather basic information about the universe, Earth and the effects of rotation as well as revolution. The information is presentated for students at the primary level (grades 4-6) or teachers looking for simple information to use as an teaching aid.

1. Effects of the movement of the
Earth
Presenter:
Dayna Bignal

2. The Universe
Earth and all the planets in our solar system make up just a tiny part of the
universe. Billions of other stars like our Sun all form a group called the Milky
Way Galaxy. The universe holds many strange things, such as exploding
stars. It holds great clouds of gas and dust where new stars form. It also holds
black holes. Black holes have a pulling force called gravity. Gravity is the
force that holds you to the ground and makes things fall when you drop them.

3. The Solar System
The solar system consists of the Sun, its eight orbiting planets, and their
moons as well as asteroids, comets, and meteoroids. The planets are, in
order from the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, and Neptune. Pluto, known for a long time as the ninth planet,
is now called a dwarf planet.

4. Planets
 Planet, a round body in space that orbits a star. To be a planet, a body must
be big enough to settle into a rounded shape from the inward pull of its own
gravitation.
 A planet shines by reflecting light and not by releasing nuclear energy the
way a star does.
 Our solar system has eight major planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune— as well as a dwarf planet which is
Pluto. A planet-like body that revolves around a larger planet is called a
satellite or moon rather than a planet.

5. Similarities of planets
1. All revolve around the sun.
2. All have moons
3. All orbit on the same plane
4. All are spherical in shape
Differences of planets
1. Small Large
2. Solid surfaces Balls of gases, no solid surfaces
3. Greater densities Low density
4. Spins slowly Spins faster compared to inner planets
5. No rings Have rings
Inner planets Outer planets

6. The Sun
The sun is the centre of the solar system. It is a hot ball of gas comprising
mostly of hydrogen and helium. It provides gravitational pull for the
other planets.
Characteristic s of the Sun
1. It is the main source of energy , for both the Earth and other planets
2. It provides heats
3. It sustains life on Earth

7. The Earth
The Earth is the third planet from the sun
and it is the only planet in the solar system
that has life form inhabiting it. It orbits the
sun between Venus and Mars and it takes
365 ¼ days to complete a revolution. It has
one moon and because of its distance from
the sun can support plant and animal life.
Earth is the largest of the four inner planets and it is sometimes
referred to as the ‘blue planet.’ In addition it is a rotating sphere
which spins on its axis causing rotation. While it also revolves
around the sun.

8. Effects of the Earth’s Movement
There are two major impacts of the Earth’s movement. Two results is
rotation and revolution.

9. Rotation
Rotation is the spinning of the Earth on
its axis for a period of 24 hours. The
period of one complete rotation is defined
as a day and takes 23 hr 56 min 4.1 sec.
Rotation result in:
1. The occurrence of day and night
2. The differences of the seasons
3. The difference of 1 hour every 15˚
4. The deflection of winds and current
5. The rise and fall of tide.

10. The Rise and Fall of Tide

11. The Deflection Of Winds And
Current

12. Revolution
A revolution occurs as the earth moves around the sun. The time it
takes for one revolution = 365 1/4 days = 8,766 hours .

13. The Effects of Revolution
1. The effects of revolution are the changes in the altitude of
midday sun.
2. Varying the lengths of day and night
3. The occurrence of the four seasons

14. Effects of Revolution
The difference of altitude of the midday sun

15. Pop Quiz
1. What is rotation?
2. What are two effects of rotation?
3. What is the third planet from the sun?
4. Differentiate between rotation and revolution?
4. Name two effects of revolution?

16. References
Brown. A., Browne., C. & Browne., W. (2001). Social
Studies for Jamaican Schools. Carlong Publishers
(Caribbean) Limited. Kingston, Jamaica.
Taylor-Browne, W. & Robinson., P. (2005). Carlong
Primary Social Studies – Jamaica Island Nation Year 4.
Carlong Publishers (Caribbean) Limited. Kingston,
Jamaica.
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. The Solar System.