Chemistry

1. STATES
OF
MATTER

2. 1. SOLID- has both a
definite shape and a
definite volume

3. 2. LIQUID- has a distinct
volume but has no specific
shape. It assumes the shape
of the container it occupies.

4. 3. GAS- has no fixed
volume and no fixed
shape

5. 4. PLASMA- ionized gases;
most common state of
matter in the universe

6. 5. BOSE-EINSTEIN
CONDENSATE- occur at
temperatures at absolute
zero
-made in laboratory

7. CLASSIFICATION OF
MATTER

8. PURE SUBSTANCES- cannot be
broken down physically
-Has distinct properties and
composition

9. ELEMENTS- Made up of one
kind of atom
COMPOUNDS- Made up of 2 o
more kinds of atom/element

10. MIXTURE- combinations of 2
or more substances in which
each substance retain its
chemical properties

11. HOMOGENOUS
• same physical properties all
throughout
Ex. Solution-made up of two parts,
solute and solvent

12. HETEROGENOUS
• two or more phases
Ex. Suspension and Colloid

13. SEPARATING MIXTURES
Filtration

14. SEPARATING MIXTURES
Sedimentation and Decantation

15. SEPARATING MIXTURES
Mechanical Separation
-involves the use of tools such as
forceps, wire screen etc.
Ex. Separating sand and pebbles

16. SEPARATING MIXTURES
Distillation
-involves the evaporation and
condensation of liquid

17. SEPARATING MIXTURES
Centrifugation
-mixture is placed inside a centrifuge and is
being spin around at a high speed, the
rotation forces the solid to be at the
bottom of the test tube

18. SEPARATING MIXTURES
Centrifugation

20. PROPERTIES OF
MATTER

21. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
can be extensive or
intensive

22. EXTENSIVE- depends on the
amount of matter
INTENSIVE- depends on the
quality of matter

23. EXTENSIVE
Ex. Volume, mass, length

24. INTENSIVE
Ex. color, odor, taste, density
Solubility, melting and boiling point,
viscosity, ductility, malleability, elasticity,
brittleness, luster

25. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
-describe the way a substance
may change or react

26. PHYSICAL CHANGE
-Phase change
-change in state no change in the
composition of the substance
Ex. H2O

27. PHYSICAL CHANGE

28. CHEMICAL CHANGE
-Ability of a substance to undergo a
chemical reaction and form a new
substance

29. CHEMICAL CHANGE
• Flammability/ Combustibility
• Acidic or basic
• Reactivity

30. Chemical Changes of Matter
Indicators that a chemical change may have
happened:
 Energy is absorbed or released (temperature changes)
 Color changes
 Gas is produced (bubbling, fizzing, or odor change; smoke)
 Precipitate is formed - a solid that separates from solution
(won’t dissolve)
 Irreversibility - not easily undone