This document discusses contraceptive methods for avoiding unwanted pregnancy. It describes various forms of contraception including male condoms, female condoms, diaphragms, IUDs, hormonal methods like birth control pills, patches, injections, implants and emergency contraception. It emphasizes using dual protection with condoms and another method. Myths about condoms are debunked. Proper usage of various contraceptives is outlined. Methods that are not effective forms of contraception are also noted.

1. SEXUALITY
2nd of ESO
Contraceptive methods
Charo Monter Ardanuy

2. UNWANTED pregnancy
• One that occurs without being planned.
• How can you get pregnant?
• Sexual intercourse with vaginal intercourse
without using adequate contraception.
• With the “coitus interruptus", because the
pre seminal fluid contains sperm.
"Before it rains ... it sparkles“
• Performing masturbation practices near
the entrance of the vagina (semen can be
inserted into the vagina).
Charo Monter Ardanuy

3. When can pregnancy occur?
-ANY DAY OF THE MONTH WITH
PENETRATION WITHOUT
USING A CONTRACEPTIVE
METHOD.
-ALTHOUGH IT IS A SINGLE
INTERCOURSE.
-DURING THE PERIOD, A WOMAN
CAN BE OVULATING.
-IT IS IMPORTANT THAT IN ALL
SEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS
WITH PENETRATION, YOU USE
ANY CONTRACEPTIVE
METHOD. Charo Monter Ardanuy

4. How to avoid pregnancy?
o Enjoying erotic relationships without penetration
and intercourse with protection.
o Contraceptive methods
o If they fail → emergency contraception or
"emergency postcoital contraception".
Charo Monter Ardanuy

5. HOW DO YOU KNOW IF YOU
ARE PREGNANT?
If you have a delay of 10 days, or you bleed
very little compared to a normal period,
there is the possibility of being pregnant...
Pregnancy test
(pharmacy, health centre ...)
• If pregnancy is confirmed:
– Inform your partner.
– Ask for help: parents, doctor, nurse…
– Make a decision as soon as possible.
Charo Monter Ardanuy

6. CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
Charo Monter Ardanuy

7. MALE CONDOM
Charo Monter Ardanuy

8. HISTORY OF THE CONDOM
Charo Monter Ardanuy

9. • "Do not reuse“
• Do not expose them to
the sun.
• Do not use two condoms
together.
• Avoid pregnancy and it
is the safest method to
prevent AIDS and
other STDs.
Charo Monter Ardanuy
DO NOT FORGET!!

10. Charo Monter Ardanuy
https://youtu.be/NwZ5qDclOXM
https://youtu.be/pZyL6BByS5w
HOW TO PLACE A MASCULINE
CONDOM

11. HOW TO PLACE A MASCULINE
CONDOM
Charo Monter Ardanuy

12. MYTHS ABOUT THE CONDOM
o The thicker the condom is,
the more effective.
o The use of condoms
produces fungi.
o It is better to use two
condoms at the same time.
o Condoms can be lubricated
with petroleum jelly.
o The condom causes a great
insensibility and does not
allow a good enjoyment of
intercourse. Charo Monter Ardanuy

13. HOW TO PLACE A FEMALE
CONDOM
Charo Monter Ardanuy

14. THE DIAPHRAGM
o Prevents the entry of sperm.
o It has to be accompanied by a
spermicidal cream.
o Its effectiveness is calculated
between 82 and 96%.
Charo Monter Ardanuy

15. INTRAUTERINE DEVICES
Its function is to
prevent sperm from
entering the
fallopian tubes and
fecundating the
ovum.
Charo Monter Ardanuy

16. THE DOUBLE METHOD
o It consists of the simultaneous
prevention of unwanted
pregnancies and infections of
Sexual Transmission and AIDS.
Use condoms and birth control
pills.
o It is fundamental in
adolescence.
o If the condom breaks, the risk
of pregnancy is 1 in 300, but
with the double method it is
reduced to 9 in 10,000.
Charo Monter Ardanuy

17. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES
Charo Monter Ardanuy

18. ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
Charo Monter Ardanuy

19. VAGINAL RING
Charo Monter Ardanuy

20. HOW TO PLACE IT?
Charo Monter Ardanuy

21. SKIN PATCHES
Charo Monter Ardanuy

22. INJECTIONS
o Progestogen that is applied every 2-3
months depending on the type of
progestins.
o ADVANTAGES:
- Any age.
- Interruption at any time.
- Help in the prevention of ovarian and uterine
cancer.
Charo Monter Ardanuy

23. HORMONAL
IMPLANT
o Duration between 3 and 5 years
o They begin to protect as of 24 hours after
the implant.
o Periods are lighter or can even be
suppressed.
o They have an efficiency of 99%
Charo Monter Ardanuy

24. LIGATIONS
Charo Monter Ardanuy
VASECTOMY TUBAL LIGATION

25. Emergency postcoital contraception
o It contains a high concentration of hormones that can block
ovulation or prevent nesting in the endometrium.
o It is used as an emergency method in the case of unprotected
intercourse or condom breakage; it should not be used as usual.
o Unwanted pregnancy can be avoided in 85% of cases, if it is
used before 72 hours, increasing its effectiveness if used as
soon as possible.
o It does not help to prevent STDs.
Charo Monter Ardanuy

26. They are NOT
contraceptive methods…
- The coitus interruptus
- Breastfeeding.
- The vulvar coitus.
- Vaginal washing.
- The abortion .
- The emergency postcoital
pill. Charo Monter Ardanuy

27. INSECURE METHODS
o Periodic abstinence.
o Ogino.
o Billings. (Cervical mucus
method)
o Basal temperature.
o Symptothermic method.
o Coitus interruptus.
o Spermicides.
o Natural breastfeeding.
o Vaginal washes.
Charo Monter Ardanuy

28. Charo Monter Ardanuy