gold nanoparticles, cancer therapy, introduction, why gold only

1. A Review on Gold
Nanoparticles in Cancer
Therapy
Presented by,
Anusha Dev
M.Pharmacy- Pharmaceutics
Geethanjali College of Pharmacy
Under the Supervision of ,
Dr. Y Shivakumar, P Naga Chandrika

2. TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Introduction 01
03
02
05
06
Mechanism of AuNPs
on tumor cells
Synthesis of Gold
nanoparticles
Significance of
AuNPs
Characteristics of Gold
nanoparticles
04 Types of Gold
nanoparticles

3. ― Cancer is difficult to treat because it’s a disease caused by your own cells
getting your own body to kill itself can be quite a challenge. By using
nanoparticles as drug carriers we can target the cancerous cells and treat them
efficiently.
― Nanoparticles synthesized using gold(Au) are called as gold nanoparticles
(GNPs/ AuNPs), they are also called as colloidal gold.
― Nanoparticles of gold, exhibit a combination chemical and structural
properties that makes it novel from conventional bulk solids.
― Nano-sized gold particles exhibit various shades from red to blue.

4. ― Gold has optical properties like plasmon resonance are fluorescence and
chemiluminescence.
― These properties have the ability to detect biomolecules, for induction of
tumor cell apoptosis through hyperthermia.
― The AuNPs cytotoxic effect on cancer cells is primarily due to their easy
permeability to cellular barriers.
― Photothermal therapy using gold NPs may assist with this challenge due to
its photon absorbing capability, ultimately transforming NPs into heat,
thereby destroying cancer cells.
Why Gold?

5. Mechanism of action

6. Characteristics of Gold
Nanoparticles
― Gold nanoparticles have greater biological compatibility and are
chemically inert.
― They are highly stable due to gold-sulphur bonds.
― GNPs facilitate as microscopic probes for medical studies.
― Gold nanoparticles accumulate in the cancerous cell and show the
cytotoxic effect i.e apoptosis or necrosis of the specific cell and its
receptor.
― GNPs are emerging as promising agents for cancer therapy.

7. Types of Gold Nanoparticles

8. Synthesis of Gold
Nanoparticles
Chemical Method
Physical Method
Biological Method

9. Physical Method
― The γ- IR radiation technique is one approach is where , the
synthesis of GNPs in uniform size ranging from 5-40nm along
with high purity is possible. Polysaccharide alginate is used as
stabilizer.
― By the action of heat or photochemical reduction or reduction
of HAuCl4 (chloroauric acid) by citrate, tartrate and malate.

10. Chemical Methods
1.Turkevich Method 2.Burst- Schiffrin method
Small amounts of hot chloroauric acid
is reacted with sodium citrate
solution. The citrate ions act as both as
reducing agent and capping agent.
Chloroauric acid(AuCl4) reacts with
tetraoctylammonium bromide
(TOAB) solution in toluene and
reduced by sodium
borohydride(NaBH4).

11. 4.Electrochemical method
3.Seeding growth method
AuNPs are prepared electrochemically
using a simple two-electrode cell, with
oxidation of the anode and reduction of
the cathode. Using tetra alkyl
ammonium salts as stabilizers.
Initially gold nanoparticles with an
average diameter of 9 nm were
synthesized in toluene by using
oleylamine both as a reducing and
stabilizing agent. These GNPs act as
seeds for a subsequent growth
reaction .During the reaction, the gold
nanoparticles start to
agglomerate which are separated later.

12. Biological Methods
― In recent years, the biosynthesis of
AuNPs using plants such as
Cinnamomum camphora, Aloe
vera, lemongrass have been
reported.
― Microorganisms like pseudomonas,
actinomycetes etc. are used in
preparation of AuNPs.

14. References
1. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/21691401.2014.971807
2. https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/12/4/70
3. http://www.slideshare.net/shrenibandi/gold-nano-p?from_m_app=android
4. https://chemistry-
europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ejic.201402467#:~:text=A%20see
ded%2Dgrowth%20method%20has,morphology%20of%20the%20resulting%20nano
particles.

15. Thank you