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Christina Putriningsih, S.Pd
Diagram Ven dan
Operasi Himpunan
-SMPK STELLA MARIS-
Apa yang akan kita pelajari hari ini?
1 Menggambar Diagram Ven
2 Macam-macam Operasi Himpunan
3 Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita
Apa itu Diagram Ven??
Sebuah diagram yang menunjukkan hubungan
antara dua himpunan atau lebih dalam himpunan
semesta.
Aturan dalam Membuat Diagram Ven
1. Menggambar sebuah persegi panjang untuk
menunjukkan semesta dengan mencantumkan
huruf S di pojok kiri atas
S
2. Setiap himpunan lain yang sedang dibicarakan
digambarkan dengan lingkaran atau kurva
tertutup sederhana.
3. Setiap anggota masing-masing himpunan
diberikan tanda titik
S A
S A
Contoh :
Diketahui himpunan semesta S = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6}.
Himpunan A = {1, 3, 5} dan B = {0, 2}.
Gambarlah diagram venn-nya!
s
A B
• 3
• 1
• 5
• 0
• 2
• 4
• 6
Operasi Himpunan
1. Irisan
Irisan himpunan A dan B adalah himpunan yang semua anggotanya men
jadi anggota himpunan A dan juga anggota himpunan B.
Notasinya “ ∩ "
Contoh :
A= {2, 3, 5, 7}
B = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
A ∩ B = { 3, 5, 7}
• 3
• 5
• 7
• 2
• 1
• 9
Operasi Himpunan
2. Gabungan
Gabungan himpunan A dan B adalah himpunan anggotanya semua
anggota S yang meruakan anggota himpunan A atau anggota himpunan B
Notasinya “ ∪ "
Contoh :
A= {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11}
B = { 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13}
A∪B = { 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13}
A∪B
Operasi Himpunan
3. Komplemen
Komplemen himpunan A adalah himpunan semua anggota himpunan
S yang bukan anggota himpunan A.
Notasinya “
𝑐
"
Contoh :
S = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
A= { 1, 3, 5,7, 9}
𝐴𝑐= { 0, 2, 4, 8, 6 }
Operasi Himpunan
4. Selisih Himpunan
Selisih himpunan B terhadap himpunan A adalah himpunan semua anggot
a himpunan A yang bukang anggota himpunan B.
Notasinya “ − "
Contoh :
A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
B= { 2, 3, 5,7, 11, 12}
𝐴 − 𝐵= { 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10}
𝐵 − 𝐴= { 11, 12 }
Diagram Ven dalam Soal Cerita
Contoh 1:
Didalam suatu kelas ada 35 siswa, 15 siswa hobi basket, 20 siswa hobi sep
ak bola dan 10 siswa suka keduanya.
a. Buatlah diagram ven-nya
b. Tentukan banyak siswa yang hanya hobi basket saja
c. Tentukan banyak siswa yang hanya hobi sepak bola saja
Jawab :
a.
b. Hanya hobi basket = 5 siswa
c. Hanya hobi Sepak bola = 10 siswa
35
10
B SB
15 -10= 5 20- 10= 10
Diagram Ven dalam Soal Cerita
Contoh 2:
Diketahui suatu RW terdiri dari 30 orang mengadakan lomba perayaan
17
Agustus. Ada 14 orang yang mengikuti lomba panjat pinang, lalu ada
juga
12 orang yang mengikuti lomba tarik tambang, dan sisanya ada 7 or
ang yang
tidak mengikuti kompetisi apapun. Berapa banyak orang yang mengi
kuti
kedua lomba tersebut ?
Langkah 1:
Gambar diagram vennya!
Langkah 2:
Mencari nilai x (irisan)!
30 = 14-x + x + 12-x + 7
30 = 33 – x
30 – 33 = -x
-3 = -x
−3
−1
= 𝑥
3 = x
Jadi, banyak orang yang mengikuti kedua lomba tersebut adalah 3 orang
Langkah 1:
Gambar diagram vennya!
Rumus Himpunan mencari irisan
n(A∩ 𝐵) = (n A + n(B)) − (n S − n(X))
= (14 + 12) – (30 – 7)
= 26 – 23
= 3
Diagram Ven dalam Soal Cerita
Contoh 3:
Suatu kelas terdiri dari 40 orang siswa, dan diantaranya ada 15 orang sis
wa yang menyukai pelajaran matematika, lalu ada 13 orang siswa yang
menyukai pelajaran bahasa inggris dan yang 7 orang siswa yang meny
ukai keduanya.
Berapa banyak siswa yang tidak menyukai pelajaran matematika maupun b
ahasa
Inggris?
Langkah 1 :
Gambar diagram vennya!
Misalkan :
x= banyak orang yang tidak
menyukai pelajaran
15-7=8 13-7=6
Langkah 2:
Mencari nilai x!
40 = 8+7+6+x
40 = 21 + x
40 – 21= x
19 = x
Jadi, banyak siswa yang tidak menyukai pelajaran Matematika dan Bahasa
Inggris adalah 19 orang.
Langkah 1:
Gambar diagram vennya!
Rumus Himpunan mencari:
n S − n X =(n A + n(B)) − n(A ∩ 𝐵)
40 - n(X) = (15 + 13) – 7
40 - n(X) = 21
40 – 21 = n (X)
19 = n(X)
15-7=8 13-7=6
Kegiatan Selanjutnya
1. Simak dan pahami penjelasan video di e-learning
2. Catat hal-hal yang penting di buku catatan kalian.
3. Kerjakan soal Tugas 2 yang telah disediakan di e-learning.
4. Minggu depan Ulangan Harian (Perhatikan waktu pengerjaan)
Thank you
Stay healthy

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TỔNG HỢP HƠN 100 ĐỀ THI THỬ TỐT NGHIỆP THPT TOÁN 2024 - TỪ CÁC TRƯỜNG, TRƯỜNG...
 

Diagram v en

  • 1. Christina Putriningsih, S.Pd Diagram Ven dan Operasi Himpunan -SMPK STELLA MARIS-
  • 2. Apa yang akan kita pelajari hari ini? 1 Menggambar Diagram Ven 2 Macam-macam Operasi Himpunan 3 Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita
  • 3. Apa itu Diagram Ven?? Sebuah diagram yang menunjukkan hubungan antara dua himpunan atau lebih dalam himpunan semesta.
  • 4. Aturan dalam Membuat Diagram Ven 1. Menggambar sebuah persegi panjang untuk menunjukkan semesta dengan mencantumkan huruf S di pojok kiri atas S 2. Setiap himpunan lain yang sedang dibicarakan digambarkan dengan lingkaran atau kurva tertutup sederhana. 3. Setiap anggota masing-masing himpunan diberikan tanda titik S A S A
  • 5. Contoh : Diketahui himpunan semesta S = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6}. Himpunan A = {1, 3, 5} dan B = {0, 2}. Gambarlah diagram venn-nya! s A B • 3 • 1 • 5 • 0 • 2 • 4 • 6
  • 6. Operasi Himpunan 1. Irisan Irisan himpunan A dan B adalah himpunan yang semua anggotanya men jadi anggota himpunan A dan juga anggota himpunan B. Notasinya “ ∩ " Contoh : A= {2, 3, 5, 7} B = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9} A ∩ B = { 3, 5, 7} • 3 • 5 • 7 • 2 • 1 • 9
  • 7. Operasi Himpunan 2. Gabungan Gabungan himpunan A dan B adalah himpunan anggotanya semua anggota S yang meruakan anggota himpunan A atau anggota himpunan B Notasinya “ ∪ " Contoh : A= {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11} B = { 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13} A∪B = { 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13} A∪B
  • 8. Operasi Himpunan 3. Komplemen Komplemen himpunan A adalah himpunan semua anggota himpunan S yang bukan anggota himpunan A. Notasinya “ 𝑐 " Contoh : S = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} A= { 1, 3, 5,7, 9} 𝐴𝑐= { 0, 2, 4, 8, 6 }
  • 9. Operasi Himpunan 4. Selisih Himpunan Selisih himpunan B terhadap himpunan A adalah himpunan semua anggot a himpunan A yang bukang anggota himpunan B. Notasinya “ − " Contoh : A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} B= { 2, 3, 5,7, 11, 12} 𝐴 − 𝐵= { 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10} 𝐵 − 𝐴= { 11, 12 }
  • 10. Diagram Ven dalam Soal Cerita Contoh 1: Didalam suatu kelas ada 35 siswa, 15 siswa hobi basket, 20 siswa hobi sep ak bola dan 10 siswa suka keduanya. a. Buatlah diagram ven-nya b. Tentukan banyak siswa yang hanya hobi basket saja c. Tentukan banyak siswa yang hanya hobi sepak bola saja Jawab : a. b. Hanya hobi basket = 5 siswa c. Hanya hobi Sepak bola = 10 siswa 35 10 B SB 15 -10= 5 20- 10= 10
  • 11. Diagram Ven dalam Soal Cerita Contoh 2: Diketahui suatu RW terdiri dari 30 orang mengadakan lomba perayaan 17 Agustus. Ada 14 orang yang mengikuti lomba panjat pinang, lalu ada juga 12 orang yang mengikuti lomba tarik tambang, dan sisanya ada 7 or ang yang tidak mengikuti kompetisi apapun. Berapa banyak orang yang mengi kuti kedua lomba tersebut ? Langkah 1: Gambar diagram vennya!
  • 12. Langkah 2: Mencari nilai x (irisan)! 30 = 14-x + x + 12-x + 7 30 = 33 – x 30 – 33 = -x -3 = -x −3 −1 = 𝑥 3 = x Jadi, banyak orang yang mengikuti kedua lomba tersebut adalah 3 orang Langkah 1: Gambar diagram vennya! Rumus Himpunan mencari irisan n(A∩ 𝐵) = (n A + n(B)) − (n S − n(X)) = (14 + 12) – (30 – 7) = 26 – 23 = 3
  • 13. Diagram Ven dalam Soal Cerita Contoh 3: Suatu kelas terdiri dari 40 orang siswa, dan diantaranya ada 15 orang sis wa yang menyukai pelajaran matematika, lalu ada 13 orang siswa yang menyukai pelajaran bahasa inggris dan yang 7 orang siswa yang meny ukai keduanya. Berapa banyak siswa yang tidak menyukai pelajaran matematika maupun b ahasa Inggris? Langkah 1 : Gambar diagram vennya! Misalkan : x= banyak orang yang tidak menyukai pelajaran 15-7=8 13-7=6
  • 14. Langkah 2: Mencari nilai x! 40 = 8+7+6+x 40 = 21 + x 40 – 21= x 19 = x Jadi, banyak siswa yang tidak menyukai pelajaran Matematika dan Bahasa Inggris adalah 19 orang. Langkah 1: Gambar diagram vennya! Rumus Himpunan mencari: n S − n X =(n A + n(B)) − n(A ∩ 𝐵) 40 - n(X) = (15 + 13) – 7 40 - n(X) = 21 40 – 21 = n (X) 19 = n(X) 15-7=8 13-7=6
  • 15. Kegiatan Selanjutnya 1. Simak dan pahami penjelasan video di e-learning 2. Catat hal-hal yang penting di buku catatan kalian. 3. Kerjakan soal Tugas 2 yang telah disediakan di e-learning. 4. Minggu depan Ulangan Harian (Perhatikan waktu pengerjaan)